Realization of density-dependent Peierls phases to engineer quantized gauge fields coupled to ultracold matter

Abstract

Gauge fields that appear in models of high-energy and condensed matter physics are dynamical quantum degrees of freedom due to their coupling to matter fields. Since the dynamics of these strongly correlated systems is hard to compute, it was proposed to implement this basic coupling mechanism in quantum simulation platforms with the ultimate goal to emulate lattice gauge theories. Here, we realize the fundamental ingredient for a density-dependent gauge field acting on ultracold fermions in an optical lattice by engineering non-trivial Peierls phases that depend on the site occupations. We propose and implement a Floquet scheme that relies on breaking time-reversal symmetry (TRS) by driving the lattice simultaneously at two frequencies which are resonant with the onsite interactions. This induces density-assisted tunnelling processes that are controllable in amplitude and phase. We demonstrate techniques in a Hubbard dimer to quantify the amplitude and to directly measure the Peierls phase with respect to the single-particle hopping. The tunnel coupling features two distinct regimes as a function of the modulation amplitudes, which can be characterised by a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$-invariant. Moreover, we provide a full tomography of the winding structure of the Peierls phase around a Dirac point that appears in the driving parameter space.

7+17 pages, 4+7 figures

References in corpus (39)

• Experimental realisation of the topological Haldane model
• Quantum Spin Liquids
• Synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms
• Universal High-Frequency Behavior of Periodically Driven Systems: from Dynamical Stabilization to Floquet Engineering
• Atomic quantum gases in periodically driven optical lattices
• Light-induced gauge fields for ultracold atoms
• Realizing the Harper Hamiltonian with Laser-Assisted Tunneling in Optical Lattices
• Transition from a strongly interacting 1D superfluid to a Mott insulator
• A Mott insulator of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice
• Creating, moving and merging Dirac points with a Fermi gas in a tunable honeycomb lattice
• Topological Bands for Ultracold Atoms
• Real-time dynamics of lattice gauge theories with a few-qubit quantum computer
• Rapidly Rotating Atomic Gases
• Tunable gauge potential for neutral and spinless particles in driven lattices
• Quantum Simulations of Lattice Gauge Theories using Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Short-range quantum magnetism of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice
• Ultracold Quantum Gases and Lattice Systems: Quantum Simulation of Lattice Gauge Theories
• Floquet approach to ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
• Engineering Ising-XY spin models in a triangular lattice via tunable artificial gauge fields
• Lattice gauge theories simulations in the quantum information era
• Statistically induced Phase Transitions and Anyons in 1D Optical Lattices
• Floquet engineering of correlated tunneling in the Bose-Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
• Controlling Correlated Tunneling and Superexchange Interactions with AC-Driven Optical Lattices
• Photons and electrons as emergent phenomena
• Photon-Assisted Tunneling in a Biased Strongly Correlated Bose Gas
• Enhancement and sign change of magnetic correlations in a driven quantum many-body system
• Observation of density-dependent gauge fields in a Bose-Einstein condensate based on micromotion control in a shaken two-dimensional lattice
• The Anyon Hubbard Model in One-Dimensional Optical Lattices
• Creating State-Dependent Lattices for Ultracold Fermions by Magnetic Gradient Modulation
• Probing nearest-neighbor correlations of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice
• Density-Dependent Synthetic Gauge Fields Using Periodically Modulated Interactions
• Simulating an interacting gauge theory with ultracold Bose gases
• Floquet realization and signatures of one-dimensional anyons in an optical lattice
• Floquet dynamics in driven Fermi-Hubbard systems
• Controlling the Floquet state population and observing micromotion in a periodically driven two-body quantum system
• Engineering interactions and anyon statistics by multicolor lattice-depth modulations
• Interaction-Dependent Photon-Assisted Tunneling in Optical Lattices: A Quantum Simulator of Strongly-Correlated Electrons and Dynamical Gauge Fields
• Correlated Spin-Flip Tunneling in a Fermi Lattice Gas
• Coupling ultracold matter to dynamical gauge fields in optical lattices: From flux-attachment to Z2 lattice gauge theories

Cited by in corpus (186)

