Vector-Boson Scattering at the LHC: unravelling the Electroweak sector

Abstract

Vector-boson scattering (VBS) processes probe the innermost structure of electroweak interactions in the Standard Model, and provide a unique sensitivity for new physics phenomena affecting the gauge sector. In this review, we report on the salient aspects of this class of processes, both from the theory and experimental point of view. We start by discussing recent achievements relevant for their theoretical description, some of which have set important milestones in improving the precision and accuracy of the corresponding simulations. We continue by covering the development of experimental techniques aimed at detecting these rare processes and improving the signal sensitivity over large backgrounds. We then summarise the details of the most relevant VBS signatures and review the related measurements available to date, along with their comparison with Standard-Model predictions. We conclude by discussing the perspective at the upcoming Large Hadron Collider runs and at future hadron facilities.

References in corpus (185)

• Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
• Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC
• The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations
• The anti-k_t jet clustering algorithm
• An Introduction to PYTHIA 8.2
• A Brief Introduction to PYTHIA 8.1
• FastJet user manual
• A general framework for implementing NLO calculations in shower Monte Carlo programs: the POWHEG BOX
• A New Method for Combining NLO QCD with Shower Monte Carlo Algorithms
• Matching NLO QCD computations with Parton Shower simulations: the POWHEG method
• Parton distributions for the LHC Run II
• Herwig++ Physics and Manual
• Matching NLO QCD computations and parton shower simulations
• PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II
• The Minimal Composite Higgs Model
• Herwig 7.0 / Herwig++ 3.0 Release Note
• Comparative study of various algorithms for the merging of parton showers and matrix elements in hadronic collisions
• An update on vector boson pair production at hadron colliders
• Event Generation with Sherpa 2.2
• Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector
• Pileup subtraction using jet areas
• The CMS trigger system
• Soft Drop
• WHIZARD: Simulating Multi-Particle Processes at LHC and ILC
• Automatic spin-entangled decays of heavy resonances in Monte Carlo simulations
• Event generator tunes obtained from underlying event and multiparton scattering measurements
• Jet Trimming
• Higgs as a Holographic Pseudo-Goldstone Boson
• Jet energy scale and resolution in the CMS experiment in pp collisions at 8 TeV
• A custodial symmetry for Zbb
• Muon reconstruction performance of the ATLAS detector in proton--proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV
• Parton distributions with QED corrections
• Performance of electron reconstruction and selection with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Light custodians in natural composite Higgs models
• Topological cell clustering in the ATLAS calorimeters and its performance in LHC Run 1
• Performance of the CMS muon detector and muon reconstruction with proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Performance of pile-up mitigation techniques for jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV using the ATLAS detector
• Electron and photon performance measurements with the ATLAS detector using the 2015-2017 LHC proton-proton collision data
• VBFNLO: A parton level Monte Carlo for processes with electroweak bosons
• Extraction and validation of a new set of CMS PYTHIA8 tunes from underlying-event measurements
• Jet energy scale measurements and their systematic uncertainties in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• The Composite Nambu-Goldstone Higgs
• Parton distributions incorporating QED contributions
• How bright is the proton? A precise determination of the photon parton distribution function
• Higgs production via vector-boson fusion at NNLO in QCD
• Spin determination of single-produced resonances at hadron colliders
• Performance of missing transverse momentum reconstruction with the ATLAS detector using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Composite Higgses
• $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ production at hadron colliders in NNLO QCD
• Fully differential VBF Higgs production at NNLO
• W+W-, WZ and ZZ production in the POWHEG BOX
• Jet Substructure at the Large Hadron Collider: Experimental Review
• On the spin and parity of a single-produced resonance at the LHC
• Performance of photon reconstruction and identification with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Effective Field Theory: A Modern Approach to Anomalous Couplings
