A new calibration of stellar parameters of Galactic O stars

Abstract

We present new calibrations of stellar parameters of O stars at solar metallicity taking non-LTE, wind, and line-blanketing effects into account. Gravities and absolute visual magnitudes are derived from results of recent spectroscopic analyses. Two types of effective temperature scales are derived: one from a compilation based on recent spectroscopic studies of a sample of massive stars - the ``observational scale'' - and the other from direct interpolations on a grid of non-LTE spherically extended line-blanketed models computed with the code CMFGEN (Hillier & Miller 1998) - the ``theoretical scale''. These Teff scales are then further used together with the grid of models to calibrate other parameters (bolometric correction, luminosity, radius, spectroscopic mass and ionising fluxes) as a function of spectral type and luminosity class. Compared to the earlier calibrations of Vacca et al. (1996) the main results are: 1) the effective temperature scales are cooler by 2000 to 8000 K, the reduction being the largest for early supergiants; 2) bolometric corrections are lower by 0.1 mag for a given temperature, and are lower by 0.3 - 0.6 mag for a given spectral type; 3) luminosities are reduced by 0.20 to 0.35 dex; 4) Lyman ionising fluxes are lower by 0.20 to 0.80 dex. We provide calibration tables for each luminosity class and for both types of Teff scales.

18 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

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• New mass-loss rates of B supergiants from global wind models
• The Distance to the Massive Eclipsing Binary LMC-SC1-105 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Unlocking Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars with $\text{Gaia}$ DR2 II: Cluster and Association membership
• The infrared dust bubble N22: an expanding HII region and the star formation around it
• Stochastic light variations in hot stars from wind instability: Finding photometric signatures and testing against the TESS data
• Spitzer/IRAC view of Sh 2-284: Searching for evidence of triggered star formation in an isolated region in the outer Milky Way
• Predicting Gaia's Parallax Distance to the Cygnus OB2 Association with Eclipsing Binaries
• Star-formation complexes in the 'galaxy-sized' supergiant shell of the galaxy Holmberg I
• Radiation-pressure-driven dust waves inside bursting interstellar bubbles
• Spitzer Observations of M83 and the Hot Star, H II Region Connection
• Three-dimensional orbits of the triple-O stellar system HD 150136
• Recurrent dust formation by WR 48a on a 30-year timescale
• Mapping Jet-ISM Interactions in X-ray Binaries with ALMA: A GRS 1915$+$105 Case Study
• Infrared Photometric Properties of 709 Candidate Stellar Bowshock Nebulae
• Investigating the X-ray emission from the massive WR+O binary WR 22 using 3D hydrodynamical models
• Comparison of Theoretical Starburst Photoionisation Models for Optical Diagnostics
• X-ray reprocessing: Through the eclipse spectra of high mass X-ray binaries with XMM-Newton
• Properties of the Compact HII Region Complex G-0.02-0.07
• The X-ray catalog of spectroscopically identified Galactic O stars: Investigating the dependence of X-ray luminosity on stellar and wind parameters
• Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Circumnuclear Star Clusters in M83
• Diverse nuclear star-forming activities in the heart of NGC 253 resolved with ten-pc scale ALMA images
• Fluorescent excitation of Balmer lines in gaseous nebulae: case D
• A study of the effect of rotational mixing on massive stars evolution: surface abundances of Galactic O7-8 giant stars
• The Nature of the UV/optical Emission of the Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in Holmberg II
• Unveiling the birth and evolution of the HII region Sh2-173
• Physical parameters of close binaries QX Andromedae, RW Comae Berenices, MR Delphini, and BD +07{\circ} 3142
• An investigation into the fraction of particle accelerators among colliding-wind binaries. Towards an extension of the catalogue
• Five More Massive Binaries in the Cygnus OB2 Association
• DEM L241, a Supernova Remnant containing a High-Mass X-ray Binary
• Light variations due to the line-driven wind instability and wind blanketing in O stars
• Evidence from high mass X-ray binaries that Galactic WR components of WR+O binaries end their life with a supernova explosion
