The Stretched Horizon and Black Hole Complementarity

Abstract

Three postulates asserting the validity of conventional quantum theory, semi-classical general relativity and the statistical basis for thermodynamics are introduced as a foundation for the study of black hole evolution. We explain how these postulates may be implemented in a ``stretched horizon'' or membrane description of the black hole, appropriate to a distant observer. The technical analysis is illustrated in the simplified context of 1+1 dimensional dilaton gravity. Our postulates imply that the dissipative properties of the stretched horizon arise from a course graining of microphysical degrees of freedom that the horizon must possess. A principle of black hole complementarity is advocated. The overall viewpoint is similar to that pioneered by 't~Hooft but the detailed implementation is different.

(some misprints in equations have been fixed), 48 pages (including figures), SU-ITP-93-15

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• Hawking radiation and black hole gravitational back reaction - A quantum geometrodynamical simplified model
• Non-extremal Stringy Black Hole
• Cusp singularities in f(R) gravity: pros and cons
• Global study of the scalar quasi-normal modes of Kerr-AdS${}_5$ black holes: Stability, thermality, and horizon area quantization
• Unpacking Black Hole Complementarity
• Entropy creation inside black holes points to observer complementarity
• Quantum Jump from Singularity to Outside of Black Hole
• Gauge theories with non-trivial boundary conditions: Black holes
• Semiclassical S-matrix for black holes
• Extreme Regimes in Quantum Gravity
• Resolution to the firewall paradox: The black hole information paradox and highly squeezed interior quantum fluctuations
• Quantum gravity effects at a black hole horizon
• Complementarity And Firewalls
• Entanglement inside a black hole before the Page time
• The Non-integrable Mass and the Scalar Charge
• Black holes by analytic continuation
• Brick Walls for Black Holes in AdS/CFT
• Black Holes Thermodynamics in a new kind of Noncommutative Geometry
• Duality of Ryu-Takayanagi surfaces inside and outside the horizon
• The effective Tolman temperature in curved spacetimes
• New Local Duals in Eternal Inflation
• Hawking radiation with pure states
• Localizing and excluding quantum information; or, how to share a quantum secret in spacetime
• Worldlines as Wilson Lines
• Black Hole Thermodynamics from String Theory
• Apparent motion of a spherical shell collapsing onto a black hole
• Higher-Curvature Gravity, Black Holes and Holography
• Information loss paradox revisited: farewell firewall?
• Almost certain loss from black holes: critical comments on the black hole final state proposal
• Thermodynamics of a Spherically Symmetric Causal Diamond in Minkowski Spacetime
• Measuring the Black Hole Interior from the Exterior
• Quantum Schwarzschild-(A)dS Black Holes: Unitarity and Singularity Resolution
• Can the Horowitz-Maldacena proposal be an alternative to the firewall?
• Black Hole: The Interior Spacetime
• The Horizon Order Parameter
• Evaporation of Echoing Black Holes
• Colliding Axion-Dilaton Plane Waves from Black Holes
• Virtual Reality in the World of Holograms
• Lost Horizon? -- Modeling Black Holes in String Theory
• Black Hole Entropy and String Instantons
• Black Hole Decay as Geodesic Motion
• Black hole production, eternal inflation, and information in quasi-de Sitter space
• Semiclassical approach for the evaporating black hole revisited
• Black Hole evaporation in a thermalized final-state projection model
• The Firewall Paradox
• Deformations of the AdS-Schwarzschild black brane and the shear viscosity of the quark-gluon plasma
• An effective framework for strange metallic transport
• The Temperature/Entropy Connection for Horizons, Massless Particle Scattering, and the Origin of Locality
• Validity of black hole complementarity in the BTZ black hole
• Information loss problem and roles of instantons
• Unitarity and the information problem in an explicit model of black hole evaporation
• Cosmological constant, inflation and no-cloning theorem
• Three Impossible Theories
• Puzzles and pitfalls involving Haar-typicality in holography
• Transplanckian Dispersion Relation and Entanglement Entropy of Blackhole
• Black hole mass formula in the membrane paradigm
• On the observer dependence of the Hilbert space near the horizon of black holes
• Quantum black holes, partition of integers and self-similarity
• Scrambling Time and Causal Structure of the Photon Sphere of a Schwarzschild Black Hole
• Curved traversable wormholes in (3+1)-dimensional spacetime
• From Entropy to Echoes: Counting the quasi-normal modes and the quantum limit of silence
• Nonlocal black hole evaporation and quantum metric fluctuations via inhomogeneous vacuum density
• On the foundations of quantum theory
• Evaporating Black Holes and Long Range Scaling
• A note on the string spectrum at the Hagedorn temperature
• Off-diagonal cosmological solutions in emergent gravity theories and Grigory Perelman entropy for geometric flows
• Zooming in on the horizon when in its Meissner state
• Accreting Black Holes radiate classical Vaidya radiation to pave way for Hawking radiation
• Open Cosmic Strings in Black Hole Space-Times
• Lifshitz tails at spectral edge and holography with a finite cutoff
• Free-fall energy density and flux in the Schwarzschild black hole
• Smarr formula for black holes with primary and secondary scalar hair
• Gödel Incompleteness and the Black Hole Information Paradox
• Evaporating black holes and late-stage loss of soft hair
• Late-Time Saturation of Black Hole Complexity
• Anthropic Origin of the Neutrino Mass from Cooling Failure
• Non-linearities in the quantum multiverse
• Instantons near a tachyonic top in anti de Sitter and the no-boundary regulator
• Quantum dust collapse in 2+1 dimensions
• On 't Hooft's S-matrix Ansatz for quantum black holes