• Performance of missing transverse momentum reconstruction in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV using the CMS detector
• Structure Function Approach to Vector-Boson Scattering in pp Collisions
• One-loop leading logarithms in electroweak radiative corrections, I. Results
• Next-to-leading order jet distributions for Higgs boson production via weak-boson fusion
• Electroweak radiative corrections to e+e- --> WW --> 4fermions in double-pole approximation -- the RACOONWW approach
• Electron reconstruction and identification in the ATLAS experiment using the 2015 and 2016 LHC proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• The Photon Content of the Proton
• Illuminating the photon content of the proton within a global PDF analysis
• Top-pair production at the LHC through NNLO QCD and NLO EW
• Vector-boson fusion Higgs production at N${}^3$LO in QCD
• Electroweak Radiative Corrections for Collider Physics
• W+W-, WZ and ZZ production in the POWHEG BOX V2
• $W^{\pm }Z$ production at the LHC: fiducial cross sections and distributions in NNLO QCD
• Pileup mitigation at CMS in 13 TeV data
• p p -> j j e+/- mu+/- nu nu and j j e+/- mu-/+ nu nu at O(α_{em}^6) and O(α_{em}^4 α_s^2) for the Study of the Quartic Electroweak Gauge Boson Vertex at LHC
• Probing color-singlet exchange in $Z+2$-jet events at the LHC
• CT14QED PDFs from Isolated Photon Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Operation of the ATLAS trigger system in Run 2
• Observation of electroweak production of same-sign W boson pairs in the two jet and two same-sign lepton final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Weak corrections to Higgs hadroproduction in association with a top-quark pair
• Vector-Boson Fusion Higgs Pair Production at N${}^3$LO
• QCD corrections to $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ production through gluon fusion
• Probing anomalous Wtb couplings in top pair decays
• Unstable particles in One Loop Calculations
• $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ production at the LHC: fiducial cross sections and distributions in NNLO QCD
• Next-to-leading order QCD predictions for W+W+jj production at the LHC
• Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 4. Deciphering the Nature of the Higgs Sector
• Measurement of $W^{\pm }Z$ production cross sections and gauge boson polarisation in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• VBFNLO: A parton level Monte Carlo for processes with electroweak bosons -- Manual for Version 3.0
• Vector boson fusion at NNLO in QCD: SM Higgs and beyond
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to W+Z and W-Z production via vector-boson fusion
• Measurement of the photon identification efficiencies with the ATLAS detector using LHC Run 2 data collected in 2015 and 2016
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to Z boson pair production via vector-boson fusion
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to W+W- production via vector-boson fusion
• Large electroweak corrections to vector-boson scattering at the Large Hadron Collider
• Radiative corrections to pair production of unstable particles: results for e^+e^- --> 4 fermions
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to W+W+jj and W-W-jj production via weak-boson fusion
• Radiative Corrections to W^+W^- \to W^+W^- in the Electroweak Standard Model
• Measurements of production cross sections of WZ and same-sign WW boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Measurement of vector boson scattering and constraints on anomalous quartic couplings from events with four leptons and two jets in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• NLO electroweak corrections to off-shell top-antitop production with leptonic decays at the LHC
• Electroweak corrections to W-boson pair production at the LHC
• Next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections to $pp\to W^{+}{W}^{-}\to$ 4 leptons at the LHC
• Left-Handed W Bosons at the LHC
• Evidence for exclusive gamma gamma to W+W- production and constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 and 8 TeV
• Observation of electroweak production of a same-sign $W$ boson pair in association with two jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Multi-Boson Interactions at the LHC
• PHANTOM: a Monte Carlo event generator for six parton final states at high energy colliders
• Electroweak gauge boson polarisation at the LHC
• NNLO QCD+NLO EW with MATRIX+OpenLoops: precise predictions for vector-boson pair production
• NLO QCD corrections to the production of Higgs plus two jets at the LHC
• Observation of electroweak $W^{\pm }Z$ boson pair production in association with two jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Some Dipole Shower Studies