• Optical spectroscopy of X-Mega targets in the Carina nebula - VII On the multiplicity of Tr 16-112, HD 93343 and HD 93250
• Spectral classification and properties of the O Vz stars in the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS)
• The O star hinterland of the Galactic starburst, NGC 3603
• Nuclear embedded star clusters in NGC 7582
• Luminous and Variable Stars in M31 and M33 V. The Upper HR Diagram
• New Massive Binaries in the Cygnus OB2 Association
• Morphological and spectral study of 4FGL J1115.1-6118 in the region of the young massive stellar cluster NGC 3603
• The X-ray light curve of the massive colliding wind Wolf-Rayet + O binary WR21a
• Dynamics of H II regions around exiled O stars
• Emission line objects in NGC 6822. New Planetary Nebula candidates
• Measuring the shock-heating rate in the winds of O stars using X-ray line spectra
• On the optical counterpart of NGC300 X-1 and the global Wolf-Rayet content of NGC300
• Triggered/sequential star formation? A multi-phase ISM study around the prominent IRDC G18.93-0.03
• 3D radiative transfer simulations of Eta Carinae's inner colliding winds - I. Ionization structure of helium at apastron
• Near-infrared integral field spectroscopy of the Homunculus nebula around Eta Carinae using Gemini/CIRPASS
• A multiwavelength study of star formation in the vicinity of Galactic HII region Sh2-100
• Chemical abundances of fast-rotating massive stars. I. Description of the methods and individual results
• Cosmic rays from supernova remnants and superbubbles
• High Spatial Resolution Spectroscopy of W51 IRS2E and IRS2W: Two Very Massive Young Stars in Early Formation Stages
• Imaging with HST the time evolution of Eta Carinae's colliding winds
• Chemical abundances and properties of the ionized gas in NGC 1705
• Stellar Populations and the Star Formation Histories of LSB Galaxies: II. HII Regions
• Optical Spectroscopy of X-Mega targets in the Carina Nebula - VI. FO 15: a new O-Type double-lined eclipsing binary
• A Binary Orbit for the Massive, Evolved Star HDE 326823, a WR+O System Progenitor
• 4U 1907+09: a HMXB running away from the Galactic plane
• Photometric analysis of overcontact binaries AK Her, HI Dra, V1128 Tau and V2612 Oph
• The eclipsing, double-lined, Of supergiant binary Cyg OB2-B17
• ALMA CO Observations of a Giant Molecular Cloud in M33: Evidence for High-Mass Star Formation Triggered by Cloud-Cloud Collisions
• HII Region Ionization of the Interstellar Medium: A Case Study of NGC 7538
• Further Results from the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey: Rapidly Rotating Late ON Giants
• A Coordinated X-ray and Optical Campaign of the Nearest Massive Eclipsing Binary, delta Orionis Aa: III. Analysis of Optical Photometric MOST and Spectroscopic (Ground Based) Variations
• The kinematic signature of the Galactic warp in Gaia DR1 - I. The Hipparcos subsample
• FOREST Unbiased Galactic plane Imaging survey with the Nobeyama 45 m telescope (FUGIN). VI. Dense gas and mini-starbursts in the W43 giant molecular cloud complex
• Two massive stars possibly ejected from NGC 3603 via a three-body encounter
• Observational signatures of past mass-exchange episodes in massive binaries: The case of HD 149 404
• The Ionizing Stars of the Galactic Ultra-Compact HII Region G45.45+0.06
• The Three-mm Ultimate Mopra Milky Way Survey. II. Cloud and Star Formation Near the Filamentary Ministarburst RCW 106
• Wind inhibition by X-ray irradiation in HMXBs: the influence of clumping and the final X-ray luminosity
• A Radio Pulsar Search of the Gamma-ray Binaries LS I +61 303 and LS 5039
• Large-scale CO J=1-0 observations of the giant molecular cloud associated with the infrared ring N35 with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope
• Discovery of hot supergiant stars near the Galactic center
• Pre-main-sequence stars in the young open cluster NGC 1893: II. Evidence for triggered massive star formation
• Energetic feedback and ${}^{26}$Al from massive stars and their supernovae in the Carina region
• The G305 star-forming complex: radio continuum and molecular line observations
• The Correlation between X-Ray Line Ionization and Optical Spectral Types of the OB Stars
• OB stars at the lowest Local Group metallicity: GTC-OSIRIS observations of Sextans A
• Properties of six short-period massive binaries: a study of the effects of binarity on surface chemical abundances
• Radiative transfer of ionizing radiation through gas and dust: stellar source case
• Stellar Rotation: A Clue to the Origin of High Mass Stars?
