Galaxy formation with L-GALAXIES: Modelling the environmental dependency of galaxy evolution and comparing with observations

Abstract

We present a variation of the recently updated Munich semi-analytical galaxy formation model, L-Galaxies, with a new gas stripping method. Extending earlier work, we directly measure the local environmental properties of galaxies to formulate a more accurate treatment of ram-pressure stripping for all galaxies. We fully re-calibrate the modified L-Galaxies model using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method with the stellar mass function and quenched fraction of galaxies at $0\le z\le 2$ as constraints. Due to this re-calibration, global galaxy population relations, including the stellar mass function, quenched fractions versus galaxy mass and HI mass function are all largely unchanged and remain consistent with observations. By comparing to data on galaxy properties in different environments from the SDSS and HSC surveys, we demonstrate that our modified model improves the agreement with the quenched fractions and star formation rates of galaxies as a function of environment, stellar mass, and redshift. Overall, in the vicinity of haloes with total mass $10^{12}$ to $10^{15}{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ at $z=0$, our new model produces higher quenched fractions and stronger environmental dependencies, better recovering observed trends with halocentric distance up to several virial radii. By analysing the actual amount of gas stripped from galaxies in our model, we show that those in the vicinity of massive haloes lose a large fraction of their hot halo gas before they become satellites. We demonstrate that this affects galaxy quenching both within and beyond the halo boundary. This is likely to influence the correlations between galaxies up to tens of megaparsecs.

arXiv commentSubmitted to MNRAS. The full model output and model description are publicly available at https://lgalaxiespublicrelease.github.io

References in corpus (110)