• Search for anomalous electroweak production of vector boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
• NLO QCD+EW predictions for $2\ell 2\nu$ diboson signatures at the LHC
• Precise predictions for same-sign W-boson scattering at the LHC
• NLO corrections to electroweak and QCD production of W+W+ plus two jets in the POWHEGBOX
• $ZZ$ production at the LHC: NLO QCD corrections to the loop-induced gluon fusion channel
• NLO QCD corrections for W^+W^- pair production in association with two jets at hadron colliders
• $\order(Γ)$ Corrections to $W$ pair production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ and $\gamma \gamma$ collisions
• Unitarity Constraints on Anomalous Quartic Couplings
• W^+W^+ plus dijet production in the POWHEGBOX
• Complete NLO corrections to ${\mathrm{W}}^{+}{\mathrm{W}}^{+}$ scattering and its irreducible background at the LHC
• Identification and rejection of pile-up jets at high pseudorapidity with the ATLAS detector
• New features in the JHU generator framework: constraining Higgs boson properties from on-shell and off-shell production
• Automated Predictions from Polarized Matrix Elements
• NLO QCD corrections to W+ W+ jj production in vector-boson fusion at the LHC
• NLO QCD corrections to the production of W+ W- plus two jets at the LHC
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to di-photon production in association with up to three jets at the Large Hadron Collider
• Evidence for electroweak production of four charged leptons and two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• NNLOPS accurate predictions for $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ production
• SMEFT analysis of vector boson scattering and diboson data from the LHC Run II
• Fully differential Vector-Boson Fusion Higgs Pair Production at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order
• Measurement of the cross section for electroweak production of a Z boson, a photon and two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV and constraints on anomalous quartic couplings
• Precise QCD predictions for the production of a photon pair in association with two jets
• Interference effects for H --> WW/ZZ --> l anti-nu_l anti-l nu_l searches in gluon fusion at the LHC
• Anomalous quartic gauge couplings and unitarization for the vector boson scattering process $pp\to W^{+}{W}^{+}jjX\to {\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }jjX$
• Ad Lucem: QED Parton Distribution Functions in the MMHT Framework
• Next-to-leading order electroweak corrections to pp -> W+W- -> 4 leptons at the LHC in double-pole approximation
• On the reduction of negative weights in MC@NLO-type matching procedures
• Off-shell production of top-antitop pairs in the lepton+jets channel at NLO QCD
• QCD Corrections and Non-standard Three Vector Boson Couplings in $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ Production at Hadron Colliders
• NLO QCD predictions for doubly-polarized WZ production at the LHC
• Nonfactorizable QCD Effects in Higgs Boson Production via Vector Boson Fusion
• Next-to-Next-to-Leading Electroweak Logarithms for W-Pair Production at LHC
• QCD and electroweak corrections to WZ scattering at the LHC
• $W$ boson polarization in vector boson scattering at the LHC
• Observation of electroweak production of W$\gamma$ with two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• WZ production in association with two jets at NLO in QCD
• Measurements of production cross sections of polarized same-sign W boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• A positive-weight next-to-leading order simulation of weak boson pair production
• Polarized vector boson scattering in the fully leptonic WZ and ZZ channels at the LHC
• An event generator for same-sign W-boson scattering at the LHC including electroweak corrections
• Polarized electroweak bosons in ${\text{W}}^{+}{\text{W}}^{-}$ production at the LHC including NLO QCD effects
• Studies of Dimension-Six EFT effects in Vector Boson Scattering
• NLO QCD+NLO EW corrections to diboson production matched to parton shower
• Electroweak $ZZjj$ production in the Standard Model and beyond in the POWHEG-BOX V2
• $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ production at the LHC: NLO QCD corrections to the loop-induced gluon fusion channel
• Electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Different polarization definitions in same-sign $WW$ scattering at the LHC
• Luminosities for Vector-Boson Vector-Boson Scattering at High Energy Colliders
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to $W^{+}{W}^{+}$ and $W^{-}{W}^{-}$ production in association with two jets
• Next-to-Leading Order Gamma Gamma + 2-Jet Production at the LHC