• X-ray study of bow shocks in runaway stars
• Stellar associations powering HII regions $\unicode{x2013}$ I. Defining an evolutionary sequence
• The 2.35 year itch of Cyg OB2 #9. II. Radio monitoring
• Apsidal motion in the massive binary HD152218
• A Suzaku X-ray observation of one orbit of the supergiant fast X-ray transient IGR J16479-4514
• The electron temperatures of SDSS high-metallicity giant extragalactic HII regions
• A new investigation of the binary HD 48099
• Radio continuum and near-infrared study of the MGRO J2019+37 region
• GEMINI near-infrared spectroscopic observations of young massive stars embedded in molecular clouds
• ALMA-IMF XI: The sample of hot core candidates A rich population of young high-mass proto-stars unveiled by the emission of methyl formate
• The two components of the evolved massive binary LZ Cep. Testing the effects of binarity on stellar evolution
• Why do many early-type galaxies lack emission lines? I. Fossil clues
• The HII region G35.673-00.847: another case of triggered star formation?
• New OB star candidates in the Carina Arm around Westerlund 2 from VPHAS+
• Optical counterpart to Swift J0243.6+6124
• The environs of the HII region Gum31
• The initial mass function and star formation law in the outer disc of NGC 2915
• MONOS.II. Orbit review and analysis for 35 single-lined spectroscopic binary systems and candidates
• Constraints to neutron-star kicks in High-Mass X-ray Binaries with Gaia EDR3
• Probing the Masses and Radii of Donor Stars in Eclipsing X-ray Binaries with the Swift Burst Alert Telescope
• The Loudest Stellar Heartbeat: Characterizing the most extreme amplitude heartbeat star system
• XMM-Newton view of the N 206 superbubble in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Planet Hunters TESS IV: A massive, compact hierarchical triple star system TIC 470710327
• A test for the theory of colliding winds: the periastron passage of 9 Sagittarii I. X-ray and optical spectroscopy
• The IACOB project X. Large-scale quantitative spectroscopic analysis of Galactic luminous blue stars
• The eccentric short-period orbit of the supergiant fast X-ray transient HD 74194 (=LM Vel)
• Integral Field Spectroscopy of Massive Young Stellar Objects in the N113 H\,{\sc ii} Region in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• The SOFIA FEEDBACK Legacy Survey: Dynamics and mass ejection in the bipolar HII region RCW 36
• Distances to Galactic OB-stars: Photometry vs. Parallax
• Runaway massive stars as variable gamma-ray sources
• The Origin of Cosmic Rays: How Their Composition Defines Their Sources and Sites, and the Processes of Their Mixing, Injection and Acceleration
• A systematic study of Galactic infrared bubbles along the Galactic plane with AKARI and Herschel
• X-ray emission from the double-binary OB-star system QZ Car (HD 93206)
• The young stellar population of IC 1613. III. New O-type stars unveiled by GTC-OSIRIS
• BD+43 3654 -- a blue straggler?
