Hole crystallization in the spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41

Abstract

One of the deepest questions in condensed matter physics concerns what other phases compete with superconductivity in high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors. One candidate is the "stripe" phase, in which the carriers (holes) condense into rivers of charge separating regions of antiferromagnetism. A related but lesser known system is the "spin ladder", which consists of two coupled chains of magnetic ions forming an array of rungs. A doped ladder can be thought of as a high-Tc material with lower dimensionality, and has been predicted to exhibit both superconductivity and an insulating "hole crystal" phase in which the carriers are localised through many-body interactions. The competition between the two resembles that between static stripes and superconductivity in high-Tc materials. Here we report evidence, from resonant x-ray scattering, for the existence of a hole crystal in the doped spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41. This phase exists without a detectable distortion in the structural lattice, indicating it arises from many-body effects. Our measurements confirm theoretical predictions and support the picture that proximity to charge ordered states is a general property of superconductivity in copper-oxides.

10 pages, 4 figures

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• Magnetic excitations and structural change in the S=1/2 quasi-one-dimensional magnet Sr_{14-x}Y_{x}Cu_{24}O_{41} (0<x<1)
• Microwave and millimeter wave spectroscopy in the slightly hole-doped ladders of Sr${}_{14}$Cu${}_{24}$O${}_{41}$

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