• Les Houches 2017: Physics at TeV Colliders Standard Model Working Group Report
• Search for the electroweak diboson production in association with a high-mass dijet system in semileptonic final states in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• NLO QCD and EW corrections to vector-boson scattering into ZZ at the LHC
• Logarithmic electroweak corrections to e+ e- -> nue anti-nue W+ W-
• Comparing Traditional and Deep-Learning Techniques of Kinematic Reconstruction for polarisation Discrimination in Vector Boson Scattering
• Parton-shower effects in Higgs production via Vector-Boson Fusion
• Vector-Boson Fusion and Vector-Boson Scattering
• Low-virtuality photon transitions ${\gamma }^{\ast }\to f\bar{f}$ and the photon-to-jet conversion function
• Evidence for electroweak production of two jets in association with a $Z\gamma$ pair in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Electroweak W+W-jj prodution at NLO in QCD matched with parton shower in the POWHEG-BOX
• Fixed-order and merged parton-shower predictions for WW and WWj production at the LHC including NLO QCD and EW corrections
• NLO QCD Predictions for $Wb\bar{b}$ Production in Association with up to Three Light Jets at the LHC
• Observation of photon-induced $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ production in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using the ATLAS detector
• Four lepton production in gluon fusion: off-shell Higgs effects in NLO QCD
• Polarization observables in WZ production at the 13 TeV LHC: Inclusive case
• Parton Shower Matching Systematics in Vector-Boson-Fusion WW Production
• Parton-shower effects in electroweak $WZjj$ production at the next-to-leading order of QCD
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to ZZ production in association with two jets
• SM EFT effects in Vector-Boson Scattering at the LHC
• W γ production in vector boson fusion at NLO in QCD
• Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to $W\gamma$ production in association with two jets
• Vector Bosons and Jets in Proton Collisions
• Physics Opportunities for Vector-Boson Scattering at a Future 100 TeV Hadron Collider
• Loop-induced $ZZ$ production at the LHC: an improved description by matrix-element matching
• ZA production in vector-boson scattering at next-to-leading order QCD
• Diphoton production in vector-boson scattering at the LHC at next-to-leading order QCD
• Exploring the scattering of vector bosons at LHCb

Cited by in corpus (23)

• 50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics
• Les Houches 2021: Physics at TeV Colliders: Report on the Standard Model Precision Wishlist
• Nonresonant Searches for Axion-Like Particles in Vector Boson Scattering Processes at the LHC
• One-loop renormalization of VBS with the electroweak chiral Lagrangian in covariant gauges
• Next-to-leading-logarithmic PanScales showers for Deep Inelastic Scattering and Vector Boson Fusion
• A sensitivity study of VBS and diboson WW to dimension-6 EFT operators at the LHC
• SmeftFR v3 -- Feynman rules generator for the Standard Model Effective Field Theory
• Full NLO predictions for vector-boson scattering into Z bosons and its irreducible background at the LHC
• Polarized ZZ pairs in gluon fusion and vector boson fusion at the LHC
• Like-Sign W-Boson Scattering at the LHC -- Approximations and Full Next-to-Leading-Order Predictions
• Modelling $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ production with rapidity gaps at the LHC
• Polarization measurement for the dileptonic channel of $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ scattering using generative adversarial network
• Tri-boson and WH production in the ${\mathrm{W}}^{+}{\mathrm{W}}^{+}\mathrm{jj}$ channel: predictions at full NLO accuracy and beyond
• Logarithmic corrections to the QCD component of same-sign W-pair production for VBS studies
• Vector boson scattering from the lattice
• Les Houches 2023 -- Physics at TeV Colliders: Report on the Standard Model Precision Wishlist
• Sensitivity to New Physics in final states with multiple gauge and Higgs bosons
• A sensitivity study of triboson production processes to dimension-6 EFT operators at the LHC
• NLO corrections to triple vector-boson production in final states with three charged leptons and two jets
• Vector boson scattering and anomalous quartic couplings in final states with $\ell \nu$qq or $\ell \ell$qq plus jets using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Multi-Jet Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering with Pythia
• Study of same-sign W boson scattering and anomalous couplings in events with one tau lepton from pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Gluon-gluon fusion contribution to the productions of three gauge bosons at the LHC