The Frequency Of Binary Star Interlopers Amongst Transitional Discs

Abstract

Using Non-Redundant Mask interferometry (NRM), we searched for binary companions to objects previously classified as Transitional Disks (TD). These objects are thought to be an evolutionary stage between an optically thick disk and optically thin disk. We investigate the presence of a stellar companion as a possible mechanism of material depletion in the inner region of these disks, which would rule out an ongoing planetary formation process in distances comparable to the binary separation. For our detection limits, we implement a new method of completeness correction using a combination of randomly sampled binary orbits and Bayesian inference. The selected sample of 24 TDs belong to the nearby and young star forming regions: Ophiuchus ($\sim$ 130 pc), Taurus-Auriga ($\sim$ 140 pc) and IC348 ( $\sim$ 220 pc). These regions are suitable to resolve faint stellar companions with moderate to high confidence levels at distances as low as 2 au from the central star. With a total of 31 objects, including 11 known TDs and circumbinary disks from the literature, we have found that a fraction of 0.38 $\pm$ 0.09 of the SEDs of these objects are likely due to the tidal interaction between a close binary and its disk, while the remaining SEDs are likely the result of other internal processes such as photoevaporation, grain growth, planet disk interactions. In addition, we detected four companions orbiting outside the area of the truncation radii and we propose that the IR excesses of these systems are due to a disk orbiting a secondary companion

arXiv comment18 pages, 6 Figures, 11 Tables

References in corpus (78)

• PARSEC: stellar tracks and isochrones with the PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code
• Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-Main Sequence Stars
• A Survey of Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars
• The Spitzer c2d Legacy Results: Star Formation Rates and Efficiencies; Evolution and Lifetimes
• New evolutionary models for pre-main sequence and main sequence low-mass stars down to the hydrogen-burning limit
• A Hipparcos census of the nearby OB associations
• Passive irradiated circumstellar disks with an inner hole
• Resolved Images of Large Cavities in Protoplanetary Transition Disks
• A Census of the Young Cluster IC 348
• VOSA: Virtual Observatory SED Analyzer. An application to the Collinder 69 open cluster
• From Molecular Cores to Planet-forming Disks: A SIRTF Legacy Program
• Photoevaporation of protoplanetary discs II: evolutionary models and observable properties
• Ring shaped dust accumulation in transition disks
• Disk Accretion Onto High-Mass Planets
• UV excess measures of accretion onto young very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
• Dust filtration at gap edges: Implications for the spectral energy distributions of discs with embedded planets
• Photoevaporation of protoplanetary discs I: hydrodynamic models
• The Taurus Spitzer Survey: New Candidate Taurus Members Selected Using Sensitive Mid-Infrared Photometry
• The inner regions of protoplanetary disks
• On the Diversity of the Taurus Transitional Disks: UX Tau A & Lk Ca 15
• The Role of Multiplicity in Disk Evolution and Planet Formation
• Unveiling the Structure of Pre-Transitional Disks
• Astrometry of Water Maser Sources in Nearby Molecular Clouds with VERA - II. SVS 13 in NGC 1333
• The Impact of Stellar Multiplicity on Planetary Systems, I.: The Ruinous Influence of Close Binary Companions
• The Truncated Disk of CoKu Tau/4
• Improving Galactic Center Astrometry by Reducing the Effects of Geometric Distortion
• Dust dynamics during protoplanetary disc clearing
• Resolved gas cavities in transitional disks inferred from CO isotopologues with ALMA
• The Shape of the Inner Rim in Proto-Planetary Disks
• The Palomar/Keck Adaptive Optics Survey of Young Solar Analogs: Evidence for a Universal Companion Mass Function
• The AstraLux Large M-dwarf Multiplicity Survey
• The Disk Around CoKu Tau/4: Circumbinary, not Transitional
• Transitional Disks as Signposts of Young, Multiplanet Systems
• A Resolved Census of Millimeter Emission from Taurus Multiple Star Systems
• An Infrared/X-ray Survey for New Members of the Taurus Star-Forming Region
• A Spitzer IRS Study of Infrared Variability in Transitional and Pre-Transitional Disks around T Tauri Stars
• Small vs large dust grains in transitional disks: do different cavity sizes indicate a planet?
• A Spitzer Census of Transitional Protoplanetary Disks with AU-Scale Inner Holes
• Gas density drops inside dust cavities of transitional disks around young stars observed with ALMA
• The Nature of Transition Circumstellar Disks I. The Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud
• Inside-Out Evacuation of Transitional Protoplanetary Disks by the Magneto-Rotational Instability
• The California Molecular Cloud
• A companion candidate in the gap of the T Cha transitional disk
• Planetesimal formation via fragmentation in self-gravitating protoplanetary discs
• On the Transitional Disk Class: Linking Observations of T Tauri Stars & Physical Disk Models
• On the Distance to the Ophiuchus Star-Forming Region
• Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Disks around Classical T Tauri Stars
• Pre-main sequence spectroscopic binaries suitable for VLTI observations
• ALMA Observations of a Gap and a Ring in the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya
• The Nature of Transition Circumstellar Disks III. Perseus, Taurus, and Auriga
• Planet Formation in Binary Stars: The case of Gamma Cephei
• Medium-separation binaries do not affect the first steps of planet formation
• Demographics of Transition Discs in Ophiuchus and Taurus
• Disc Clearing of Young Stellar Objects: Evidence for Fast Inside-out Dispersal
• Deep MIPS Observations of the IC 348 Nebula: Constraints on the Evolutionary State of Anemic Circumstellar Disks and the Primordial-to-Debris Disk Transition
• Dynamical Mass of GJ 802B: a brown dwarf in a triple system
• An ALMA Disk Mass for the Candidate Protoplanetary Companion to FW Tau
• Ruling out Stellar Companions and Resolving the Innermost Regions of Transitional Disks with the Keck Interferometer
• Mapping the shores of the brown dwarf desert. IV. Ophiuchus
• Masses of Astrometrically-Discovered and Imaged Binaries: G 78-28AB and GJ 231.1BC
• A ring-like concentration of mm-sized particles in Sz 91
• No Fossil Disk in the T Tauri Multiple System V773 Tau
• Imaging of the Stellar Population of IC10 with Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics and the Hubble Space Telescope
• Scattered Light from Dust in the Cavity of the V4046 Sgr Transition Disk
• Submillimeter Array Observations of the RX J1633.9-2442 Transition Disk: Evidence for Multiple Planets in the Making
• High resolution observations of the outer disk around T Cha: the view from ALMA
• The long-term evolution of photoevaporating transition discs with giant planets
• Sparse Aperture Masking Observations of the FL Cha Pre-transitional Disk
• The Highly Dynamic Behavior of the Innermost Dust and Gas in the Transition Disk Variable LRLL 31
• Infrared study of transitional disks in Ophiuchus with Herschel
• The Herschel/PACS view of disks around low-mass stars in Chamaleon-I
• A homogeneous analysis of disks around brown dwarfs
• Searching for spectroscopic binaries within transition disk objects
• Spectral Energy Distributions of Young Stars in IC 348: The Role of Disks in Angular Momentum Evolution of Young, Low-Mass Stars
• The Transitional Disk around IRAS 04125+2902
• Transition disks: 4 candidates for ongoing giant planet formation in Ophiuchus (Research Note)
• Star Formation in the rho Ophiuchi Molecular Cloud
• VLBA determinations of the distances to nearby star-forming regions