• First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Determination of Cosmological Parameters
• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• The Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Simulating the joint evolution of quasars, galaxies and their large-scale distribution
• The many lives of active galactic nuclei: cooling flows, black holes and the luminosities and colours of galaxies
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• The physical properties of star forming galaxies in the low redshift universe
• Populating a cluster of galaxies - I. Results at z=0
• E pur si muove: Galiliean-invariant cosmological hydrodynamical simulations on a moving mesh
• Stellar Masses and Star Formation Histories for 10^5 Galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Optical and Near-Infrared Properties of Galaxies: I. Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• Mass and environment as drivers of galaxy evolution in SDSS and zCOSMOS and the origin of the Schechter function
• Hierarchical Galaxy Formation
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the stellar mass content of groups and clusters of galaxies
• UV Star Formation Rates in the Local Universe
• Quantifying the bimodal color-magnitude distribution of galaxies
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• The Environmental Dependence of the Relations between Stellar Mass, Structure, Star Formation and Nuclear Activity in Galaxies
• From dwarf spheroidals to cDs: Simulating the galaxy population in a LCDM cosmology
• Constraints on the relationship between stellar mass and halo mass at low and high redshift
• FIRE-2 Simulations: Physics versus Numerics in Galaxy Formation
• Semi-Analytic Modelling of Galaxy Formation: The Local Universe
• The Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Survey: Overview and Survey Design
• Mass assembly in quiescent and star-forming galaxies since z=4 from UltraVISTA
• The formation history of elliptical galaxies
• First Results from the TNG50 Simulation: Galactic outflows driven by supernovae and black hole feedback
• Galaxy Groups in the SDSS DR4: I. The Catalogue and Basic Properties
• The Evolution of the Stellar Mass Functions of Star-Forming and Quiescent Galaxies to z = 4 from the COSMOS/UltraVISTA Survey
• Differential Galaxy Evolution in Cluster and Field Galaxies at z=0.3
• Clustering of Galaxies in a Hierarchical Universe: I. Methods and Results at z=0
• Halos and galaxies in the standard cosmological model: results from the Bolshoi simulation
• First Results from the TNG50 Simulation: The evolution of stellar and gaseous disks across cosmic time
• Resolving Cosmic Structure Formation with the Millennium-II Simulation
• Environmental Effects on Late-Type Galaxies in Nearby Clusters
• Properties of Galaxy Groups in the SDSS: I.-- The Dependence of Colour, Star Formation, and Morphology on Halo Mass
• Galaxy Stellar Mass Assembly between 0.2<z<2 from the S-COSMOS survey
• The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey: The alpha.40 HI Source Catalog, its Characteristics and their Impact on the Derivation of the HI Mass Function
• Galaxy formation in the Planck Cosmology - I. Matching the observed evolution of star formation rates, colours and stellar masses
• Constraining Galaxy Formation and Cosmology with the Conditional Luminosity Function of Galaxies
• A New Method For Galaxy Cluster Detection I: The Algorithm
• The Auriga Project: the properties and formation mechanisms of disc galaxies across cosmic time
• The Evolution of the Stellar Mass Function of Galaxies from z=4.0 and the First Comprehensive Analysis of its Uncertainties: Evidence for Mass-dependent Evolution
• Galaxy evolution in groups and clusters: star formation rates, red sequence fractions, and the persistent bimodality
• Scaling relations for galaxy clusters in the Millennium-XXL simulation
• UV-continuum slopes at z~4-7 from the HUDF09+ERS+CANDELS observations: Discovery of a well-defined UV-color magnitude relationship for z>=4 star-forming galaxies
• Galaxy Stellar Mass Functions from ZFOURGE/CANDELS: An Excess of Low-Mass Galaxies Since z=2 and the Rapid Buildup of Quiescent Galaxies
• A Halo-Based Galaxy Group Finder: Calibration and Application to the 2dFGRS
• A unified multi-wavelength model of galaxy formation
• The HIPASS catalogue: Omega_HI and environmental effects on the HI mass function of galaxies
• The distribution of stellar mass in the low-redshift Universe
• The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey I: The Survey and Cluster Catalogs for Patches RCS0926+37 and RCS1327+29
• Ram pressure stripping the hot gaseous halos of galaxies in groups and clusters
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): The galaxy stellar mass function at z < 0.06
• Galaxy formation in WMAP1 and WMAP7 cosmologies
• Substructures in Cold Dark Matter Haloes
• The Colours of Satellite Galaxies in Groups and Clusters
• Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution (SAGE): Model Calibration and Basic Results
• Universal structure of dark matter haloes over a mass range of 20 orders of magnitude
• Shark: introducing an open source, free and flexible semi-analytic model of galaxy formation
