Possible correlations between gamma-ray burst and its host galaxy offset

Abstract

We collected the information of 304 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from the literature, and analyzed the correlations among the host galaxy offsets (the distance from the site of the GRB to the center of its host galaxy), $T_{90,\mathrm{i}}$ (the duration $T_{90}$ in rest-frame), $T_{R45,\mathrm{i}}$ (the duration $T_{R45}$ in rest-frame), $E_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$ (the isotropic equivalent energy), $L_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$ ($=E_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}/T_{90,\mathrm{i}}$, the isotropic equivalent luminosity) and $L_{\mathrm{pk}}$ (peak luminosity). We found that $T_{90,\mathrm{i}}$, $T_{R45,\mathrm{i}}$, $E_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$, $L_{\mathrm{pk}}$ have negative correlation with $\mathrm{offset}$, which is consistent with origin of short GRBs (SGRBs) and long GRBs (LGRBs). On separate analysis, we found similar results for $\log E_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$ - $\log (\mathrm{offset})$ and $\log L_{\mathrm{pk}}$ - $\log (\mathrm{offset})$ relations in case of SGRBs only, while no obvious relation for LGRBs. There is no correlations between offset and $L_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$. We also put the special GRB 170817A {and GRB 060218A} on the plots. {The two GRBs both have low luminosity and small offset.} In the $\log (\mathrm{offset})-\log T_{90,\mathrm{i}}$ plot, we found GRB 170817A locates in between the two regions of SGRBs and LGRBs and it is the outlier in the $\mathrm{offset}-E_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$, $\mathrm{offset}-L_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$ and $\mathrm{offset}-L_{\mathrm{pk}}$ plots. Together with GRB 060218A being an outlier in all plots, it indicates the speciality of GRBs 170817A and 060218A, and might imply more subgroups of the GRB samples.

30 pages, 6 figures

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