• Tunneling from the past horizon
• Evading the Trans-Planckian problem with Vaidya spacetimes
• Quantum Bias Cosmology: Acceleration from Holographic Information Capacity
• Everything is a "matter" of perspective: the Unruh effect
• Building flat space-time from information exchange between quantum fluctuations
• Demonstration of the Hayden-Preskill protocol via mutual information
• A monogamy paradox in empty flat space
• Dwelling on de Sitter
• Black hole information recovery from gravitational waves
• Towards a unitary formulation of quantum field theory in curved spacetime: the case of de Sitter spacetime
• Dynamics and Geometry of Entanglement in Many-Body Quantum Systems
• A Planck-like problem for quantum charged black holes
• Microscopic State of BHs and an Exact One Body Method for Binary Dynamics in General Relativity
• Real-time observables in de Sitter thermodynamics
• Black Hole Evaporation. A Survey
• A divergent volume for black holes calls for no "firewall"
• From Schwinger Balls to Black Holes
• Huge entropy production inside black holes
• The edge of locality: visualizing a black hole from the inside
• The Statistical Mechanics of Microscopic Long-Range Bulk-Boundary Dependence in Black-Hole Physics and Holography
• A tripartite entanglement in de Sitter spacetime
• Remarks on Black Hole Degrees of Freedom in String Theory
• Black hole spectra from Vaz's quantum gravitational collapse
• On the Origin of Black Hole Paradoxes
• A nested sequence of inequivalent Rindler vacua : Universal Relic Thermality of Planckian origin
• Flat-space Quantum Gravity in AdS/CFT
• Spontaneously Induced General Relativity: Holographic Interior for Reissner-Nordstrom Exterior
• Black hole information paradox without Hawking radiation
• Harvesting entanglement from the Lorentz-violating quantum field vacuum in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
• Traversable Wormholes and Black Hole Complementarity
• Geometry of isolated horizons
• Entropic force law in the presence of a noncommutative inspired spacetime for a solar system scale
• Introduction to quantum information theory and outline of two applications to physics: the black hole information paradox and the renormalization group information flow
• Fast Scramblers, Democratic Walks and Information Fields
• Fermions in Black Hole Space-Time: Hawking Radiation and Back Reaction
• Towards an Account of Complementarities and Context-Dependence
• Lectures On AdS-CFT At Weak 't Hooft Coupling At Finite Temperature
• Precision Cosmology and the Landscape
• On the assumptions leading to the information loss paradox
• Violation of Unitarity in Gravitational Subregions
• Horizon Branes and Chiral Strings
• Classical information transmission capacity of quantum black holes
• Isentropic processes for axisymmetric Black Holes
• Does black-hole evaporation imply that physics is non-unitary, and if so, what must the laws of physics look like? An Essay
• Black Hole Complementarity and ER/EPR
• Generalized conformal quantum mechanics as an ideal observer in two-dimensional gravity
• Black Hole Field Theory with a Firewall in two spacetime dimensions
• Modave Lectures on Quantum Information: An Introduction to Channels and Applications to Black Holes and AdS/CFT
• Validity of black hole complementarity in an accelerating Schwarzschild black hole
• Investigation of black hole complementarity in AdS${}_2$ black holes
• Black Hole Complementary Principle and The Noncommutative Membrane
• Unitarity, nonlocality, and black hole information
• Quantum gravitational proton decay at high temperature
• Smooth horizons and quantum ripples
• Against Absolute Actualization: Three "Non-Localities" and Failure of Model-External Randomness made easy with Many-Worlds Models including Stronger Bell-Violation and Correct QM Probability
• Logarithmic correction to the Brane equation in Topological Reissner-Nordström de Sitter Space
• On a Matrix Ensemble for Arbitrary Complex Quantum Systems
• Effective Lifshitz black holes, hydrodynamics, and transport coefficients in fluid/gravity correspondence
• String Thermalization in Static Spacetimes
• UV Effects and Short-Lived Hawking Radiation: Alternative Resolution of Information Paradox
• Paradox No More: How Stimulated Emission of Radiation Preserves Information Absorbed by Black Holes
• Entanglement harvesting: detector gap and field mass optimization
• Black holes and their horizons in semiclassical and modified theories of gravity
• Quantization of Open strings in time dependent Black Holes
• Quantum communication through a partially reflecting accelerating mirror
• Symmetry breaking aspects of the effective Lagrangian for quantum black holes
• The thermodynamics of readout devices and semiclassical gravity
• Horizon Dynamics of a BTZ Black Hole
• Entanglement and firewalls in quantum circuit model of black hole evaporation
• On the nature of the black hole information problem
• Joseph Polchinski: A Biographical Memoir
• Replica wormhole and AMPS firewall
• Complexity of the Einstein-Born-Infeld-Massive Black holes
• A Firepoint at the Black Hole Singularity
• Alternative characterization of a black hole boundary
• Black Hole Complementarity and Violation of Causality
• Quantum Chaos and Unitary Black Hole Evaporation
• Maximally Chaotic Dynamical System of Infinite Dimensionality
• Maxwell's demon and information channel width of a black hole
• Introduction to Black Hole Evaporation
• Black hole singularities across phase transitions
• Black Holes in String Theory
• On Emergent Geometry from Entanglement Entropy in Matrix theory
• Black Holes as a Gateway to the Quantum: Classical and Semi-Classical Explorations
• Effective information loss outside the horizon
• Hawking modes and the optimal disperser : Holographic lessons from the observer's causal-patch unitarity
• Evaporation/Hadronization Correspondence
• Simple observations concerning black holes and probability
• Experimental Test of the Final State Hypothesis