The statistical physics of active matter: from self-catalytic colloids to living cells

Abstract

These lecture notes are designed to provide a brief introduction into the phenomenology of active matter and to present some of the analytical tools used to rationalize the emergent behavior of active systems. Such systems are made of interacting agents able to extract energy stored in the environment to produce sustained directed motion. The local conversion of energy into mechanical work drives the system far from equilibrium, yielding new dynamics and phases. The emerging phenomena can be classified depending on the symmetry of the active particles and on the type of microscopic interactions. We focus here on steric and aligning interactions, as well as interactions driven by shape changes. The models that we present are all inspired by experimental realizations of either synthetic, biomimetic or living systems. Based on minimal ingredients, they are meant to bring a simple and synthetic understanding of the complex phenomenology of active matter.

Lecture notes for the international summer school "Fundamental Problems in Statistical Physics" 2017 in Bruneck

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• Motility-Induced Phase Separation
• Statistical Mechanics of Interacting Run-and-Tumble Bacteria
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• Phase transition in the collective migration of tissue cells: experiment and model
• When are active Brownian particles and run-and-tumble particles equivalent? Consequences for motility-induced phase separation
• Swarming and swirling in self-propelled polar granular rods
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• Hydrodynamic equations for self-propelled particles: microscopic derivation and stability analysis
• Activity-induced phase separation and self-assembly in mixtures of active and passive particles
• A self-propelled particle in an external potential: is there an effective temperature?
• Pattern formation in self-propelled particles with density-dependent motility
• Minimal model for active nematics: quasi-long-range order and giant fluctuations
• Transition from turbulent to coherent flows in confined three-dimensional active fluids
• Effective Interactions in Active Brownian Suspensions
• From Phase to Micro-Phase Separation in Flocking Models: The Essential Role of Non-Equilibrium Fluctuations
• Multidimensional Stationary Probability Distribution for Interacting Active Particles
• Entropy production of active particles and for particles in active baths
• Propagating stress waves during epithelial expansion
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• Activity driven fluctuations in living cells
• Boltzmann-Ginzburg-Landau approach for continuous descriptions of generic Vicsek-like models
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Cited by in corpus (150)

