The Relation Between Optical Extinction and Hydrogen Column Density in the Galaxy

Abstract

A linear relation between the hydrogen column density (N_H) and optical extinction (A_V) in the Galaxy has long been observed. A number of studies found differing results in the slope of this relation. Here, we utilize the data on 22 supernova remnants that have been observed with the latest generation X-ray observatories and for which optical extinction and/or reddening measurements have been performed and find N_H (cm^-2) = (2.21 \pm0.09) x10^{21} A_V (mag). We compare our result with the previous studies and assess any systematic uncertainties that may affect these results.

to be published in MNRAS

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• New JWST redshifts for the host galaxies of CDF-S XT1 and XT2: understanding their nature
• Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope observations of the intermediate-age cluster GLIMPSE-C01
• Three dimensional projection effects on chemistry in a Planck galactic cold clump
• IGR J14257-6117, a magnetic accreting white dwarf with a very strong X-ray orbital modulation
• Rapid-response radio observations of short GRB 181123B with the Australia Telescope Compact Array
• Searches for Pulsar-like Candidates from Unidentified Objects in the Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT (3FHL) sources with Machine Learning Techniques
• Cold gas mass measurements for the era of large optical spectroscopic surveys
• What's Behind the Elephant's Trunk? Identifying Young Stellar Objects on the Outskirts of IC1396
• X-ray Limits on the Progenitor System of the Type Ia Supernova 2017ejb
• The dusty environment of HD 97300 as seen by Herschel and Spitzer
• Resolving galactic-scale obscuration of X-ray AGN at $z\gtrsim 1$ with COSMOS-Web
• Near-infrared counterparts of three transient very faint neutron star X-ray binaries
• Where is the Western Part of the Galactic Center Lobe Located really?
• Far-ultraviolet Dust Extinction and Molecular Hydrogen in the Diffuse Milky Way Interstellar Medium
• Observational study of hydrocarbons in the bright photodissociation region of Messier 8
• Ionizing stellar population in the disc of NGC 3310 - II. The Wolf-Rayet population
• Infrared study of H1743-322 in outburst: a radio-quiet and NIR-dim microquasar
• Observations of the $\gamma$-ray pulsar J1932+1916 in X-rays
• Revealing Thermal Comptonization of accretion-disk photons in IC4329A with AstroSat
• Properties of the transient X-ray pulsar Swift J1816.7--1613 and its optical companion
• Searching for Magnetar Binaries Disrupted by Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Chandra, NuSTAR, and Optical Observations of the Cataclysmic Variables IGR J17528-2022 and IGR J20063+3641
• X-ray observations of historical classical nova counterparts with eROSITA telescope aboard SRG orbital observatory during the all-sky survey
• Multi-frequency observations of SWIFT J1626.6-5156
• NuSTAR Hard X-ray Observation of the Gamma-ray Binary Candidate HESS J1832-093
• IGR J19308+0530: Roche lobe overflow on to a compact object from a donor 1.8 times as massive
• MAXI J1957+032: an accreting neutron star possibly in a triple system
• The enigmatic double-peaked stripped-envelope SN 2023aew
• ASASSN-16oh: A nova outburst with no mass ejection -- A new type of supersoft X-ray source in old populations
• Classifying IGR J15038-6021 as a magnetic CV with a massive white dwarf
• A 350-MHz Green Bank Telescope Survey of Unassociated Fermi LAT Sources: Discovery and Timing of Ten Millisecond Pulsars
• GGCHEMPY: A pure Python-based gas-grain chemical code for efficient simulation of interstellar chemistry
• The X-ray view of black-hole candidate Swift J1842.5-1124 during its 2008 outburst
• 1RXH J082623.6-505741: a new long-period cataclysmic variable with an evolved donor and a low mass transfer rate
• The Peculiar Bursting Nature of CP Pup
• A new gamma-ray source unveiled by AGILE in the region of Orion
• The Orbital Parameters of the Eclipsing High-Mass X-ray Binary Pulsar IGR J16493-4348 from Pulsar Timing
• Dynamical Modeling of CXOGBS J175553.2-281633: A 10 Hour Long Orbital Period Cataclysmic Variable
• Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Of Active Galactic Nuclei With AstroSat/UVIT
• Evolutionary status of the active star PZ Mon
• Accretion disc by Roche lobe overflow in the supergiant fast X-ray transient IGR J08408-4503
• On The Fine Tuning and Physical Origin of Line-Locked Absorption Systems in Active Galaxies
• An investigation of a magnetic cataclysmic variable with a period of 14.1 ks
• A search for near-infrared counterparts of two faint neutron star X-ray transients : XMMU J174716.1-281048 and SAX J1806.5-2215
• Gemini Spectroscopy of Galactic Bulge Sources: A Population of Hidden Accreting Binaries Revealed?