• Simulating Lattice Gauge Theories within Quantum Technologies
• Tools for quantum simulation with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
• Floquet approach to ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
• Cavity QED with Quantum Gases: New Paradigms in Many-Body Physics
• Quantum Simulation for High Energy Physics
• Observation of gauge invariance in a 71-site Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator
• Realizing a scalable building block of a U(1) gauge theory with cold atomic mixtures
• Thermalization dynamics of a gauge theory on a quantum simulator
• Hilbert-Space Fragmentation from Strict Confinement
• Tailoring quantum gases by Floquet engineering
• Quantum Many-Body Scar States with Emergent Kinetic Constraints and Finite-Entanglement Revivals
• Observation of Domain Wall Confinement and Dynamics in a Quantum Simulator
• Towards simulating 2D effects in lattice gauge theories on a quantum computer
• Search for Efficient Formulations for Hamiltonian Simulation of non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories
• SU(2) hadrons on a quantum computer
• Quantum Simulating Nature's Fundamental Fields
• Towards analog quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories with trapped ions
• A resource efficient approach for quantum and classical simulations of gauge theories in particle physics
• Emerging 2D Gauge theories in Rydberg configurable arrays
• Confinement and lack of thermalization after quenches in the bosonic Schwinger model
• Realization of a density-dependent Peierls phase in a synthetic, spin-orbit coupled Rydberg system
• Disorder-free localization in an interacting two-dimensional lattice gauge theory
• Confined phases of one-dimensional spinless fermions coupled to $Z_2$ gauge theory
• Reliability of lattice gauge theories
• Realizing a 1D topological gauge theory in an optically dressed BEC
• Real-time dynamics of string breaking in quantum spin chains
• Creating quantum many-body scars through topological pumping of a 1D dipolar gas
• Quantum scars of bosons with correlated hopping
• Weak Ergodicity Breaking in the Schwinger Model
• Dynamical spin-orbit coupling of a quantum gas
• Gauge protection in non-Abelian lattice gauge theories
• A gauge redundancy-free formulation of compact QED with dynamical matter for quantum and classical computations
• Prominent quantum many-body scars in a truncated Schwinger model
• Topological pumping in a Floquet-Bloch band
• Prethermalization in one-dimensional quantum many-body systems with confinement
• Tuning the Topological $\theta$-Angle in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators of Gauge Theories
• General quantum algorithms for Hamiltonian simulation with applications to a non-Abelian lattice gauge theory
• Gauging the Kitaev chain
• Framework for simulating gauge theories with dipolar spin systems
• Local measures of dynamical quantum phase transitions
• Stabilizing lattice gauge theories through simplified local pseudo generators
• Parametric instabilities of interacting bosons in periodically-driven 1D optical lattices
• From Quantum Link Models to D-Theory: A Resource Efficient Framework for the Quantum Simulation and Computation of Gauge Theories
• Scar States in Deconfined ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theories
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories and Kitaev's toric code: A scheme for analog quantum simulation
• Bosonic continuum theory of one-dimensional lattice anyons
• Dynamics of domain walls in a Bose-Einstein condensate driven by density-dependent gauge field
• Confinement and Mott transitions of dynamical charges in 1D lattice gauge theories
• Suppressing dissipation in a Floquet-Hubbard system
• Modulational instability and soliton generation in chiral Bose-Einstein condensates with zero-energy nonlinearity
• Scalable cold-atom quantum simulator for two-dimensional QED
• Enhancing disorder-free localization through dynamically emergent local symmetries
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_N$ gauge theories coupled to topological fermions: QED${}_2$ with a quantum-mechanical $\theta$ angle
• Encoding a one-dimensional topological gauge theory in a Raman-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Observing dynamical currents in a non-Hermitian momentum lattice
• Towards the continuum limit of a $(1+1)$d quantum link Schwinger model
• Effective theory of lattice electrons strongly coupled to quantum electromagnetic fields
• Thermalization and Prethermalization in Periodically Kicked Quantum Spin Chains
• Robust topological order in fermionic ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theories: from Aharonov-Bohm instability to soliton-induced deconfinement
• Many-Body Echo
• Many-body non-Hermitian skin effect under dynamic gauge coupling
• Engineering a U(1) lattice gauge theory in classical electric circuits
• Dynamical phase transitions in quantum spin models with antiferromagnetic long-range interactions
• Investigating a (3+1)D Topological $\theta$-Term in the Hamiltonian Formulation of Lattice Gauge Theories for Quantum and Classical Simulations
• Prethermalization and Thermalization in Periodically-Driven Many-Body Systems away from the High-Frequency Limit
