Density-and-phase domain walls in a condensate with dynamical gauge potentials
arXiv:2212.14195 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.L022058
Abstract
We show how one can generate domain walls that separate high- and low-density regions with opposite momenta in the ground state of a harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate using a density-dependent gauge potential. Within a Gross-Pitaevskii framework, we elucidate the distinct roles of vector and scalar potentials and how they lead to synthetic electromagnetic fields that are localized at the domain wall. In particular, the kinetic energy cost of a steep density gradient is compensated by an electrostatic field that pushes particles away from a special value of density. We show numerically in one dimension that such a domain wall is more prominent for repulsive contact interactions, and becomes metastable at strong electric fields through a first-order phase transition that ends at a critical point as the field is reduced. Our findings build on recent experimental developments and may be realized with cold atoms in a shaken optical lattice, providing insights into collective phenomena arising from dynamical gauge fields.
arXiv comment7 pages, 5 figures
References in corpus (34)
- Feshbach Resonances in Ultracold Gases
- Experimental realisation of the topological Haldane model
- Atomic Scattering in Presence of an External Confinement and a Gas of Impenetrable Bosons
- Dark Solitons in Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms
- Realization of Bose-Einstein condensates in lower dimensions
- Vortices in a trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensate
- Quantum Kibble-Zurek mechanism and critical dynamics on a programmable Rydberg simulator
- Simulating Lattice Gauge Theories within Quantum Technologies
- Tools for quantum simulation with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
- Quantum Simulations of Lattice Gauge Theories using Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
- Ultracold Quantum Gases and Lattice Systems: Quantum Simulation of Lattice Gauge Theories
- Floquet approach to lattice gauge theories with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
- Observation of Dirac Monopoles in a Synthetic Magnetic Field
- Realization of density-dependent Peierls phases to engineer quantized gauge fields coupled to ultracold matter
- Lattice gauge theories simulations in the quantum information era
- Artificial gauge fields in materials and engineered systems
- Vortex solitons: Old results and new perspectives
- Observation of Laughlin states made of light
- A review of gravitational waves from cosmic domain walls
- Universal space-time scaling symmetry in the dynamics of bosons across a quantum phase transition
- Observation of Domain Wall Confinement and Dynamics in a Quantum Simulator
- Towards Quantum Simulating QCD
- Observation of density-dependent gauge fields in a Bose-Einstein condensate based on micromotion control in a shaken two-dimensional lattice
- Spatiotemporal engineering of matter-wave solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates
- Simulating an interacting gauge theory with ultracold Bose gases
- Realizing a 1D topological gauge theory in an optically dressed BEC
- Realizing discontinuous quantum phase transitions in a strongly-correlated driven optical lattice
- Dynamics of domain walls in a Bose-Einstein condensate driven by density-dependent gauge field
- Synthetic Flux Attachment
- Vortex dynamics in superfluids governed by an interacting gauge theory
- Quantized vortices in interacting gauge theories
- Hydrodynamics of nonlinear gauge-coupled quantum fluids
- Gauge transformations and Galilean covariance in nonlinear gauge-coupled quantum fluids