Cross-correlations between X-ray clusters and the general galaxy population

Abstract

This study presents highly precise measurements of the cross-correlation between volume-limited galaxy samples from the DESI legacy survey catalogue and X-ray selected galaxy clusters from eROSITA, allowing for detailed analysis across redshift and color. Two key findings emerge. First, the cluster-galaxy cross-correlation, when split into quiescent and star-forming galaxies, contains significant information about the infall, feedback, and quenching processes of blue cloud galaxies in massive environments. These results align well with existing galaxy evolution models for higher stellar masses (${\log }_{10}(M^{\ast }[M_{\odot }])>10.75$), though the red fraction may be slightly underestimated in the intermediate mass range ($10.25<{\log }_{10}(M^{\ast }[M_{\odot }])<10.75$). Second, the integral of the cross-correlation within 500 kpc enables a model-independent measurement of the red sequence and its scatter in clusters, providing a robust alternative to existing red-sequence calibration methods without requiring spectroscopic redshifts or classifications of galaxies. Similar analyses on upcoming photometric surveys like Euclid and LSST and spectroscopic samples like 4MOST and DESI should lead to a significant increase in the signal-to-noise ratio, particularly at small separations.

Accepted in A&A, data available at https://zenodo.org/records/15806800

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