Cooperative Cargo Transport by Several Molecular Motors

Abstract

The transport of cargo particles which are pulled by several molecular motors in a cooperative manner is studied theoretically. The transport properties depend primarily on the maximal number, $N$, of motor molecules that may pull simultaneously on the cargo particle. Since each motor must unbind from the filament after a finite number of steps but can also rebind to it again, the actual number of pulling motors is not constant but varies with time between zero and $N$. An increase in the maximal number $N$ leads to a strong increase of the average walking distance (or run length) of the cargo particle. If the cargo is pulled by up to $N$ kinesin motors, e.g., the walking distance is estimated to be $5^{N-1}/N$ micrometers which implies that seven or eight kinesin molecules are sufficient to attain an average walking distance in the centimeter range. If the cargo particle is pulled against an external load force, this force is shared between the motors which provides a nontrivial motor-motor coupling and a generic mechanism for nonlinear force-velocity relationships. With increasing load force, the probability distribution of the instantenous velocity is shifted towards smaller values, becomes broader, and develops several peaks. Our theory is consistent with available experimental data and makes quantitative predictions that are accessible to systematic in vitro experiments.

24 pages, latex, 6 figures, includes Supporting Text

References in corpus (2)

• Stability of adhesion clusters under constant force
• Self-organized density patterns of molecular motors in arrays of cytoskeletal filaments

Cited by in corpus (77)

• Tug-of-war as a cooperative mechanism for bidirectional cargo transport by molecular motors
• Physics of adherent cells
• Computational models for active matter
• Stochastic mechano-chemical kinetics of molecular motors: a multidisciplinary enterprise from a physicist's perspective
• Universal bound on the efficiency of molecular motors
• Intracellular transport driven by cytoskeletal motors: General mechanisms and defects
• Collective dynamics of molecular motors pulling on fluid membranes
• Optically resolving the dynamic walking of a plasmonic walker couple
• Theoretical Perspectives on Biological Machines
• Dynamic states of cells adhering in shear flow: from slipping to rolling
• Efficiency at maximum power of interacting molecular machines
• Stochastic force generation by small ensembles of myosin II motors
• On subdiffusive continuous time random walks with stochastic resetting
• Cytoskeletal network morphology regulates intracellular transport dynamics
• Stochastic dynamics of small ensembles of non-processive molecular motors: the parallel cluster model
• Motility states of molecular motors engaged in a stochastic tug-of-war
• Stochastic simulations of cargo transport by processive molecular motors
• Spontaneous waves in muscle fibres
• Memory effects and Lévy walk dynamics in intracellular transport of cargoes
• Microtubule Defects Influence Kinesin-Based Transport In Vitro
• Influence of direct motor-motor interaction in models for cargo transport by a single team of motors
• Molecular Spiders with Memory
• Energy and information flows in autonomous systems
• Lattice-gas model for active vesicle transport by molecular motors with opposite polarities
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relation of interacting oscillators in synchrony
• Morphological and dynamical properties of semiflexible filaments driven by molecular motors
• Quantitative Determination of the Probability of Multiple-Motor Transport in Bead-Based Assays
• Non-Markovian intracellular transport with sub-diffusion and run-length dependent detachment rate
• Force-velocity relations for multiple-molecular-motor transport
• Dynamic and thermodynamic bounds for collective motor-driven transport
• Traffic of cytoskeletal motors with disordered attachment rates
• Stochastic thermodynamics in many-particle systems
• Molecular Spiders in One Dimension
• Cargo transport by several motors
• Maximum power operation of interacting molecular motors
• Signatures of motor susceptibility in the dynamics of a tracer particle in an active gel
• Transport of organelles by elastically coupled motor proteins
• Force-dependent unbinding rate of molecular motors from stationary optical trap data
• Enhancement of cargo processivity by cooperating molecular motors
• Transport by molecular motors in the presence of static defects
• Tug-of-war in motility assay experiments
• Tug-of-war of molecular motors: the effects of uneven load sharing
• Dynein catch bond as a mediator of codependent bidirectional cellular transport
• Effectiveness of a dynein team in tug-of-war helped by reduced load-sensitivity of detachment: evidence from study of bidirectional endosome transport in Dictyostelium discoideum
• Stochastic dynamics and mechanosensitivity of myosin II minifilaments
• Interaction of molecular motors can enhance their efficiency
• Sufficient conditions for the additivity of stall forces generated by multiple filaments or motors
• Analysis of non-processive molecular motor transport using renewal reward theory
• Cooperative Protofilament Switching Emerges from Inter-Motor Interference in Multiple-Motor Transport
• Simplification of the tug-of-war model for cellular transport in cells
• Collective effects in intra-cellular molecular motor transport: coordination, cooperation and competetion
• Properties of tug-of-war model for cargo transport by molecular motors
• Interacting molecular motors: Efficiency and work fluctuations
• Cooperative molecular motors moving back and forth
• Spatial and Temporal Sensing Limits of Microtubule Polarization in Neuronal Growth Cones by Intracellular Gradients and Forces
• Memory, Bias and Correlations in Bidirectional Transport of Molecular Motor-driven Cargoes
• Molecular Spiders on the Plane
• Active and Passive Transport of Cargo in a Corrugated Channel: A Lattice Model Study
• Biased transport of elastic cytoskeletal filaments with alternating polarities by molecular motors
• Traffic of Molecular Motors
• Cooperation and competition in the collective drive by motor proteins: Mean active force, fluctuations, and self-load
• Cargo transportation by two species of motor protein
• Cooperative transport by small teams of molecular motors
• Novel Catchbond mediated oscillations in motor-microtubule complexes
• Renewal reward perspective on linear switching diffusion systems
• Hyperphosphorylation-Induced Phase Transition in Vesicle Delivery Dynamics of Motor Proteins in Neuronal Cells
• Thermodynamic inference of correlations in nonequilibrium collective dynamics
• Limited processivity of single motors improves overall transport flux of self-assembled motor-cargo complexes
• The mean velocity of two-state models of molecular motor
• Extreme-Value Statistics of Stochastic Transport Processes: Applications to Molecular Motors and Sports
• Stabilization of overlapping biofilaments by passive crosslinkers
• Cytoskeletal filament length controlled dynamic sequestering of intracellular cargo
• Two Heads Are (Sometimes) Better Than One: How Rate Formulations Impact Molecular Motor Dynamics
• Ultrasensitivity without conformational spread: A mechanical origin for non-equilibrium cooperativity in the bacterial flagellar motor
• Predicting the Directional Transport of Multivalent Cargo from Position Dependent Binding and Unbinding Rates
• Emergent Transport Properties of Molecular Motor Ensemble Affected by Single Motor Mutations
• Properties of sodium-driven bacterial flagellar motor: A two-state model approach