• Statistical Mechanics of Active Ornstein Uhlenbeck Particles
• ESPResSo 4.0 -- An Extensible Software Package for Simulating Soft Matter Systems
• Irreversibility in active matter systems: Fluctuation theorem and mutual information
• Dynamics of a self-propelled particle in a harmonic trap
• Run-and-tumble particle in one-dimensional confining potential: Steady state, relaxation and first passage properties
• Irreversibility and biased ensembles in active matter: Insights from stochastic thermodynamics
• Active Brownian Motion in Two Dimensions
• Irreversibility, heat and information flows induced by non-reciprocal interactions
• Active phase separation by turning toward regions of higher density
• Non-reciprocity across scales in active mixtures
• Run-and-tumble particles in two-dimensions : Marginal position distributions
• Autonomous engines driven by active matter: Energetics and design principles
• Active escape dynamics: the effect of persistence on barrier crossing
• A First-Order Dynamical Transition in the displacement distribution of a Driven Run-and-Tumble Particle
• Exact stationary state of a run-and-tumble particle with three internal states in a harmonic trap
• Active glass: ergodicity breaking dramatically affects response to self-propulsion
• Long time position distribution of an active Brownian particle in two dimensions
• Run-and-Tumble particles in Two-dimensions under Stochastic Resetting
• Active Brownian Motion in two-dimensions under Stochastic Resetting
• Active processes in one dimension
• Response theory: a trajectory-based approach
• Fluctuating motion in an active environment
• Disordered collective motion in dense assemblies of persistent particles
• Morphological computation and decentralized learning in a swarm of sterically interacting robots
• Active engines: Thermodynamics moves forward
• Thermodynamic cycles with active matter
• Current fluctuations in non-interacting run-and-tumble particles in one-dimension
• Rheology of Active Polymer-like T. Tubifex Worms
• Linear response theory and Green-Kubo relations for active matter
• How dissipation constrains fluctuations in nonequilibrium liquids: Diffusion, structure and biased interactions
• The Parental Active Model: a unifying stochastic description of self-propulsion
• Condensation transition in the late-time position of a Run-and-Tumble particle
• Dissipation controls transport and phase transitions in active fluids: Mobility, diffusion and biased ensembles
• Analytic Solution of an Active Brownian Particle in a Harmonic Well
• Stochastic thermodynamics for self-propelled particles
• Thermodynamics of active field theories: Energetic cost of coupling to reservoirs
• Active matter under control: Insights from response theory
• Exact spectral solution of two interacting run-and-tumble particles on a ring lattice
• Confinement-induced Self-Pumping in 3D Active Fluids
• A comparative study between two models of active cluster-crystals
• Distribution of the time of the maximum for stationary processes
• Velocity and diffusion constant of an active particle in a one dimensional force field
• Collective motion in large deviations of active particles
• Nonmonotonic behavior in the dense assemblies of active colloids
• Active matter: quantifying the departure from equilibrium
• Active hard-spheres in infinitely many dimensions
• How irreversible are steady-state trajectories of a trapped active particle?
• Non-equilibrium fluctuations and nonlinear response of an active bath
• The entropy production of an active particle in a box
• Activity-controlled clogging and unclogging of micro-channels
• Irreversibility in active matter: General framework for active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles
• Stochastic Hydrodynamics of Complex Fluids: Discretisation and Entropy Production
• Photo-bioconvection: towards light-control of flows in active suspensions
• Exact position distribution of a harmonically-confined run-and-tumble particle in two dimensions
• Reconfiguration, swelling and tagged monomer dynamics of a single polymer chain in Gaussian and non-Gaussian active baths
• Toward the full short-time statistics of an active Brownian particle on the plane
• Critical behavior of active Brownian particles: Connection to field theories
• Non-Gaussian noise without memory in active matter
• Inclusions, Boundaries and Disorder in Scalar Active Matter
• Microbial Active Matter: A Topological Framework
• Designing, Synthesizing and Modeling Active Fluids
• Entropy production and its large deviations in an active lattice gas
• Optimal navigation strategy of active Brownian particles in target-search problems
• Modeling chemo-hydrodynamic interactions of phoretic particles: a unified framework
• Driven probe under harmonic confinement in a colloidal bath
• Heat fluctuations in a harmonic chain of active particles
• Active matter, microreversibility, and thermodynamics
• Stationary nonequilibrium bound state of a pair of run and tumble particles
• Motility-Induced Clustering and Meso-Scale Turbulence in Active Polar Fluids
• Modelling Active Non-Markovian Oscillations
• Lack of an equation of state for the nonequilibrium chemical potential of gases of active particles in contact
• Non-Gaussian anomalous dynamics in systems of interacting run-and-tumble particles
• Jamming by growth
• Locomotor transitions in the potential energy landscape-dominated regime
• Stationary states of activity-driven harmonic chains
• Current fluctuations in stochastically resetting particle systems
• Switching interacting particle systems: scaling limits, uphill diffusion and boundary layer
• Steady states of active Brownian particles interacting with boundaries
• Interacting, running and tumbling: the active Dyson Brownian motion
• Exactly solvable model of a passive Brownian heat engine and its comparison with active engines
