Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Massive Red-Sequence-Selected Galaxy Cluster at z = 1.34 in the SpARCS-South Cluster Survey

Abstract

The Spitzer Adaptation of the Red-sequence Cluster Survey (SpARCS) is a z'-passband imaging survey, consisting of deep (z' ~ 24 AB) observations made from both hemispheres using the CFHT 3.6m and CTIO 4m telescopes. The survey was designed with the primary aim of detecting galaxy clusters at z >~ 1. In tandem with pre-existing 3.6um observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope SWIRE Legacy Survey, SpARCS detects clusters using an infrared adaptation of the two-filter red-sequence cluster technique. The total effective area of the SpARCS cluster survey is 41.9 deg^2. In this paper, we provide an overview of the 13.6 deg^2 Southern CTIO/MOSAICII observations. The 28.3 deg^2 Northern CFHT/MegaCam observations are summarized in a companion paper by Muzzin et al. (2008). In this paper, we also report spectroscopic confirmation of SpARCS J003550-431224, a very rich galaxy cluster at z = 1.335, discovered in the ELAIS-S1 field. To date, this is the highest spectroscopically confirmed redshift for a galaxy cluster discovered using the red-sequence technique. Based on nine confirmed members, SpARCS J003550-431224 has a preliminary velocity dispersion of 1050 +/- 230 km/s. With its proven capability for efficient cluster detection, SpARCS is a demonstration that we have entered an era of large, homogeneously-selected z > 1 cluster surveys.

10 pages, 6 Figures, Submitted to the ApJ

References in corpus (35)

• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• The Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) for the Spitzer Space Telescope
• The Spitzer Space Telescope Mission
• Evolutionary population synthesis: models, analysis of the ingredients and application to high-z galaxies
• SWIRE: The SIRTF Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic Survey
• A New Method For Galaxy Cluster Detection I: The Algorithm
• A MaxBCG Catalog of 13,823 Galaxy Clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey I: The Survey and Cluster Catalogs for Patches RCS0926+37 and RCS1327+29
• The ROSAT Deep Cluster Survey: the X-ray Luminosity Function out to z=0.8
• The Observational Distribution of Internal Velocity Dispersions in Nearby Galaxy Clusters
• The Palomar Distant Cluster Survey: I. The Cluster Catalog
• Clusters of Galaxies in the First Half of the Universe from the IRAC Shallow Survey
• The Gemini Deep Deep Survey: I. Introduction to the Survey, Catalogs and Composite Spectra
• The Average Mass Profile of Galaxy Clusters
• MaxBCG: A Red Sequence Galaxy Cluster Finder
• Advanced Camera for Surveys Photometry of the Cluster RDCS1252.9-2927: The Color-Magnitude Relation at z=1.24
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey First Data Release
• The IRAC Shallow Survey
• The EMSS catalog of X-ray-selected clusters of galaxies. I. An atlas of CCD images of 41 distant clusters
• Evolution of the Color-Magnitude Relation in Galaxy Clusters at z ~1 from the ACS Intermediate Redshift Cluster Survey
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of Two Massive Red-Sequence-Selected Galaxy Clusters at z ~ 1.2 in the SpARCS-North Cluster Survey
• An X-ray Selected Galaxy Cluster at z=1.26
• Photometric Redshifts in the IRAC Shallow Survey
• A Very Hot, High Redshift Cluster of Galaxies: More Trouble for Omega_0 = 1
• EDisCS -- the ESO Distant Cluster Survey -- Sample Definition and Optical Photometry
• An IR-Selected Galaxy Cluster at z = 1.41
• Clustering at High Redshift: Precise Constraints from a Deep, Wide Area Survey
• The Infrared Array Camera component of the Spitzer Space Telescope Extragalactic First Look Survey
• The Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey - The Catalog
• A Quantitative Measure of the Richness of Galaxy Clusters
• HAWK-I imaging of the X-ray luminous galaxy cluster XMMU J2235.3-2557: The red sequence at z=1.39
• Evolution in the Color-Magnitude Relation of Early-Type Galaxies in Clusters of Galaxies at z~=1
• The Evolution of Dusty Star Formation and Stellar Mass Assembly in Clusters: Results from the IRAC 3.6um, 4.5um, 5.8um and 8.0um Cluster Luminosity Functions
• Near-Infrared Properties of Moderate-Redshift Galaxy Clusters: Halo Occupation Number, Mass-to-Light Ratios and Omega_m
• Spectroscopy of moderately high-redshift RCS-1 clusters

Cited by in corpus (139)

