Cosmic Evolution of Long Gamma-Ray Burst Luminosity

Abstract

The cosmic evolution of gamma-ray burst (GRB) luminosity is essential for revealing the GRB physics and for using GRBs as cosmological probes. We investigate the luminosity evolution of long GRBs with a large sample of 258 {\em Swift}/BAT GRBs. Parameterized the peak luminosity of individual GRBs evolves as $L_{\mathrm{p}}\propto (1+z{)}^k$, we get $k=1.49\pm 0.19$ using the non-parametric $\tau$ statistics method without considering observational biases of GRB trigger and redshift measurement. By modeling these biases with the observed peak flux and characterizing the peak luminosity function of long GRBs as a smoothly broken power-law with a break that evolves as $L_{\mathrm{b}}\propto (1+z{)}^{k_{\mathrm{b}}}$, we obtain $k_{\mathrm{b}}=1.14_{-0.47}^{+0.99}$ through simulations based on assumption that the long GRB rate follows the star formation rate (SFR) incorporating with cosmic metallicity history. The derived $k$ and $k_b$ values are systematically smaller than that reported in previous papers. By removing the observational biases of the GRB trigger and redshift measurement based on our simulation analysis, we generate mock {\em complete} samples of 258 and 1000 GRBs to examine how these biases affects on the $\tau$ statistics method. We get $k=0.94\pm 0.14$ and $k=0.80\pm 0.09$ for the two samples, indicating that these observational biases may lead to overestimate the $k$ value. With the large uncertain of $k_b$ derived from our simulation analysis, one even cannot convincingly argue a robust evolution feature of the GRB luminosity.

arXiv comment37 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (71)

• The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The Supernova -- Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
• Are Gamma-Ray Bursts in Star Forming Regions?
• Gamma-Ray Bursts: Progress, Problems & Prospects
• GRB Formation Rates inferred from the Spectral Peak Energy - Luminosity Relation
• The BATSE Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Catalog. I. High Time Resolution Spectroscopy of Bright Bursts using High Energy Resolution Data
• Swift detects a remarkable gamma-ray burst, GRB 060614, that introduces a new classification scheme
• Connection Between Energy-dependent Lags And Peak Luminosity In Gamma-ray Bursts
• A Photometric Redshift of z ~ 9.4 for GRB 090429B
• Discerning the physical origins of cosmological Gamma-ray bursts based on multiple observational criteria: the cases of z=6.7 GRB 080913, z=8.3 GRB 090423, and some short/hard GRBs
• Revealing the High-Redshift Star Formation Rate with Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The afterglow and elliptical host galaxy of the short gamma-ray burst GRB 050724
• Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Probe of the Very High Redshift Universe
• Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Probe of the Very High Redshift Universe
• Measured Metallicities at the Sites of Nearby Broad-Lined Type Ic Supernovae and Implications for the SN-GRB Connection
• On the Association of Gamma-ray Bursts with Massive Stars: Implications for Number Counts and Lensing Statistics
• Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Swift Era
• The luminosity function and the rate of Swift's Gamma Ray Bursts
• Low Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Unique Population: Luminosity Function, Local Rate, and Beaming Factor
• Model-Independent Multi-Variable Gamma-Ray Burst Luminosity Indicator and Its Possible Cosmological Implications
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Data. I. Spectral Components and Their Possible Physical Origins of LAT/GBM GRBs
• The 2nd Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog: The First Four Years
• A complete sample of bright Swift Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: Sample presentation, Luminosity Function and evolution
• Making a Short Gamma-Ray Burst from a Long one: Implications for the Nature of GRB 060614
• Connecting the Gamma Ray Burst Rate and the Cosmic Star Formation History: Implications for Reionization and Galaxy Evolution
• Constraining ${\Omega }_M$ and Dark Energy with Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Gamma Ray Bursts: new rulers to measure the Universe
• On the Collapsar Model of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: Constraints from Cosmic Metallicity Evolution
• Cosmological Gamma-Ray Bursts and Evolution of Galaxies
• The Cosmic Rate, Luminosity Function and Intrinsic Correlations of Long GRBs
• Extra-galactic high-energy transients: event rate densities and luminosity functions
• The Luminosity and Angular Distributions of Long GRBs
• A comprehensive analysis of Swift/XRT data: I. Apparent spectral evolution of GRB X-ray tails
• Cosmological Aspects of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Luminosity Evolution and an Estimate of the Star Formation Rate at High Redshifts
• Star Formation History up to z = 7.4: Implications for Gamma-Ray Bursts and the Cosmic Metallicity Evolution
• The redshift distribution of SWIFT Gamma-Ray Bursts: evidence for evolution
• An Unexpectedly Swift Rise in the Gamma-ray Burst Rate
• Luminosity Function of Gamma-Ray Bursts Derived Without Benefit of Redshifts
• Low-Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Distinct GRB Population:A Firmer Case from Multiple Criteria Constraints
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Data: III. Energy-Dependent T90 Distributions of GBM GRBs and Instrumental Selection Effect on Duration Classification
• Gamma-ray Burst Cosmology
• On the Redshift Distribution of Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era
• A Survey of Galaxy Kinematics to z ~ 1 in the TKRS/GOODS-N Field. II. Evolution in the Tully-Fisher Relation
• Astrophysics: A burst of new ideas
• Gamma-ray bursts and the history of star formation
• The metallicity dependence of the long-duration GRB rate from host galaxy luminosities
• Post-Launch Analysis of Swift's Gamma-Ray Burst Detection Sensitivity
• The Gamma Ray Burst Luminosity Function in the Light of the Swift 2-year Data
• A New Classification Method for Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Do long-duration GRBs follow star formation?
• GRB090426: the farthest short gamma-ray burst?
• An unexpectedly low-redshift excess of Swift gamma-ray burst rate
• Epeak estimator for Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope
• The long gamma-ray burst rate and the correlation with host galaxy properties
• The "amplitude" parameter of Gamma-Ray Bursts and its implications for GRB classification
• Gamma-ray burst rate: high-redshift excess and its possible origins
• Evidence of Exponential Decay Emission in the Swift Gamma-ray Bursts
• Evidence for Luminosity Evolution of Long Gamma-ray Bursts in Swift Data
• Cosmological Tests Using GRBs, the Star Formation Rate and Possible Abundance Evolution
• How common are long Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Local Universe?
• An Off-line Scan of the BATSE Daily Records and a Large Uniform Sample of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Simulations on High-z Long Gamma-Ray Burst Rate
• Probing the Nature of High-z Short GRB 090426 with Its Early Optical and X-ray Afterglows
• The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst redshift distribution: selection biases and optical brightness evolution at high-z?
• An Evolving Stellar Initial Mass Function and the Gamma-Ray Burst Redshift Distribution
• Quantifying the Luminosity Evolution in Gamma-ray Bursts
• Selection Effects on the Observed Redshift Dependence of GRB Jet Opening Angles
• Determining the luminosity function of Swift long gamma-ray bursts with pseudo-redshifts
• Global Test of a Quasi-Universal Gamma-Ray Burst Jet Model Through Monte-Carlo Simulations
• A redshift - observation-time relation for gamma-ray bursts: evidence of a distinct sub-luminous population
• The Peak Energy Distribution of the nu F_nu Spectra and the Implications for the Jet Structure Models of Gamma-Ray Bursts

