Extraction and validation of a new set of CMS PYTHIA8 tunes from underlying-event measurements

Abstract

New sets of CMS underlying-event parameters ("tunes") are presented for the PYTHIA8 event generator. These tunes use the NNPDF3.1 parton distribution functions (PDFs) at leading (LO), next-to-leading (NLO), or next-to-next-to-leading (NNLO) orders in perturbative quantum chromodynamics, and the strong coupling evolution at LO or NLO. Measurements of charged-particle multiplicity and transverse momentum densities at various hadron collision energies are fit simultaneously to determine the parameters of the tunes. Comparisons of the predictions of the new tunes are provided for observables sensitive to the event shapes at LEP, global underlying event, soft multiparton interactions, and double-parton scattering contributions. In addition, comparisons are made for observables measured in various specific processes, such as multijet, Drell-Yan, and top quark-antiquark pair production including jet substructure observables. The simulation of the underlying event provided by the new tunes is interfaced to a higher-order matrix-element calculation. For the first time, predictions from PYTHIA8 obtained with tunes based on NLO or NNLO PDFs are shown to reliably describe minimum-bias and underlying-event data with a similar level of agreement to predictions from tunes using LO PDF sets.

Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/GEN-17-001 (CMS Public Pages)

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• Muon identification using multivariate techniques in the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Stitching Monte Carlo samples
• Search for baryon number violation in top quark production and decay using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Measurement of inclusive and differential cross sections for W${}^{+}$W${}^{-}$ production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
• Refinable modeling for unbinned SMEFT analyses
• A search for bottom-type vector-like quark pair production in dileptonic and fully hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for $CP$ violation in D${}^0$ $\to$ K${}_{\mathrm{S}}^0$K${}_{\mathrm{S}}^0$ decays in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Observation of B${}^0$ $\to$ $\psi$(2S)K${}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ and B${}_{\mathrm{S}}^0$ $\to$ $\psi$(2S)K${}_{\mathrm{S}}^0$ decays
• Search for flavor-changing neutral current interactions of the top quark mediated by a Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
• Search for pair production of scalar and vector leptoquarks decaying to muons and bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Evidence of medium response to hard probes using correlations of Z bosons with hadrons in heavy ion collisions
• Search for an exotic decay of the Higgs boson into a Z boson and a pseudoscalar particle in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Observation of WZ$\gamma$ production and constraints on new physics scenarios in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Measurement of the $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$ charge asymmetry in events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for ZZ and ZH production in the $\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}$ final state using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Study of WH production through vector boson scattering and extraction of the relative sign of the W and Z couplings to the Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for scalar leptoquarks produced via $\tau$-lepton-quark scattering in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for narrow trijet resonances in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for high-mass resonances decaying to a jet and a Lorentz-boosted resonance in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Energy-scaling behavior of intrinsic transverse momentum parameters in Drell-Yan simulation
• Search for W$\gamma$ resonances in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV using hadronic decays of Lorentz-boosted W bosons
• Search for new resonances decaying to pairs of merged diphotons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Evidence for tWZ production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV in multilepton final states
• Measurement of WWZ and ZH production cross sections at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 and 13.6 TeV
• Search for resonances decaying to three W bosons in the hadronic final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Measurement of multijet azimuthal correlations and determination of the strong coupling in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for top squark pair production in a final state with two tau leptons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Simultaneous probe of the charm and bottom quark Yukawa couplings using $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$H events
• Optimizing the parton shower model in PYTHIA with pp collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for a heavy composite Majorana neutrino in events with dilepton signatures from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Measurement of the production cross section of a Higgs boson with large transverse momentum in its decays to a pair of $\tau$ leptons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for charged-lepton flavor violation in the production and decay of top quarks using trilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Soft QCD Physics at the LHC: highlights and opportunities
• Search for light Higgs bosons from supersymmetric cascade decays in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• First evidence for mixing-induced $CP$ violation in B${}_{\mathrm{s}}^0$ $\to$ J/$\psi \varphi$(1020) decays in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• J/$\psi$ and ${\rm Y}$(1S) production in jets at LHC energies
• Identification of low-momentum muons in the CMS detector using multivariate techniques in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
• Measuring $|V_{ts}|$ directly using strange-quark tagging at the LHC
