Stationary states of activity-driven harmonic chains

Abstract

We study the stationary state of a chain of harmonic oscillators driven by two active reservoirs at the two ends. These reservoirs exert correlated stochastic forces on the boundary oscillators which eventually leads to a nonequilibrium stationary state of the system. We consider three most well-known dynamics for the active force, namely, active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, run-and-tumble process and active Brownian process, all of which have exponentially decaying two-point temporal correlations but very different higher order fluctuations. We show that irrespective of the specific dynamics of the drive, the stationary velocity fluctuations are Gaussian in nature with a kinetic temperature which remains uniform in the bulk. Moreover, we find the emergence of an `equipartition of energy' in the bulk of the system -- the bulk kinetic temperature equals the bulk potential temperature in the thermodynamic limit. We also calculate the stationary distribution of the instantaneous energy current in the bulk which always shows a logarithmic divergence near the origin and asymmetric exponential tails. The signatures of specific active driving become visible in the behavior of the oscillators near the boundary. This is most prominent for the RTP and ABP driven chains where the boundary velocity distributions become non-Gaussian and current distribution has a finite cutoff.

14 pages, 10 figures

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• Harmonic chain driven by active Rubin bath: transport properties and steady-state correlations
• Tracer dynamics in an interacting active bath: fluctuations and energy partition
• Ergodicity bounds for stable Ornstein-Uhlenbeck systems in Wasserstein distance with applications to cutoff stability
• Crossover dynamics and non-Gaussian fluctuations in inertial active chains
• Stationary state of harmonic chains driven by boundary resetting
• Boundary layers, transport and universal distribution in boundary driven active systems