The disk of FU Orionis viewed with MATISSE/VLTI: first interferometric observations in $L$ and $M$ bands

Abstract

The disk of FU Orionis is marginally resolved with MATISSE, suggesting that the region emitting in the thermal infrared is rather compact. An upper limit of $\sim 1.3\pm 0.1$ mas (in $L$) can be given for the diameter of the disk region probed in the $L$ band, corresponding to 0.5 au at the adopted Gaia EDR3 distance. This represents the hot, gaseous region of the accretion disk. The $N$-band data indicate that the dusty passive disk is silicate-rich. Only the innermost region of said dusty disk is found to emit strongly in the $N$ band, and it is resolved at an angular size of $\sim 5$ mas, which translates to a diameter of about 2 au. The observations therefore place stringent constraints for the outer radius of the inner accretion disk. Dust radiative transfer simulations with RADMC-3D provide adequate fits to the spectral energy distribution from the optical to the submillimeter and to the interferometric observables when opting for an accretion rate $\dot{M}\sim 2\times 10^{-5}{M}_{\odot }$ yr${}^{-1}$ and assuming $M_{\ast }=0.6M_{\odot }$. Most importantly, the hot inner accretion disk's outer radius can be fixed at 0.3 au. The outer radius of the dusty disk is placed at 100 au, based on constraints from scattered-light images in the literature. The dust mass contained in the disk is $2.4\times 10^{-4}{M}_{\odot }$, and for a typical gas-to-dust ratio of 100, the total mass in the disk is approximately 0.02 $M_{\odot }$. We did not find any evidence for a nearby companion in the current interferometric data, and we tentatively explored the case of disk misalignment. For the latter, our modeling results suggest that the disk orientation is similar to that found in previous imaging studies by ALMA. Should there be an asymmetry in the very compact, inner accretion disk, this might be resolved at even smaller spatial scales ($\le 1$ mas).

arXiv comment17 pages, 14 figures, to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics

References in corpus (38)

• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• Dust Grain Size Distributions and Extinction in the Milky Way, LMC, and SMC
• Estimating distances from parallaxes. V: Geometric and photogeometric distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia Early Data Release 3
• HI4PI: A full-sky HI survey based on EBHIS and GASS
• A 3D Dust Map Based on Gaia, Pan-STARRS 1 and 2MASS
• The Relation Between Optical Extinction and Hydrogen Column Density in the Galaxy
• Consistent dust and gas models for protoplanetary disks. I. Disk shape, dust settling, opacities, and PAHs
• Modeling optical properties of cosmic dust grains using a distribution of hollow spheres
• A Near-IR Spectroscopic Survey of FU Orionis Objects
• The Hot Inner Disk of FU Ori
• A triple star system with a misaligned and warped circumstellar disk shaped by disk tearing
• Circumstellar Disks of the Most Vigorously Accreting Young Stars
• Spitzer-IRS Observations of FU Orionis Objects
• Mid-infrared size survey of Young Stellar Objects: Description of Keck segment-tilting experiment and basic results
• New insights on the AU-scale circumstellar structure of FU Orionis
• FU Orionis resolved by infrared long baseline interferometry at a 2-AU scale
• FU Orionis: A Binary Star?
• Flickering in FU Orionis
• A catalogue of stellar diameters and fluxes for mid-infrared interferometry
• Global 3-D Radiation Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations for FU Ori's Accretion Disk and Observational Signatures of Magnetic Fields
• Resolving the FU Ori System with ALMA: Interacting Twin Disks?
• Long-wavelength excesses of FU Orionis objects: flared outer disks or infalling envelopes?
• Near-Infrared High-Resolution Imaging Polarimetry of FU Ori-Type Objects: Towards A Unified Scheme for Low-Mass Protostellar Evolution
• GW Ori: Interactions Between a Triple-star System and its Circumtriple Disk in Action
• FU Orionis - The MIDI/VLTI Perspective
• The asymmetric inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in the eyes of VLTI/MATISSE: evidence for a vortex?
• An Analysis of the Environments of FU Orionis Objects with Herschel
• Massive compact disks around FU Orionis-type young eruptive stars revealed by ALMA
• A 1.3 mm SMA Survey of 29 Variable Young Stellar Objects
• Millimeter-sized Dust Grains Appear Surviving the Water-sublimating Temperature in the Inner 10 au of the FU Ori Disk
• A concordant scenario to explain FU Ori from deep centimeter and millimeter interferometric observations
• The Early ALMA View of the FU Ori Outburst System
• Irregular dust features around intermediate-mass young stars with GPI: signs of youth or misaligned disks?
• Diagnosing 0.1-10 au scale morphology of the FU\,Ori disk using ALMA and VLTI/GRAVITY
• Viscous Heating and Boundary Layer Accretion in the Disk of Outbursting Star FU Orionis
• Insights into the inner regions of the FU Orionis disc
• The Mid-Infrared Evolution of the FU Orionis Disk
• Spatial distribution of the aromatic and aliphatic carbonaceous nano-grain features in the protoplanetary disk around HD 100546

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Extreme evaporation of planets in hot thermally unstable protoplanetary discs: the case of FU Ori
• The Gaia alerted fading of the FUor-type star Gaia21elv
• Photometric and spectroscopic study of the EXor-like eruptive young star Gaia19fct
• Modeling the Multiwavelength Evolution of the V960 Mon System
• Gaia21bty: An EXor lightcurve exhibiting an FUor spectrum
• FU Orionis disk outburst: evidence for a gravitational instability scenario triggered in a magnetically dead zone
• Time-dependent response of protoplanetary disk temperature to an FU Ori-type luminosity outburst
• Gaia20bdk -- a new FUor in Sh 2-301 Star Forming Region
• The hot corino-like chemistry of four FUor-like protostars
• Simulation of a protoplanetary disk accretion activity due to a collision with a gas stream