• Optimal mean first-passage time of a run-and-tumble particle in a class of one-dimensional confining potentials
• Stochastic force dynamics of the model microswimmer Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Active forces and energetics
• Polar order, shear banding, and clustering in confined active matter
• Nonequilibrium steady state of trapped active particles
• Motion of an active particle with dynamical disorder
• Run-and-tumble particle in one-dimensional potentials: mean first-passage time and applications
• Work Fluctuations in the Active Ornstein- Uhlenbeck Particle model
• Relating absorbing and hard wall boundary conditions for a one-dimensional run-and-tumble particle
• Molecular theory of Langevin dynamics for active self-diffusiophoretic colloids
• Biased ensembles of pulsating active matter
• Dynamics and steady states of a tracer particle in a confined critical fluid
• Learning how to find targets in the micro-world: The case of intermittent active Brownian particles
• Stochastic resetting and first arrival subjected to Gaussian noise and Poisson white noise
• Scaling behavior of non-equilibrium measures in internally driven elastic assemblies
• Confined run and tumble particles with non-Markovian tumbling statistics
• Diffusion of active particles with angular velocity reversal
• Mesoscopic non-equilibrium measures can reveal intrinsic features of the active driving
• Magnetized granular particles running and tumbling on $S^1$
• Single active particle engine utilizing a non-reciprocal coupling between particle's position and self-propulsion
• Pushing run-and-tumble particles through a rugged channel
• From predicting to learning dissipation from pair correlations of active liquids
• Supersonic kinks and solitons in active solids
• Quantifying dissipation in flocking dynamics: When tracking internal states matters
• Anisotropic run-and-tumble-turn dynamics
• Distribution and pressure of active Lévy swimmers under confinement
• The asymptotic speed of reaction fronts in active reaction-diffusion systems
• Optimal resetting strategies for search processes in heterogeneous environments
• Active particle in a harmonic trap driven by a resetting noise: an approach via Kesten variables
• Diffusive oscillators capture the pulsating states of deformable particles
• Statistical mechanical foundation of Weber-Fechner laws
• A First-Principles Nonequilibrium Deterministic Equation of Motion of a Brownian Particle and Microscopic Viscous Drag
• Hydrodynamic approximations for driven dense colloidal mixtures in narrow pores
• Spatial distributions of non-conservatively interacting particles
• Tagged particle behavior in a harmonic chain of direction reversing active Brownian particles
• Quantifying the non-equilibrium activity of an active colloid
• Mean-field theory for the structure of strongly interacting active liquids
• Adaptive active Brownian particles searching for targets of unknown positions
• Single active particle in a harmonic potential: non-existence of the Jarzynski relation
• Fluctuating hydrodynamics of an autophoretic particle near a permeable interface
• Siegmund duality for physicists: a bridge between spatial and first-passage properties of continuous and discrete time stochastic processes
• Fluctuation Theorems for Heat exchanges between passive and active baths
• Counter-flow induced clustering: Exact results
• Collective Motion in Active Materials: Model Experiments
• Tracer dynamics in an interacting active bath: fluctuations and energy partition
• Emergent short-range repulsion for attractively coupled active particles
• Coupling an elastic string to an active bath: the emergence of inverse damping
• Harmonic chain driven by active Rubin bath: transport properties and steady-state correlations
• Improving estimation of entropy production rate for run-and-tumble particle systems by high-order thermodynamic uncertainty relation
• Dynamically stable optical trapping of thermophoretically active Janus colloids
• Experimental and numerical study of a second-order transition in the behavior of confined self-propelled particles
• Vicsek Model Meets DBSCAN: Cluster Phases in the Vicsek Model
• Species interconversion of deformable particles yields transient phase separation
• Bistability in orbital trajectories of a chiral self-propelled particle interacting with an external field
• Central limit theorem and large deviations for run and tumble particles on a lattice
• Free chiral self-propelled robots compared to active Brownian circle swimmers
• Two-Dimensional Active Brownian Particles Crossing a Parabolic Barrier: Transition-Path Times, Survival Probability, and First-Passage Time
• Correlated escape of active particles across a potential barrier
• Effective interactions in active Brownian particles
• Irreversibility in scalar active turbulence: The role of topological defects
• Ratchet effect and jamming in dense mixtures of active and passive colloids in narrow pores
• Jamming of active particles in narrow pores: Implications for ratchet effect and diffusion coefficient
• Superresolving optical ruler based on spatial mode demultiplexing for systems evolving under Brownian motion
• Optimal power and efficiency of odd engines
• Universal framework for the long-time position distribution of free active particles
• Defining and finding lifelike entities with a lazy filter
• Anonymous leadership and stochastic resonance in collectives of self-propelled robots
• Morphology, Polarization Patterns, Compression, and Entropy Production in Phase-Separating Active Dumbbell Systems
• Absence of $\mathrm{O}(2)$ symmetry in the Vicsek model
• A Rayleigh criterion for mechanical instability: inducing activity by chemo-mechanical coupling
• Activity induced delocalization and freezing in self-propelled systems