Cited by in corpus (23)

• The Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA) - I : project description and continuum images at 28 au resolution
• Circumbinary, not transitional: On the spiral arms, cavity, shadows, fast radial flows, streamers and horseshoe in the HD142527 disc
• The Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA)-III: the evolution of substructures in massive discs at 3-5 au resolution
• On the origin of horseshoes in transitional discs
• The Degree of Alignment Between Circumbinary Disks and Their Binary Hosts
• Protoplanetary Disks in $\rho$ Ophiuchus as Seen From ALMA
• Warping a protoplanetary disc with a planet on an inclined orbit
• Alma Survey Of Circumstellar Disks In The Young Stellar Cluster IC 348
• Transition disks: the observational revolution from SEDs to imaging
• The IGRINS YSO Survey I. Stellar parameters of pre-main sequence stars in Taurus-Auriga
• Star-disc (mis-)alignment in Rho Oph and Upper Sco: insights from spatially resolved disc systems with K2 rotation periods
• A giant planet transiting a 3-Myr protostar with a misaligned disk
• Characterization of low-mass companion HD 142527 B
• Determining Dust Properties in Protoplanetary Disks: SED-derived Masses and Settling With ALMA
• Spirals, shadows & precession in HD 100453 -- II. The hidden companion
• New binaries in the epsilon Cha association
• Constraints on a Putative Planet Sculpting the V4046 Sagittarii Circumbinary Disk
• A transitional disk around an intermediate mass star in the sparse population of the Orion OB1 Association
• Binary energy source of the HH 250 outflow and its circumstellar environment
• Dynamics of small grains in transitional discs
• Astrometric view of companions in the inner dust cavities of protoplanetary disks
• Silicate features in the circumstellar envelopes of the Class~I binary driving source of HH250
• Measuring Dust Masses of Protoplanetary Disks in Serpens and L1641/L1647 with ALMA