• Cold gas stripping in satellite galaxies: from pairs to clusters
• The Galaxy Content of SDSS Clusters and Groups
• Simulations of the galaxy population constrained by observations from z=3 to the present day: implications for galactic winds and the fate of their ejecta
• Introducing the NewHorizon simulation: Galaxy properties with resolved internal dynamics across cosmic time
• On the galaxy stellar mass function, the mass-metallicity relation, and the implied baryonic mass function
• GAMA/G10-COSMOS/3D-HST: The 0<z<5 cosmic star-formation history, stellar- and dust-mass densities
• Star formation and AGN activity in SDSS cluster galaxies
• The ALFALFA HI mass function: A dichotomy in the low-mass slope and a locally suppressed 'knee' mass
• Ram pressure stripping of disc galaxies orbiting in clusters. I. Mass and radius of the remaining gas disc
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Massive Red-Sequence-Selected Galaxy Cluster at z = 1.34 in the SpARCS-South Cluster Survey
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of Two Massive Red-Sequence-Selected Galaxy Clusters at z ~ 1.2 in the SpARCS-North Cluster Survey
• Quenched fractions in the IllustrisTNG simulations: the roles of AGN feedback, environment, and pre-processing
• A Re-examination of Galactic Conformity and a Comparison with Semi-analytic Models of Galaxy Formation
• Quenched fractions in the IllustrisTNG simulations: comparison with observations and other theoretical models
• Galaxy evolution near groups and clusters: ejected satellites and the spatial extent of environmental quenching
• The recycling of gas and metals in galaxy formation: predictions of a dynamical feedback model
• Jellyfish galaxies with the IllustrisTNG simulations: I. Gas-stripping phenomena in the full cosmological context
• One simulation to fit them all - changing the background parameters of a cosmological N-body simulation
• Semi-Analytic Galaxies - I. Synthesis of environmental and star-forming regulation mechanisms
• The Most Massive Galaxies at 3.0<z<4.0 in the NEWFIRM Medium-Band Survey: Properties and Improved Constraints on the Stellar Mass Function
• The Hestia project: simulations of the Local Group
• L-GALAXIES 2020: Spatially resolved cold gas phases, star formation and chemical enrichment in galactic discs
• Modelling Element Abundances in Semi-analytic Models of Galaxy Formation
• Pre-processing of galaxies in cosmic filaments around AMASCFI clusters in the CFHTLS
• The quenching of the star formation activity in cluster galaxies
• Building disc structure and galaxy properties through angular momentum: The DARK SAGE semi-analytic model
• Dark Sky Simulations: Early Data Release
• Monte Carlo Markov Chain Parameter Estimation in Semi-Analytic Models of Galaxy Formation
• Ram pressure stripping in a galaxy formation model. I. A novel numerical approach
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Environmental Quenching of Centrals and Satellites in Groups
• The evolution of the quenching of star formation in cluster galaxies since z $\sim$ 1
• The fate of disk galaxies in IllustrisTNG clusters
• The Evolution of Dusty Star Formation and Stellar Mass Assembly in Clusters: Results from the IRAC 3.6um, 4.5um, 5.8um and 8.0um Cluster Luminosity Functions
• The evolution of quiescent galaxies at high redshift (z > 1.4)
• Cosmological constraints from the CFHTLenS shear measurements using a new, accurate and flexible way of predicting nonlinear mass clustering
• A homogeneous measurement of the delay between the onsets of gas stripping and star formation quenching in satellite galaxies of groups and clusters
• Tracing the Quenching History in Galaxy Clusters in the EAGLE Simulation
• The GOGREEN survey: Post-infall environmental quenching fails to predict the observed age difference between quiescent field and cluster galaxies at z>1
• Resolution-independent modeling of environmental effects in semi-analytic models of galaxy formation that include ram-pressure stripping of both hot and cold gas
• The competition between confinement and ram pressure and its implications for galaxies in groups and clusters
• Comparing galaxy formation in the L-GALAXIES semi-analytical model and the IllustrisTNG simulations
• A New Method to Quantify Environment and Model Ram-Pressure Stripping in N-Body Simulations
• Iron in galaxy groups and clusters: Confronting galaxy evolution models with a newly homogenised dataset
• Dual Effects of Ram Pressure on Star Formation in Multi-phase Disk Galaxies with Strong Stellar Feedback
• CFHT Legacy Ultraviolet Extension (CLUE): Witnessing Galaxy Transformations up to 7 Mpc from Rich Cluster Cores
• The challenge of large and empty voids in the SDSS DR7 redshift survey
• From rest-frame luminosity functions to observer-frame colour distributions: tackling the next challenge in cosmological simulations
• The Co-Evolution of a Magnetized Intracluster Medium and Hot Galactic Coronae: Magnetic Field Amplification and Turbulence Generation
• Stellar Mass Profiles of Quiescent Galaxies in Different Environments at $z\sim 0$
• A Self-Calibrating Halo-Based Galaxy Group Finder: Algorithm and Tests

