Methanol Maser Associated Outflows: Detection statistics and properties

Abstract

We have selected the positions of 54 6.7GHz methanol masers from the Methanol Multibeam Survey catalogue, covering a range of longitudes between $20^{\circ }$ and $34^{\circ }$ of the Galactic Plane. These positions were mapped in the J=3-2 transition of both the ${}^{13}\mathrm{CO}$ and ${\mathrm{C}}^{18}\mathrm{O}$ lines. A total of 58 ${}^{13}\mathrm{CO}$ emission peaks are found in the vicinity of these maser positions. We search for outflows around all ${}^{13}\mathrm{CO}$ peaks, and find evidence for high-velocity gas in all cases, spatially resolving the red and blue outflow lobes in 55 cases. Of these sources, 44 have resolved kinematic distances, and are closely associated with the 6.7GHz masers, a sub-set referred to as Methanol Maser Associated Outflows (MMAOs). We calculate the masses of the clumps associated with each peak using 870 $\mu \mathrm{m}$ continuum emission from the ATLASGAL survey. A strong correlation is seen between the clump mass and both outflow mass and mechanical force, lending support to models in which accretion is strongly linked to outflow. We find that the scaling law between outflow activity and clump masses observed for low-mass objects, is also followed by the MMAOs in this study, indicating a commonality in the formation processes of low-mass and high-mass stars.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS

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Cited by in corpus (9)

• ATLASGAL-selected massive clumps in the inner Galaxy III. Dust Continuum Characterization of an Evolutionary Sample
• Monitoring observations of 6.7 GHz methanol masers
• Massive Outflows Driven by Magnetic Effects II: Comparison with Observations
• 6.7GHz Methanol Maser Associated Outflows: An evolutionary sequence
• EVN observations of 6.7 GHz methanol maser polarization in massive star-forming regions III. The flux-limited sample
• Ammonia and CO Outflow around 6.7 GHz Methanol Masers
• EVN observations of 6.7 GHz methanol maser polarization in massive star-forming regions IV. Magnetic field strength limits and structure for 7 additional sources
• The structure and early evolution of massive star forming regions - Substructure in the infrared dark cloud SDC13
• Tracing Embedded Stellar Populations in Clusters and Galaxies using Molecular Emission: Methanol as a Signature of the Low-Mass End of the IMF