Statistical Properties of Diffuse Lyman-alpha Halos around Star-forming Galaxies at z~2

Abstract

We present statistical properties of diffuse Lyman-alpha halos (LAHs) around high-$z$ star-forming galaxies with large Subaru samples of Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at $z=2.2$. We make subsamples defined by the physical quantities of LAEs' central Lyman-alpha luminosities, UV magnitudes, Lyman-alpha equivalent widths, and UV slopes, and investigate LAHs' radial surface brightness (SB) profiles and scale lengths $r_n$ as a function of these physical quantities. We find that there exist prominent LAHs around LAEs with faint Lyman-alpha luminosities, bright UV luminosities, and small Lyman-alpha equivalent widths in cumulative radial Lyman-alpha SB profiles. We confirm this trend with the anti-correlation between $r_n$ and Lyman-alpha luminosities (equivalent widths) based on the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient that is $\rho =-0.9$ ($-0.7$) corresponding to the $96\%$ ($93\%$) confidence level, although the correlation between $r_n$ and UV magnitudes is not clearly found in the rank correlation coefficient. Our results suggest that LAEs with properties similar to typical Lyman-break galaxies (with faint Lyman-alpha luminosities and small equivalent widths) possess more prominent LAHs. We investigate scenarios for the major physical origins of LAHs with our results, and find that the cold stream scenario is not preferred, due to the relatively small equivalent widths up to $77$Å in LAHs that include LAEs' central components. There remain two possible scenarios of Lyman-alpha scattering in circum-galactic medium and satellite galaxies that cannot be tested with our observational data.

14 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to MNRAS

References in corpus (13)

• Cold streams in early massive hot haloes as the main mode of galaxy formation
• Formation of Massive Galaxies at High Redshift: Cold Streams, Clumpy Disks and Compact Spheroids
• 3D Lyman-alpha radiation transfer. I. Understanding Lyman-alpha line profile morphologies
• The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS): Subaru Observations of the HST COSMOS Field
• The Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) - II. Optical Imaging and Photometric Catalogs
• Diffuse Lyman-alpha Halos around Galaxies at z=2.2-6.6: Implications for Galaxy Formation and Cosmic Reionization
• A Public, K-Selected, Optical-to-Near-Infrared Catalog of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDFS) from the MUltiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC)
• Lyman alpha Resonant Scattering in Young Galaxies - Predictions from Cosmological Simulations
• A Close Comparison between Observed and Modeled Lyα Lines for z ~ 2.2 Lyman Alpha Emitters
• The HETDEX Pilot Survey V: The Physical Origin of Lyman-alpha Emitters Probed by Near-infrared Spectroscopy
• On the Diffuse Lyman-alpha Halo Around Lyman-alpha Emitting Galaxies
• The Lyman Alpha Reference Sample: III. Properties of the Neutral ISM from GBT and VLA Observations
• Effect of Intergalactic Medium on the Observability of Lyman Alpha Emitters during Cosmic Reionization

Cited by in corpus (68)