• Observational Probes of Cosmic Acceleration
• Ancient Light from Young Cosmic Cities: Physical and Observational Signatures of Galaxy Proto-Clusters
• The Gemini Cluster Astrophysics Spectroscopic Survey (GCLASS): The Role of Environment and Self-Regulation in Galaxy Evolution at z ~ 1
• The realm of the galaxy protoclusters
• A Spitzer-Selected Galaxy Cluster at z=1.62
• Galaxy Clusters around radio-loud AGN at 1.3 < z < 3.2 as seen by Spitzer
• Evidence for Significant Growth in the Stellar Mass of Brightest Cluster Galaxies over the Past 10 Billion Years
• The XMM Cluster Survey: Optical analysis methodology and the first data release
• The Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (SERVS): survey definition and goals
• An optically-selected cluster catalog at redshift 0.1<z<1.1 from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program S16A data
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of Two Massive Red-Sequence-Selected Galaxy Clusters at z ~ 1.2 in the SpARCS-North Cluster Survey
• The Phase Space and Stellar Populations of Cluster Galaxies at z ~ 1: Simultaneous Constraints on the Location and Timescale of Satellite Quenching
• Tracing the Star Formation-Density Relation to z~2
• Multi-wavelength study of XMMU J2235.3-2557: the most massive galaxy cluster at z > 1
• The XMM Cluster Survey: Active Galactic Nuclei and Starburst Galaxies in XMMXCS J2215.9-1738 at z=1.46
• A Comparative Study of Density Field Estimation for Galaxies: New Insights into the Evolution of Galaxies with Environment in COSMOS out to z~3
• Evidence for a change in the dominant satellite galaxy quenching mechanism at z=1
• Discovery and Cosmological Implications of SPT-CL J2106-5844, the Most Massive Known Cluster at z > 1
• The environmental dependence of the stellar mass function at z~1: Comparing cluster and field between the GCLASS and UltraVISTA surveys
• Discovery of a Rich Cluster at z = 1.63 using the Rest-Frame 1.6um "Stellar Bump Sequence" Method
• The LOFAR Two Metre Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 1 -- III. Host-galaxy identifications and value added catalogues
• The importance of major mergers in the build up of stellar mass in brightest cluster galaxies at z=1
• Cluster galaxies in XMMU J2235-2557: galaxy population properties in most massive environments at z~1.4
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields: The star formation rate - radio luminosity relation at low frequencies
• Stellar mass function of cluster galaxies at z $\sim$ 1.5: evidence for reduced quenching efficiency at high redshift
• The X-ray luminous galaxy cluster population at 0.9<z<~1.6 as revealed by the XMM-Newton Distant Cluster Project
• The Mid-Infrared Environments of High-Redshift Radio Galaxies
• ALMA Observations of Gas-Rich Galaxies in z~1.6 Galaxy Clusters: Evidence for Higher Gas Fractions in High-Density Environments
• The GOGREEN Survey: A deep stellar mass function of cluster galaxies at 1.0<z<1.4 and the complex nature of satellite quenching
• Evidence for strong evolution in galaxy environmental quenching efficiency between z = 1.6 and z = 0.9
• OzDES multi-object fibre spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey: Results and second data release
• The Spitzer-HETDEX Exploratory Large-Area Survey
• The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS): A quiescent formation of massive red-sequence galaxies over the past 9 Gyr
• Molecular gas reservoirs in cluster galaxies at z=1.46
• The Evolution of Environmental Quenching Timescales to $z\sim 1.6$
• Avoiding progenitor bias: The structural and mass evolution of Brightest Group and Cluster Galaxies in Hierarchical models since z~1
• The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of Three Red-Sequence Selected Galaxy Clusters at z=0.87, 1.16 and 1.21 from the SpARCS Survey
• The evolution of the quenching of star formation in cluster galaxies since z $\sim$ 1
• A Census of Stellar Mass in 10 Massive Haloes at z~1 from the GCLASS Survey
• An Intensive HST Survey for z>1 Supernovae by Targeting Galaxy Clusters
• The GOGREEN survey: The environmental dependence of the star-forming galaxy main sequence at $1.0<z<1.5$
• SPT-CL J0205-5829: A z = 1.32 Evolved Massive Galaxy Cluster in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Survey
• Galaxy formation with L-GALAXIES: Modelling the environmental dependency of galaxy evolution and comparing with observations
• Persistence of the Color-Density Relation and Efficient Environmental Quenching to $z\sim 1.4$
• Gemini Observations of Galaxies in Rich Early Environments (GOGREEN) I: Survey Description
• Deep observations of CO line emission from star-forming galaxies in a cluster candidate at z=1.5
