Boundary effects on the local density of states of one-dimensional Mott insulators and charge density wave states

Abstract

We determine the local density of states (LDOS) for spin-gapped one-dimensional charge density wave (CDW) states and Mott insulators in the presence of a hard-wall boundary. We calculate the boundary contribution to the single-particle Green function in the low-energy limit using field theory techniques and analyze it in terms of its Fourier transform in both time and space. The boundary LDOS in the CDW case exhibits a singularity at momentum 2kF, which is indicative of the pinning of the CDW order at the impurity. We further observe several dispersing features at frequencies above the spin gap, which provide a characteristic signature of spin-charge separation. This demonstrates that the boundary LDOS can be used to infer properties of the underlying bulk system. In presence of a boundary magnetic field mid-gap states localized at the boundary emerge. We investigate the signature of such bound states in the LDOS. We discuss implications of our results on STM experiments on quasi-1D systems such as two-leg ladder materials like Sr14Cu24O41. By exchanging the roles of charge and spin sectors, all our results directly carry over to the case of one-dimensional Mott insulators.

28 pages

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• Spectral properties of Luttinger liquids: A comparative analysis of regular, helical, and spiral Luttinger liquids
• Abelian Chern-Simons-Maxwell theory from a tight binding model of spinless fermions
• Boundary Resonances in S = 1/2 Antiferromagnetic Chains under a Staggered Field
• Observation of electronic bound states in charge-ordered YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_y$
• Transmission through a potential barrier in Luttinger liquids with a topological spin gap
• Low-energy local density of states of the 1D Hubbard model
• Spectral properties of one-dimensional spiral spin density wave states
• Local spectral properties of Luttinger liquids: scaling versus nonuniversal energy scales
• Local density of states of a quarter-filled one-dimensional Mott insulator with a boundary
• Observation of spin-charge separation and boundary bound states via the local density of states
• The Weyl-Mott point: topological and non-Fermi liquid behavior from an isolated Green's function zero