Cited by in corpus (49)

• Ram Pressure Stripping in High-Density Environments
• Feedback reshapes the baryon distribution within haloes, in halo outskirts, and beyond: the closure radius from dwarfs to massive clusters
• WALLABY Pilot Survey: the diversity of ram pressure stripping of the galactic HI gas in the Hydra Cluster
• Satellites of Milky Way- and M31-like galaxies with TNG50: quenched fractions, gas content, and star formation histories
• Semi-analytic forecasts for Roman -- the beginning of a new era of deep-wide galaxy surveys
• The Physical Origin of Galactic Conformity: From Theory to Observation
• On the environmental influence of groups and clusters of galaxies beyond the virial radius: Galactic conformity at few Mpc scales
• The MillenniumTNG Project: The large-scale clustering of galaxies
• Cool circumgalactic gas in galaxy clusters: connecting the DESI legacy imaging survey and SDSS DR16 MgII absorbers
• The MillenniumTNG Project: Semi-analytic galaxy formation models on the past lightcone
• The hot circumgalactic media of massive cluster satellites in the TNG-Cluster simulation: existence and detectability
• The Three Hundred project: connection between star formation quenching and dynamical evolution in and around simulated galaxy clusters
• Dissect two-halo galactic conformity effect for central galaxies: The dependence of star formation activities on the large-scale environment
• When the Well Runs Dry: Modeling Environmental Quenching of High-mass Satellites in Massive Clusters at \boldmath$z\gtrsim 1$
• FAST-ASKAP Synergy: Quantifying Coexistent Tidal and Ram Pressure Strippings in the NGC 4636 Group
• On the accuracy of dark matter halo merger trees and the consequences for semi-analytic models of galaxy formation
• Modelling the galaxy-halo connection with semi-recurrent neural networks
• Compact groups from semi-analytical models of galaxy formation -- III: purity and completeness of Hickson-like catalogues
• Demographics of Tidal Disruption Events with L-Galaxies: I. Volumetric TDE rates and the abundance of Nuclear Star Clusters
• The cooler past of the intracluster medium in TNG-Cluster
• Ram pressure stripping in clusters: Gravity can bind the ISM but not the CGM
• Cold Gas in Massive Galaxies as A Critical Test of Black Hole Feedback Models
• A new analytic ram pressure profile for satellite galaxies
• Probing galaxy evolution from $z=0$ to $z\simeq 10$ through galaxy scaling relations in three L-Galaxies flavours
• Gas accretion and Ram Pressure Stripping of Haloes in Void Walls
• DIISC-I: The Discovery of Kinematically Anomalous HI Clouds in M 100
• The evolution of low-mass central galaxies in the vicinity of massive structures and its impact on the two-halo conformity
• Compact groups of galaxies in GAMA -- Probing the densest minor systems at intermediate redshifts
• Jellyfish galaxies with the IllustrisTNG simulations -- Supermassive black hole activity in dense environments with ram-pressure stripped satellites
• Galaxy assembly bias and large-scale distribution: a comparison between IllustrisTNG and a semi-analytic model
• Shedding light on the star formation rate-halo accretion rate connection and halo quenching mechanism via DECODE, the Discrete statistical sEmi-empiriCal mODEl
• Tracing the cosmological origin of gas that fuels in situ star formation in TNG50 galaxies
• The origin of the galaxy size-stellar metallicity relation: A semi-analytical perspective
• GrAviPaSt's Lens to the Past: Unveiling the Evolution of Filamentary Structures
• FLORAH: A generative model for halo assembly histories
• Assessing the connection between galactic conformity and assembly-type bias
• ZTF SN Ia DR2: Impact of the galaxy cluster environment on the stretch distribution of Type Ia supernovae
• Simultaneously Modelling Dusty Star Forming Galaxies and Massive Quiescents: A Calibration Framework for Galaxy Formation Models
• VEGA: Voids idEntification using Genetic Algorithm
• The role of gas stripping in the quenching of satellite galaxies using SHARK v2.0
• Massive Star Clusters in the Semi-Analytical Galaxy Formation Model L-Galaxies 2020
• Compact groups from semi-analytical models of galaxy formation -- VI: Evolution of the two first-ranked galaxies
• The abundance and origin of cool gas in galaxy clusters in the TNG-Cluster simulation
• The Connection between Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies and the First Massive Quenched Galaxies
• Quasar clustering at redshift 6
• Testing the key role of the stellar mass-halo mass relation in galaxy merger rates and morphologies via DECODE, a novel Discrete statistical sEmi-empiriCal mODEl
• The Journey to Dominance: How BCGs Evolve Differently from Other Massive Galaxies
• The Filament Rift: $\Lambda$CDM's Structural Challenge Against Observation
• Cross-correlations between X-ray clusters and the general galaxy population