• From the Jaynes-Cummings model to non-Abelian gauge theories: a guided tour for the quantum engineer
• Topological Floquet engineering using two frequencies in two dimensions
• Quantum phases of two-dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theory coupled to single-component fermion matter
• Synthetic dimensions for topological and quantum phases: Perspective
• Floquet engineering of individual band gaps in an optical lattice using a two-tone drive
• Doubly Modulated Optical Lattice Clock Interference and Topology
• Visualizing Dynamics of Charges and Strings in (2+1)D Lattice Gauge Theories
• Dynamical quantum phase transitions in spin-$S$ $\mathrm{U}(1)$ quantum link models
• Real-time dynamics in 2+1d compact QED using complex periodic Gaussian states
• Unconventional critical exponents at dynamical quantum phase transitions in a random Ising chain
• Selected topics of quantum computing for nuclear physics
• The optimal frequency window for Floquet engineering in optical lattices
• Strain and pseudo-magnetic fields in optical lattices from density-assisted tunneling
• A Cold-Atom Particle Collider
• Non-Hermitian Skin Effect in Periodically-Driven Dissipative Ultracold Atoms
• Interacting second-order topological insulators in one-dimensional fermions with correlated hopping
• The Hofstadter Butterfly in a Dynamic Cavity-Induced Synthetic Magnetic Field
• Robustness of gauge-invariant dynamics against defects in ultracold-atom gauge theories
• Synthetic Flux Attachment
• Disorder-free localization with Stark gauge protection
• Spin-Nematic Vortex States in Cold Atoms
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_n$ solitons in intertwined topological phases
• Open Quantum-System Simulation of Faraday's Induction Law via Dynamical Instabilities
• Vortex patterns of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in a density-dependent gauge potential
• Fermionization via cavity-assisted infinite-range interactions
• Engineered Nearest-Neighbour Interactions with Doubly Modulated Optical Lattices
• Deconfining disordered phase in two-dimensional quantum link models
• Breaking of the gauge symmetry in lattice gauge theories
• Bound state dynamics in the long-range spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ XXZ model
• Unified Light-Matter Floquet Theory and its Application to Quantum Communication
• Spin-exchange-induced exotic superfluids in a Bose-Fermi spinor mixture
• Ergodicity Breaking Under Confinement in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators
• Circuit-based digital adiabatic quantum simulation and pseudoquantum simulation as new approaches to lattice gauge theory
• Spin exchange-enabled quantum simulator for large-scale non-Abelian gauge theories
• Statistically related many-body localization in the one-dimensional anyon Hubbard model
• A variational Monte Carlo algorithm for lattice gauge theories with continuous gauge groups: a study of (2+1)-dimensional compact QED with dynamical fermions at finite density
• Dynamical localization transition of string breaking in quantum spin chains
• Confinement in 1+1D ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theories at Finite Temperature
• Periodically and Quasi-periodically Driven Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Reliability of lattice gauge theories in the thermodynamic limit
• Quantum aging and dynamical universality in the long-range $O(N\to \infty )$ model
• Achieving spin-squeezed states by quench dynamics in a quantum chain
• Jet Sub-structure in Fireworks Emission from Non-uniform and Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Beyond effective Hamiltonians: micromotion of Bose Einstein condensates in periodically driven optical lattices
• Dynamical gauge fields with bosonic codes
• Quantum spin liquids of Rydberg excitations in a honeycomb lattice induced by density-dependent Peierls phases
• Topological chiral currents in the Gross-Neveu model extension
• Violation of Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis in Quantum Field Theories with Higher-Form Symmetry
• Synthetic ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theories based on parametric excitations of trapped ions
• Realizing and detecting Stiefel-Whitney insulators in an optical Raman lattice
• Novel quantum phases of two-component bosons with pair hopping in synthetic dimension
• Three-dimensional Abelian and non-Abelian gauge Higgs theories
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_N$ lattice gauge theory in a ladder geometry
• Topological Micromotion of Floquet Quantum Systems
• Quantum Simulation of Lattice Gauge Theories on Superconducting Circuits: Quantum Phase Transition and Quench Dynamics
• Large-Scale $2+1$D $\mathrm{U}(1)$ Gauge Theory with Dynamical Matter in a Cold-Atom Quantum Simulator
• Soliton collisions in Bose-Einstein condensates with current-dependent interactions
• Chaotic dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensate in a density-dependent gauge field
• Density Dependent Spin-Orbit Coupling in Degenerate Quantum Gases
• Cosmological particle production in a quantum field simulator as a quantum mechanical scattering problem
• Dynamical localization transition in the non-Hermitian lattice gauge theory