• Dynamically induced spin-2 mass in a Weyl-invariant framework
• Search for rare decays of the Z and Higgs bosons to a J/$\psi$ or $\psi$(2S) meson and a photon in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Observation of the J/$\psi$ $\to$ ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decay in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for $CP$ violation in events with top quarks and Z bosons at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 and 13.6 TeV
• Measurement of the ratio of the B${}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+}$ $\to$ J/$\psi$${\tau }^{+}{\nu }_{\tau }$ and B${}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+}$ $\to$ J/$\psi$ ${\mu }^{+}{\nu }_{\mu }$ branching fractions using three-prong $\tau$ lepton decays
• Search for b hadron decays to long-lived particles in the CMS endcap muon detectors
• Measurement of the inclusive and differential $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\gamma$ cross sections in the single-lepton channel and EFT interpretation at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for the Higgs boson decays to a ${\rho }^0$, $\varphi$, or K${}^{\ast 0}$ meson and a photon in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• How to Unfold Top Decays
• Multiplicity dependence of charm baryon and charm meson production in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV
• Search for the rare decay D${}^0$ $\to$ ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
• Search for charged lepton flavor violating Z and Z' boson decays in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• General search for supersymmetric particles in scenarios with compressed mass spectra using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for heavy resonances decaying to Z($\nu \bar{\nu }$)V(qq') in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• First exclusive reconstruction of the B${}^{\ast +}$, B${}^{\ast 0}$, and B${}_{\text{s}}^{\ast 0}$ mesons and precise measurement of their masses
• Search for resonances decaying to an anomalous jet and a Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Characterization of the quantum state of top quark pairs produced in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV using the beam and helicity bases
• Search for heavy long-lived charged particles with level-1 trigger scouting data from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
• Observation of the jet diffusion wake using dijets in heavy ion collisions
• Search for flavor changing neutral current interactions of the top quark in final states with a photon and additional jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Measurement of the Higgs boson total decay width using the H $\to$ WW $\to$ e$\nu \mu \nu$ decay channel in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Dijets with a large rapidity separation in the next-to-leading order BFKL formalism for searches of large extra dimensions at colliders
• Search for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for a boosted Higgs boson decaying to bottom quark pairs in association with a W or Z boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for pair production of heavy resonances in final states with a photon and large-radius jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Observation of tWZ production at the CMS experiment
• System-size dependence of charged-particle suppression in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
• Measurement of B meson production fraction ratios in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV using open-charm and charmonium decays
• Application of the matrix element method to Higgs boson pair production in the channel $\text{HH}\to \text{b}\bar{\text{b}}\text{W}{\text{W}}^{\ast }$ at the LHC
• Search for a narrow resonance with a mass between 10 and 70 GeV decaying to a pair of photons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for soft unclustered energy patterns produced in association with a W or Z boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Evidence of ZZ$\gamma$ production and observation of $4\ell \gamma$ in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• High-level hadronic tau lepton triggers of the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
• DeepMET: Improving missing transverse momentum estimation with a deep neural network
• Optimal Mass Variables for Semivisible Jets
• Constraining color-charge effects of partonic energy loss with jet axis-based inclusive jet substructure measurement
• Impact of soft QCD effects over intrajet azimuthal anisotropies
• Defining the Underlying-Event Activity in the Presence of Heavy-Flavour Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at LHC Energies
• Measurement of event shapes in minimum-bias events from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for heavy neutral resonances decaying to tau lepton pairs in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Machine learning-based b-jet tagging in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Search for new physics in jet multiplicity patterns of multilepton events at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for the Z boson decay to $\tau \tau \mu \mu$ in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Suppression of elliptic anisotropy inside jets: A new perspective for jet quenching
• Improving the Direct Determination of $|V_{ts}|$ using Deep Learning
• Search for bottom quark associated production of the standard model Higgs boson in final states with leptons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for a neutral gauge boson with nonuniversal fermion couplings in vector boson fusion processes in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• The Hadronization Impact on $J/\psi$ Energy Correlators: A Pythia8 Study from Partonic to Hadronic Observables
• Measurement of the W boson decay branching fraction ratio $\mathcal{B}$(W $\to$ cq) / $\mathcal{B}$(W $\to$ $\mathrm{q}{\bar{\mathrm{q}}}^{\prime }$) in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Search for Higgsinos in final states with low-momentum lepton-track pairs at 13 TeV