• Evidence for the inside-out growth of the stellar mass distribution in galaxy clusters since z~1
• HST/WFC3 grism observations of $z\sim 1$ clusters: The cluster vs. field stellar mass-size relation and evidence for size growth of quiescent galaxies from minor mergers
• An Extreme Starburst in Close Proximity to the Central Galaxy of a Rich Galaxy Cluster at z=1.7
• A Kinematic Approach To Assessing Environmental Effects: Star-Forming Galaxies in a z~0.9 SpARCS cluster using Spitzer 24um Observations
• The red-sequence of 72 WINGS local galaxy clusters
• Protocluster Discovery in Tomographic Ly$\alpha$ Forest Flux Maps
• The GOGREEN survey: Post-infall environmental quenching fails to predict the observed age difference between quiescent field and cluster galaxies at z>1
• Rapid early coeval star formation and assembly of the most massive galaxies in the universe
• Cosmic evolution of low-excitation radio galaxies in the LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey Deep Fields
• The GOGREEN and GCLASS Surveys: First Data Release
• Resolving CO (2-1) in z~1.6 Gas-Rich Cluster Galaxies with ALMA: Rotating Molecular Gas Disks with Possible Signatures of Gas Stripping
• The WIRCAM Deep Infrared Cluster Survey I: Groups and Clusters at z > 1.1
• The Evolution of Dusty Star formation in Galaxy Clusters to z = 1: Spitzer IR Observations of the First Red-Sequence Cluster Survey
• The rate of Type-Ia supernovae in galaxy clusters and the delay-time distribution out to redshift 1.75
• The Phase Space of z~1.2 SpARCS Clusters: Using Herschel to probe Dust Temperature as a Function of Environment and Accretion History
• Lensing Magnification: A novel method to weigh high-redshift clusters and its application to SpARCS
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS). XXIV. The Red Sequence to $\sim$10${}^6$ L${}_{\odot }$ and Comparisons with Galaxy Formation Models
• Galaxy clusters at high redshift and evolution of brightest cluster galaxies
• Red but not dead : Unveiling the Star-forming Far-infrared Spectral Energy Distribution of SpARCS Brightest Cluster Galaxies at 0 < z < 1.8
• Galaxy Merger Candidates in High-Redshift Cluster Environments
• The GOGREEN survey: Transition Galaxies and The Evolution of Environmental Quenching
• Detection of a Substantial Molecular Gas Reservoir in a brightest cluster galaxy at z = 1.7
• Bayesian Cluster Finder: Clusters in the CFHTLS Archive Research Survey
• The dynamics of z~1 clusters of galaxies from the GCLASS survey
• ORCA: The Overdense Red-sequence Cluster Algorithm
• Probing the existence of a rich galaxy overdensity at z=5.2
• Satellite quenching was not important for z$\sim$1 clusters: most quenching occurred during infall
• A pan-chromatic view of the galaxy cluster XMMU J1230.3+1339 at z=0.975 - Observing the assembly of a massive system
• A sample of 1959 massive galaxy clusters at high redshifts
• Candidate Clusters of Galaxies at $z>1.3$ Identified in the Spitzer SPT Deep Field Survey
• Spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy cluster associated with 7C1756+6520 at z=1.416
• HST/WFC3 grism observations of $z\sim 1$ clusters: Evidence for rapid outside-in environmental quenching from spatially resolved H$\alpha$ maps
• The UV Luminosity Function of Protocluster Galaxies at $z\sim 4$: the Bright-end Excess and the Enhanced Star Formation Rate Density
• The GOGREEN survey: the internal dynamics of clusters of galaxies at redshift 0.9-1.4
• HST/WFC3 grism observations of $z\sim 1$ clusters: evidence for evolution in the mass-size relation of quiescent galaxies from poststarburst galaxies
• The Evolution of Brightest Cluster Galaxies in the Nearby Universe I: Colours and Stellar Masses from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Wide Infrared Survey Explorer
• GalWeight Application: A publicly-available catalog of dynamical parameters of 1,800 galaxy clusters from SDSS-DR13, ($GalWCat19$)
• Evidence of runaway gas cooling in the absence of supermassive black hole feedback at the epoch of cluster formation
• Three candidate clusters of galaxies at redshift ~1.8: the "missing link" between protoclusters and local clusters?
• Evidence for the Universality of Properties of Red-Sequence Galaxies in X-ray- and Red-Sequence-Selected Clusters at z ~ 1
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields: A new analysis of low-frequency radio luminosity as a star-formation tracer in the Lockman Hole region
• AGN Feedback in Groups and Clusters of Galaxies
• A Multi-Wavelength Mass Analysis of RCS2 J232727.6-020437, a ~3x10${}^{15}$M${}_{\odot }$ Galaxy Cluster at z=0.7
• The GOGREEN Survey: Constraining the Satellite Quenching Timescale in Massive Clusters at $\mathbf{z}\gtrsim 1$