• A study of the interstellar medium towards the unidentified dark TeV $\gamma$-ray sources HESS J1614-518 and HESS J1616-508
• Spectral Properties of X-ray Binaries in Centaurus A
• Discovery of a Synchrotron Bubble Associated with PSR J1015-5719
• X-ray properties of two transient ULX candidates in galaxy NGC 7090
• Interstellar absorption and dust scattering
• Constraining Spatial Densities of Early Ice Formation in Small Dense Molecular Cores from Extinction Maps
• Spectral analysis of the AMXP IGR J17591-2342 during its 2018 outburst
• Using radial velocities to reveal black holes in binaries: a test case
• The young star population of L1188
• A Transient Sub-Eddington Black Hole X-ray Binary Candidate in the Dust Lanes of Centaurus A
• XMM-Newton Observations of the Peculiar Cataclysmic Variable Lanning 386: X-ray evidence for a Magnetic Primary
• A Multiwavelength Machine-learning Approach to Classifying X-ray Sources in the Fields of Unidentified 4FGL-DR4 sources
• AstroSat view of spectral transition in the changing-look active galaxy NGC1566 during the declining phase of the 2018 outburst
• Population of X-ray Sources in the Intermediate-Age Cluster NGC 3532: a Test Bed for Machine-Learning Classification
• Revisiting the galactic X-ray binary MAXI J1631-479: Implications for high inclination and a massive black hole
• NuSTAR and AstroSat observations of GX 9$+$1: Spectral and temporal studies
• CAHA/PPAK Integral-field Spectroscopic Observations of M81 -- I. Circumnuclear ionized gas
• X-ray evolution of the nova V959 Mon suggests a delayed ejection and a non-radiative shock
• New transient Galactic bulge intermediate polar candidate XMMU J175035.2-293557
• Gas dynamics around a Jupiter mass planet: II. Chemical evolution of circumplanetary material
• XMM-Newton Studies of the Supernova Remnant G350.0$-$2.0
• Probing the Mysteries of the X-Ray Binary 4U 1210-64 with ASM, PCA, MAXI, BAT and Suzaku
• Optical Counterparts of an Ultraluminous X-Ray Source X-1 in NGC 2500
• The Unusually Luminous Extragalactic Nova SN 2010U
• X-ray emission in the enigmatic CVSO 30 system
• A Supernova Remnant Counterpart for HESS J1832-085
• Identifying four $INTEGRAL$ sources in the Galactic Plane via VLT/optical and $XMM$-$Newton$/X-ray spectroscopy
• The X-Rays wind connection in PG 2112+059
• The Importance of Dust Distribution in Ionizing-photon Escape: NIRCam and MIRI Imaging of a Lyman Continuum-emitting Galaxy at z ~ 3.8
• Multi-wavelength observations of 2HWC J1928+177: dark accelerator or new TeV gamma-ray binary?
• The Large Deficit of HMXB Emission from Luminous Infrared Galaxies: the Case of the Circumnuclear Starburst Ring in NGC 7552
• FAST search for circumstellar atomic hydrogen--I: the young planetary nebula IC 4997
• Multiwavelength Observations of the Runaway Binary HD 15137
• Identification of an X-ray Pulsar in the BeXRB system IGR J18219$-$1347
• The origin of the soft excess in the luminous quasar HE 1029-1401
• A Simulated Galaxy Laboratory: Exploring the Observational Effects on UV Spectral Absorption Line Measurements
• High Resolution Observations of HI in the IC 63 Reflection Nebula
• Discovery of an X-ray Emitting Contact Binary System 2MASS J11201034$-$2201340
• Investigating the nature of IGR J17454-2919 using X-ray and Near-Infrared observations
• A Code to Make Your Own Synthetic ObservaTIonS (MYOSOTIS)
• A new correlation with lower kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillation frequency in the ensemble of low-mass X-ray binaries
• The pros and cons of the inversion method approach to derive 3D dust emission properties of the ISM: the Hi-GAL field centred on (l,b)=(30${}^{\circ }$,0${}^{\circ }$)
• Source identification in the IGR J17448-3232 field: discovery of the Scorpius galaxy cluster
• On the origin of the near-infrared emission from the neutron-star low-mass X-ray binary GX 9+1
• Chandra Observations of NuSTAR Serendipitous Sources near the Galactic Plane
• LB-1 is inconsistent with the X-ray source population and pulsar-black hole binary searches in the Milky Way
• An unusual transient following the short GRB 071227
• TIC 5724661: A Long-Period Binary with a Pulsating sdB Star and $\delta$ Scuti Variable
• Maser Emission toward the Infrared Dark Cloud G359.94+0.17 Seen in Silhouette against the Galactic Center
• Betelgeuse's Buddy: X-Ray Constraints on the Nature of $\alpha$ Ori B
• Chemical properties of two dense cores in a Planck Galactic Cold Clump G168.72-15.48
• The Cosmic-Ray Induced Sputtering Process On Icy Grains
• TCP J07222683$+$6220548: a new AM CVn type system with infrequent outbursts
• Constraining the nature of the accreting binary in CXOGBS J174623.5-310550
• Widespread subsonic turbulence in Ophiuchus North 1
• Luminous, rapidly declining supernovae as stripped transitional objects in low metallicity environments: the case of SN 2022lxg
• The Galactic Center in Color: Measuring Extinction with High-Proper-Motion Stars