• Vortex nucleation in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with density-dependent gauge potential
• Many-Body Localization from Dynamical Gauge Fields
• Photon-mediated correlated hopping in a synthetic ladder
• Confinement Induced Frustration in a One-Dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory
• Interaction-Induced Second-Order Skin Effect
• Few-to-many vortex states of density-angular-momentum coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Analog simulation of high harmonic generation in atoms
• Charge and spin gaps of the ionic Hubbard model with density-dependent hopping
• Ultrafast control of spin-orbital separation probed with time-resolved RIXS
• Clustered Superfluids in the One Dimensional Bose-Hubbard model with extended correlated hopping
• Anyonic phase transitions in the 1D extended Hubbard model with fractional statistics
• Quantum walk of two anyons across a statistical boundary
• Nonmesonic Quantum Many-Body Scars in a 1D Lattice Gauge Theory
• Harmonic dual dressing of spin one-half systems
• Phase diagram of 1+1D Abelian-Higgs model and its critical point
• Cyclotron dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a quadruple-well potential with synthetic gauge fields
• Synthetic U(1) Gauge Invariance in a Spin-1 Bose Gas
• Gauge-Symmetry Protection Using Single-Body Terms
• Coherence Properties of the Repulsive Anyon-Hubbard Dimer
• Fractionalized holes in one-dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theory coupled to fermion matter -- deconfined dynamics and emergent integrability
• Stable interaction-induced Anderson-like localization embedded in standing waves
• Individually tunable tunnelling coefficients in optical lattices using local periodic driving
• Hidden vortices and Feynman rule in Bose-Einstein condensates with density-dependent gauge potential
• Chiral currents in Bose-Einstein condensates subject to current-density interactions
• Disorder-Free Localization as a Purely Classical Effect
• Towards Quantum Simulating Non-Abelian Gauge Theories
• Learning interacting fermionic Hamiltonians at the Heisenberg limit
• Confinement-Induced Enhancement of Superconductivity in a Spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Fermion Chain Coupled to a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Field
• Toward simulating quantum field theories with controlled phonon-ion dynamics: A hybrid analog-digital approach
• Floquet-driven crossover from density-assisted tunneling to enhanced pair tunneling
• Evolution of an ultracold gas in a non-Abelian gauge fields: Finite temperature effect
• Bosonization study of a generalized statistics model with four Fermi points
• Density-Dependent Gauge Field with Raman Lattices
• Long-range Ising interactions mediated by $\lambda {\varphi }^4$ fields: probing the renormalisation of sound in crystals of trapped ions
• Chiral excitation flows of a multinode network based on synthetic gauge fields
• Cold atoms meet lattice gauge theory
• Non-equilibrium dynamics of fluctuations in an ultra-cold atomic mixture
• Digital quantum simulation and Pseudoquantum Simulation of ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Gauge Higgs Model
• Observation of Emergent ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Gauge Invariance in a Superconducting Circuit
• Chirally-protected state manipulation by tuning one-dimensional statistics
• Engineering an Effective Three-spin Hamiltonian in Trapped-ion Systems for Applications in Quantum Simulation
• Excitation spectrum of vortex-lattice modes in a rotating condensate with a density-dependent gauge potential
• Wegner's Ising gauge spins versus Kitaev's Majorana partons: Mapping and application to anisotropic confinement in spin-orbital liquids
• Mass-Assisted Local Deconfinement in a Confined ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory
• Dots and Boxes Algorithm for Peierls Substitution: Application to Multidomain Topological Insulators
• Density-and-phase domain walls in a condensate with dynamical gauge potentials
• Universal quantum computation and quantum error correction with ultracold atomic mixtures
• Instability and particle current control of a parametrically driven Bose-Einstein condensate in a ring-shaped lattice
• Inter-species topological phases via a dynamical gauge field
• Achieving the quantum field theory limit in far-from-equilibrium quantum link models
• Disorder-Free Localization and Fragmentation in a Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory
• Tunable Magnetic Order in Chiral Coupled Spin Chains
• Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev physics from the Hubbard model: A Floquet engineering approach
• Superconductivity in a system of interacting spinful semions
• Effect of phase string on single-hole dynamics in the two-leg Hubbard ladder
• Mapping as a probe for heating suppression in periodically driven quantum many-body systems
• Robust quantum many-body scars in lattice gauge theories
• Tunable anyonic permeability across ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ spin liquid junctions
• Devil's staircase of topological Peierls insulators and Peierls supersolids
• Localization Dynamics from Static and Mobile Impurities