• AGN triggering in the infall regions of distant X-ray luminous galaxy clusters at 0.9 < z <~ 1.6
• The X-ray Properties of Optically Selected Clusters of Galaxies
• First simultaneous optical/near-infrared imaging of an X-ray selected, high-redshift cluster of galaxies with GROND: the galaxy population of XMMU J0338.7+0030 at z=1.1
• Radio spectral properties of star-forming galaxies between 150-5000MHz in the ELAIS-N1 field
• Constraining the Mass of the Emerging Galaxy Cluster SpARCS1049+56 at z=1.71 with Infrared Weak Lensing
• The High-Redshift Clusters Occupied by Bent Radio AGN (COBRA) Survey: Follow-Up Optical Imaging
• Weak lensing magnification of SpARCS galaxy clusters
• Kinematic analysis of a sample of X-ray luminous distant galaxy clusters. The $L_X$ - ${\sigma }_v$ relation in the $z>0.6$ universe
• The HST See Change Program: I. Survey Design, Pipeline, and Supernova Discoveries
• The Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (SERVS): The Environments of High-z SDSS Quasi-Stellar-Objects
• When the Well Runs Dry: Modeling Environmental Quenching of High-mass Satellites in Massive Clusters at \boldmath$z\gtrsim 1$
• On the Reversal of SFR-Density Relation at z=1: Insights from Simulations
• The H$\alpha$ star formation main sequence in cluster and field galaxies at $z\sim 1.6$
• The Manhattan Suite: Accelerated galaxy evolution in the early Universe
• Feeding and feedback processes in the Spiderweb proto-intracluster medium
• Multiwavelength radio observations of a Brightest Cluster Galaxy at z=1.71: Detection of a modest Active Galactic Nucleus and evidence for extended star formation
• A large-scale kinematic study of molecular gas in high-z cluster galaxies: Evidence for high levels of kinematic asymmetry
• The Rest-frame $H$-band Luminosity Function of Red Sequence Galaxies in Clusters at $1.0<z<1.3$
• Discovering Large-Scale Structure at $2<z<5$ in the C3VO Survey
• X-ray versus infrared selection of distant galaxy clusters: A case study using the XMM-LSS and SpARCS cluster samples
• Deciphering the activity and quiescence of high-redshift cluster environments: ALMA observations of ClJ1449+0856 at z=2
• Molecular gas in distant brightest cluster galaxies
• The high-redshift Universe with Spitzer
• A CO Survey of SpARCS Star-Forming Brightest Cluster Galaxies: Evidence for Uniformity in BCG Molecular Gas Processing Across Cosmic Time
• The abundance and colours of galaxies in high redshift clusters in the cold dark matter cosmology
• Mass-Richness relations for X-ray and SZE-selected clusters at $0.4<z<2.0$ as seen by $Spitzer$ at 4.5$\mu$m
• LUCIFER@LBT view of star-forming galaxies in the cluster 7C 1756+6520 at z~1.4
• See Change: VLT spectroscopy of a sample of high-redshift Type Ia supernova host galaxies
• The XXL survey: XLII. Detection and characterization of the galaxy population of distant galaxy clusters in the XXL-N/VIDEO field: A tale of variety
• Low-frequency radio spectra of submillimetre galaxies in the Lockman Hole
• The X-ray properties of high-z FRI candidates in the COSMOS field
• LOFAR properties of SILVERRUSH Ly$\alpha$ emitter candidates in the ELAIS-N1 field
• Cluster candidates with massive quiescent galaxies at $z\sim 2$
• Plausible association of distant late M dwarfs with low-frequency radio emission
• The Lockman-SpReSO project. Description, target selection, observations and preliminary results
• A multi-band AGN-SFG classifier for extragalactic radio surveys using machine learning
• $Spitzer$-selected $z>1.3$ protocluster candidates in the LSST Deep Drilling Fields
• Red Dragon: A Redshift-Evolving Gaussian Mixture Model for Galaxies
• Spectroscopic characterization of the protocluster of galaxies around 7C 1756+6520 at z ~ 1.4
• Insights into environmental quenching at $z\sim 1$: an enhancement of faint, low-mass passive galaxies in clusters
• The Gemini/HST galaxy cluster project: Redshift 0.2-1.0 cluster sample, X-ray data and optical photometry catalog
• A Large Massive Quiescent Galaxy Sample at z~1.2
• Quantifying the Impact of Incompleteness on Identifying and Interpreting Galaxy Protocluster Populations with the TNG-Cluster Simulation
• Clustering of red and blue galaxies around high-redshift 3C radio sources as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope
• Distant clusters of galaxies in the 2XMM/SDSS footprint: follow-up observations with the LBT
• Dynamical Properties and Velocity Dispersion-Mass Relation of $z\sim 1$ Galaxy Clusters from the GOGREEN and GCLASS Surveys
• Euclid: A blue galaxy population and a brightest cluster galaxy in the making in a $z\sim 1.74$ MaDCoWS2 galaxy cluster candidate
• An Assessment of the In-Situ Growth of the Intracluster Light in the High Redshift Galaxy Cluster SpARCS1049+56