• Cool Outflows in Galaxies and their Implications
• The realm of the galaxy protoclusters
• The Cosmic Baryon and Metal Cycles
• Systematic Identification of LAEs for Visible Exploration and Reionization Research Using Subaru HSC (SILVERRUSH). I. Program Strategy and Clustering Properties of ~2,000 Lya Emitters at z=6-7 over the 0.3-0.5 Gpc${}^2$ Survey Area
• Observations of the Lyman-$\alpha$ Universe
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Size of Individual Star-Forming Galaxies at z=4-6 and their Extended Halo Structure
• First Identification of 10-kpc Scale [CII] 158um Halos around Star-Forming Galaxies at z=5-7
• The Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) Survey Design, Reductions, and Detections
• The physics of Lyman-alpha escape from high-redshift galaxies
• The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: Emerging from the Dark, a Massive Proto-Cluster at z~4.57
• Ly$\alpha$ Spectra from Multiphase Outflows, and their Connection to Shell Models
• The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman alpha haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3
• The Mean Ultraviolet Spectrum of a Representative Sample of Faint z~3 Lyman Alpha Emitters
• Ly$\alpha$-Lyman Continuum connection in 3.5 < z < 4.3 star-forming galaxies from the VUDS survey
• The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey VIII : Extended Lyman-alpha haloes around high-redshift star-forming galaxies
• The physical origins and dominant emission mechanisms of Lyman-alpha halos: results from the TNG50 simulation in comparison to MUSE observations
• Morphologies of ~190,000 Galaxies at z=0-10 Revealed with HST Legacy Data. III. Continuum Profile and Size Evolution of Lya Emitters
• A High Fraction of Ly-alpha-Emitters Among Galaxies with Extreme Emission Line Ratios at z ~ 2
• The Ly$\alpha$ Luminosity Function and Cosmic Reionization at $z\sim$ 7.0: a Tale of Two LAGER Fields
• On the contribution of fluorescence to Ly$\alpha$ halos (LAHs) around star forming galaxies
• The Kinematics of Extended Lyman-alpha Emission in a Low Mass, Low Metallicity Galaxy at z = 2.3
• The Diversity of Diffuse Ly$\alpha$ Nebulae around Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshift
• SILVERRUSH. II. First Catalogs and Properties of ~2,000 Lya Emitters and Blobs at z~6-7 Identified over the 14-21 deg2 Sky
• The MUSE-Wide survey: A measurement of the Ly$\alpha$ emitting fraction among $z>3$ galaxies
• Spectral variations of Lyman-alpha emission within strongly lensed sources observed with MUSE
• Equivalent widths of Lyman $\alpha$ emitters in MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep
• Small-scale Intensity Mapping: Extended Ly$\alpha$, H$\alpha$ and Continuum emission as a Probe of Halo Star Formation in High-redshift Galaxies
• SILVERRUSH XI: Constraints on the Ly$\alpha$ luminosity function and cosmic reionization at $z=7.3$ with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam
• Predicting Ly$\alpha$ Emission from Galaxies via Empirical Markers of Production and Escape in the KBSS
• A High Space Density of Luminous Lyman Alpha Emitters at z~6.5
• The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual detections of Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z~2.9-4.4
• Surface Brightness Profile of Lyman-$\alpha$ Halos out to 320 kpc in HETDEX
• Lyman-Alpha Emitter Galaxies at z ~ 2.8 in the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South: I. Tracing the Large-Scale Structure via Lyman-Alpha Imaging
• Ly$\alpha$ Emitters with Very Large Ly$\alpha$ Equivalent Widths, EW${}_0$(Ly$\alpha$) $\simeq 200-400$ Å, at $z\sim 2$
• Modelling of Lyman-alpha Emitting Galaxies and Ionized Bubbles at the Era of Reionization
• The Circumgalactic Medium of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: Resolved Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Modeling of Spatially Extended Lyman-alpha Emission in the KBSS-KCWI Survey
• On the detectability of visible-wavelength line emission from the local circumgalactic and intergalactic medium
• The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: The role of HI kinematics and HI column density on the escape of Lyalpha photons in star-forming galaxies at 2<z<4
• Lyman-alpha radiative transfer: Modeling spectrum and surface brightness profile of Lyman-alpha emitting galaxies at z=3-6
• Rest-frame UV Properties of Luminous Strong Gravitationally Lensed Ly$\alpha$ Emitters from the BELLS GALLERY Survey
• The cosmic web in Lyman-alpha emission
• CHORUS. III. Photometric and Spectroscopic Properties of Ly$\alpha$ Blobs at $z=4.9-7.0$
• Sub-kiloparsec Imaging of Lyman-alpha Emission in a Low Mass, Highly Ionized, Gravitationally Lensed Galaxy at z = 1.84
• The dominant origin of diffuse Ly$\alpha$ halos around LAEs explored by SED fitting and clustering analysis
• CDIM: Cosmic Dawn Intensity Mapper Final Report
• The HETDEX Survey: The Ly$\alpha$ Escape Fraction from 3D-HST Emission Line Galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• Discovery of a Very Bright and Intrinsically Very Luminous, Strongly Lensed Lyα Emitting Galaxy at z = 2.82 in the BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey
• A double-peaked Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter with a strong blue peak multiply imaged by the galaxy cluster RXC J0018.5+1626
• Imaging of diffuse HI absorption structure in the SSA22 proto-cluster region at z = 3.1
• Median Surface Brightness Profiles of Lyman-$\alpha$ Haloes in the MUSE Extremely Deep Field
• Diffuse Lyman-alpha Halos around ~300 Spectroscopically Confirmed Lyman-alpha Emitters at z ~ 5.7
• SILVERRUSH. XI. Intensity Mapping for Lya Emission Extending over $100-1000$ comoving kpc around $z\sim 2-7$ LAEs with Subaru HSC-SSP and CHORUS Data
• The Ly$\alpha$ emission from high-$z$ galaxies hosting strong Damped Ly$\alpha$ systems
• On the evolution of the size of Lyman alpha halos across cosmic time: no change in the circumgalactic gas distribution when probed by line emission
• Gas Accretion and Star Formation Rates
• Probing the Diffuse Lyman-alpha Emission on Cosmological Scales: Lyα Emission Intensity Mapping Using the Complete SDSS-IV eBOSS Survey
• The Ly$\alpha$, CIV, and HeII nebulae around J1000+0234: a galaxy pair at the center of a galaxy overdensity at $z=4.5$
• Spatially-resolved Spectroscopic Analysis of Ly$\alpha$ Haloes: Radial Evolution of the Ly$\alpha$ Line Profile out to 60 kpc
• UV & Ly$\alpha$ halos of Ly$\alpha$ emitters across environments at z=2.84
• Possible evolution of the circum-galactic medium around QSOs with QSO age and cosmic time revealed by Ly$\alpha$ halos
• The Lyman-alpha and Continuum Origins Survey II: the connection between the escape of ionizing radiation and Lyman-alpha halos in star-forming galaxies
• Observations of Ly$\alpha$ Emitters at High Redshift
• The Role of Dust, UV Luminosity and Large-scale Environment on the Escape of Lya Photons: A Case Study of a Protocluster field at z = 3.1
• The miniJPAS Survey: Detection of double-core Lyα morphology of two high-redshift (z>3) QSOs
• The contribution of faint Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters to extended Lyman-$\alpha$ halos constrained by MUSE clustering measurements
• The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey XIV. The evolution of the Lya emitter fraction from z=3 to z=6
• ODIN: A New Lyman Alpha Blob Selection Method, Sample, and Statistical Analysis at $z\sim 3.1$
• Constraining the geometry of the gas surrounding a typical galaxy at $z=3.4$ with Ly$\alpha$ polarization