Cited by in corpus (21)

• Physics of radiation mediated shocks and its applications to GRBs, supernovae, and neutron star mergers
• On the Cosmological Evolution of Long Gamma-ray Burst Properties
• A comprehensive statistical study on gamma-ray bursts
• X-ray Plateaus in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows and Their Application in Cosmology
• The Luminosity Function and Formation Rate of A Complete Sample of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Revisiting the luminosity and redshift distributions of long gamma-ray bursts
• The Evolution of Gamma-ray Burst Jet Opening Angle through Cosmic Time
• Revisiting the Redshift Distribution of Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era
• High Redshift Long Gamma-Ray Bursts Hubble Diagram as a Test of Basic Cosmological Relations
• An analytic derivation of the empirical correlations of gamma-ray bursts
• How unbiased statistical methods lead to biased scientific discoveries: A case study of the Efron-Petrosian statistic applied to the luminosity-redshift evolution of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Modelling the luminosity function of long Gamma Ray Bursts using SWIFT and FERMI
• Resolving the Excess of Long GRBs at low redshift in the Swift Era
• New evidence of multiple channels for the origin of gamma-ray bursts with extended emission
• The Statistical Similarity of Repeating and Non-Repeating Fast Radio Bursts
• Possible correlations between gamma-ray burst and its host galaxy offset
• Revisiting the Relationship between the Long GRB Rate and Cosmic Star Formation History Based on a Large Swift Sample
• The pulse luminosity function of Swift gamma-ray bursts
• Comparing the birth rate of stellar black holes in binary black hole mergers and long GRBs
• GRBs luminosity function synthesized from \textit{Swift/BAT}, \textit{Fermi/GBM} and \textit{Konus-Wind} data
• A Comprehensive Study of the Energy and Redshift Distributions of the Fast Radio Burst Population Based on the First CHIME/FRB Catalog