• The lack of X-ray pulsations in the extreme helium star BD+37${}^{\circ }$442 and its possible stellar wind X-ray emission
• Bubble in the Whale: Identifying the Optical Counterparts and Extended Nebula for the Ultraluminous X-ray Sources in NGC 4631
• A half-ring of ionized circumstellar material trapped in the magnetosphere of a white dwarf merger remnant
• The MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey (MALS) data release 3: Cold atomic gas associated with the Milky Way
• On the diversification and dissipation of protoplanetary disks
• Characterising the short-orbital period X-ray transient Swift J1910.2-0546
• The Correlation Between Dust and Gas Contents in Molecular Clouds
• The strongly irradiated planets in Praesepe
• On the Possibility of Direct Detection of the Emission of Microlens MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 -- a Probable Black Hole
• NeuralPDR: Neural Differential Equations as surrogate models for Photodissociation Regions
• Unveiling the origin of the optical/UV emission from the Galactic ULX Swift J0243.6+6124 during its 2017-2018 giant outburst
• Effects of precession versus instabilities on the jets of GRS 1758-258
• A closer look at NGC 7314 nuclear region: a multiwavelength analysis of the Seyfert nucleus and its surroundings
• First X-ray dectection of the young variable V1180 Cas
• Photometric variability of the pre-main sequence stars towards the Sh 2-190 region
• Constraining soft and hard X-ray irradiation in ultraluminous X-ray sources
• Gas dynamics in the star forming region G18.148$-$0.283: Is it a manifestation of two colliding molecular clouds?
• SRG/eROSITA 3D mapping of the ISM using X-ray absorption spectroscopy
• SXP7.92: A Recently Rediscovered Be/X-ray Binary in the Small Magellanic Cloud, Viewed Edge On
• Peculiar objects in the birthplaces of radio pulsars -- stellar-mass black hole candidates
• Modeling the Photometric Variability of Alpha${}^2$ CVn with a Dynamical Magnetosphere
• AT 2016dah and AT 2017fyp: the first classical novae discovered within a tidal stream
• Spectroscopic Studies of an Ultraluminous Supersoft X-Ray Source in M81
• Suzaku Observation of Diffuse X-Ray Emission from a Southwest Region of the Carina Nebula
• Late afterglows of GW/GRB 170817A
• Hot Gas in the Galactic Thick Disk and Halo Near the Draco Cloud
• A First Look at the X-ray Population of the Young Massive Cluster VVV CL077
• Linear filament and nested cluster evolution tomography (LANCET) I. Capture the evolution of dense gas in 14-parsec filament G316.8
• Exploring circumstellar chemistry in X-ray emitting AGB stars
• SOFIA/upGREAT far-infrared spectroscopy of bright rimmed pillars in IC 1848
• Indications of magnetic accretion in Swift J0826.2-7033
• Fading Echoes of Interaction: Probing Centuries of Preexplosion Mass-Loss in Four Type IIn Supernovae
• On volume density and star formation in nearby molecular clouds
• Perseus cluster in its X-ray entirety with SRG/eROSITA. Merger and Radio-Uroboroses
• A study of the photometric and spectroscopic variations of the prototypical FU Orionis-type star V1057 Cyg
• Self-consistent population synthesis of AGN from observational constraints in the X-rays
• Exploring the pattern of the Galactic HI foreground of GRBs with the ATCA
• First studies of the diffuse X-ray emission in the Large Magellanic Cloud with eROSITA
• CO Structures with Narrow Lines in Nearby Quiescent Regions
• A search for optical counterparts in quiescent black hole X-ray transients
• Evidence for optical pulsations from a redback millisecond pulsar
• AstroSat/UVIT far and near UV deep field around IC 4329A
• Jet-Cocoon Geometry in the Optically Dark, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Burst 201216C
• Photoevaporation of protoplanetary disks by Far-UV photons arising from neighbouring massive stars: observation of proplyds and modelling
• Low-efficiency long gamma-ray bursts: A case study with AT2020blt
• Late-time evolution of the interacting stripped-envelope supernova 2017dio
• Planet formation in intermediate-separation binary systems
• A multi-wavelength study of GRS 1716-249 in outburst : constraints on its system parameters
• ESO 137-002: a large spiral undergoing edge-on ram-pressure stripping with little star formation in the tail
• Broad-band spectral energy distribution of the X-ray transient Swift J1745-26 from outburst to quiescence
• Probing Polarization and the Role of Magnetic Fields in Cloud Destruction in the Keyhole Nebula
• On The Nature of Einstein Probe Transient EP250916a: Insights from X-ray, Optical, and Radio Observations
• Classification of IGR J20084+3221 as an Intermediate Polar using X-ray and Optical Observations
• Mapping Interstellar Ice Inventory toward Class 0 Protostars in Star-forming Region Orion A with JWST Data
• A newly born spider system at the core of a radio shell: Evidence for a low-energy supernova