• Massive Stars in the W33 Giant Molecular Complex
• Ionization Profiles of Galactic HII Regions
• A multi-wavelength census of stellar contents in the young cluster NGC 1624
• ALMA Observations of Giant Molecular Clouds in M33 I: Resolving Star Formation Activities in the Giant Molecular Filaments Possibly Formed by a Spiral Shock
• Open clusters: III. Fundamental parameters of B stars in NGC 6087, NGC 6250, NGC 6383 and NGC 6530. B type stars with circumstellar envelopes
• A catalog of planetary nebula candidates and HII regions in NGC 3109
• Quantifying the energy balance between the turbulent ionised gas and young stars
• Molecular envelope around the HII region RCW 120
• A bimodal dust grain distribution in the IC 434 HII region
• A new reference catalogue for the very metal-poor Universe: +150 OB stars in Sextans A
• The Long Period, Massive Binaries HD 37366 and HD 54662: Potential Targets for Long Baseline Optical Interferometry
• Stellar feedback in M83 as observed with MUSE -- I. Overview, an unprecedented view of the stellar and gas kinematics and evidence of outflowing gas
• High Resolution IR Observations of the Starburst Ring in NGC 7552 -- One Ring to Rule Them All?
• A Spitzer Space Telescope survey of massive young stellar objects in the G333.2-0.4 giant molecular cloud
• The Interstellar Bubbles of G38.9-0.4 and the Impact of Stellar Feedback on Star Formation
• The early evolution of young massive clusters: The kinematic history of NGC6611 / M16
• The CHARA Array resolves the long-period Wolf-Rayet binaries WR 137 and WR 138
• Astrophysical parameters of the peculiar X-ray transient IGR J11215-5952
• First science results from SOFIA/FORCAST: The mid-infrared view of the compact HII region W3A
• Chemical abundances of fast-rotating massive stars. II. Interpretation and comparison with evolutionary models
• The First Dynamical Mass Determination of a Nitrogen-rich Wolf-Rayet Star using a Combined Visual and Spectroscopic Orbit
• A modern study of HD166734: a massive supergiant system
• Dispersal timescale of protoplanetary disks in the low-metallicity young cluster Dolidze 25
• Molecular gas in a Spitzer bubble N4: possible evidence for cloud-cloud collisions as a trigger of massive star formation
• Discovering a 5.72 Day Period in the Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient AX J1845.0-0433
• MY Camelopardalis, a very massive merger progenitor
• Is the bowshock of the runaway massive star HD 195592 a Fermi source?
• Star Formation in the Trifid Nebula
• Probing the weak wind phenomenon in Galactic O-type giants
• Demonstration of a novel method for measuring mass-loss rates for massive stars
• A BRITE view on the massive O-type supergiant V973 Scorpii: Hints towards internal gravity waves or subsurface convection zones
• Star formation around the mid-infrared bubble CN 148
• Improved spectral descriptions of planetary nebulae central stars
• Star formation in the nearby dwarf galaxy DDO 53: interplay between gas accretion and stellar feedback
• Massive open star clusters using the VVV survey V. Young clusters with an OB stellar population
• Temperature Structure and Metallicity in H II Regions
• The O- and B-Type Stellar Population in W3: Beyond the High-Density Layer
• An Extreme Case of a Misaligned Highly Flattened Wind in the Wolf-Rayet Binary CX Cephei
• Effective temperature of ionizing stars of extragalactic HII regions -- II: nebular parameter relations based on CALIFA data
• Swift observations of two supergiant fast X-ray transient prototypes in outburst
• Hydrodynamical models of cometary HII regions
• Triggered Star Formation in a Double Shell near W51A
• First detections of FS Canis Majoris stars in clusters. Evolutionary state as constrained by coeval massive stars
• The little-studied cluster Berkeley 90. I. LS III +46 11: a very massive O3.5 If* + O3.5 If* binary
• Apsidal motion in massive close binary systems. I. HD 165052 an extreme case?
• Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS Polarization Observations of Three Edge-on Massive YSOs
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of the hot-star spectra
• INTEGRAL and XMM-Newton observations of AX J1845.0-0433
• A VLT/FLAMES survey for massive binaries in Westerlund 1: VIII. Binary Systems and Orbital Parameters
• Radio and infrared recombination studies of the southern massive star-forming region G333.6-0.2
• High-Mass Star Formation in the Outer Scutum-Centaurus Arm
• Spectroscopic and physical parameters of Galactic O-type stars. I. Effects of rotation and spectral resolving power in the spectral classification of dwarfs and giants
• A radial velocity survey of the Carina Nebula's O-type stars
• The Importance of XUV Radiation as a Solution to the P V Mass Loss Rate Discrepancy in O-Stars
• Dynamical Masses for the Large Magellanic Cloud Massive Binary System [L72] LH 54-425
• Single-Star HII Regions as a Probe of Massive Star Spectral Energy Distributions
• An interesting candidate for isolated massive star formation in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Empirical properties of Very Massive Stars
• Optical spectroscopy of the high-mass gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6-5856: A probable neutron star primary
• Imaging the transition between pre-planetary and planetary nebulae: Integral Field Spectroscopy of hot post-AGB stars with NIFS
• The long period eccentric orbit of the particle accelerator HD167971 revealed by long baseline interferometry
• Massive open star clusters using the VVV survey III: A young massive cluster at the far edge of the Galactic bar
• The dependence of stellar age distributions on GMC environment
• The Prevalence and Impact of Wolf-Rayet Stars in Emerging Massive Star Clusters
• Optical spectroscopy of the blue supergiant Sk-69 279 and its circumstellar shell with SALT
• The Wolf-Rayet binaries of the nitrogen sequence in the Large Magellanic Cloud: spectroscopy, orbital analysis, formation, and evolution
• The first interferometric survey in the K-band of massive YSOs. On the hot dust, ionised gas, and binarity at au scales
• Dusty OB Stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud - I: Optical Spectroscopy Reveals Predominantly Main-Sequence OB Stars
• Stellar wind models of central stars of planetary nebulae
• Characterization of the variability in the O+B eclipsing binary HD 165246
• Aperture Synthesis Observations of CO, HCN, and 89GHz Continuum Emission toward NGC 604 in M 33: Sequential Star Formation Induced by Supergiant Hii region
• The young massive star cluster Westerlund 2 observed with MUSE. I. First results on the cluster internal motion from stellar radial velocities
• IRAS03063+5735: A Bowshock Nebula Powered by an Early B Star
• Swift/XRT monitoring of the candidate Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient IGR J16418-4532
• 3D Radiative Transfer in $\eta$ Carinae: Application of the SimpleX Algorithm to 3D SPH Simulations of Binary Colliding Winds
• The orbital parameters of the gamma-ray binary LMC P3
• A multiwavelength study of the W33 Main ultracompact HII region
• X-ray properties of the young open clusters HM1 and IC2944/2948
• Luminous and Variable Stars in NGC 2403 and M81
• Multiple emission components in the Cygnus cocoon detected from Fermi-LAT observations
• An Emerging Wolf-Rayet Massive Star Cluster in NGC 4449
• Bow shocks, bow waves, and dust waves. III. Diagnostics
• Runaways and shells around the CMa OB1 association
• Mapping the distribution of OB stars and associations in Auriga
• X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity. IV. Spectral analysis methods and exemplary results for O stars
• A High Precision Survey of the D/H Ratio in the Nearby Interstellar Medium
• MY Serpentis: a high-mass triple system in the Ser OB2 association
• Physical properties of seven binary and higher-order multiple OB systems
• Helium and Nitrogen Enrichment in Massive Main Sequence Stars: Mechanisms and Implications for the Origin of WNL Stars
• Expanding Shell and Star Formation in the Infrared Dust Bubble N6
• Influence of XUV radiation on Pv ionization fraction in hot star winds
• Candidate X-ray-Emitting OB Stars in the MYStIX Massive Star-Forming Regions
• Radial Velocities of Galactic O-Type Stars. II. Single-lined Spectroscopic Binaries
• The Massive Stellar Population of W49: A Spectroscopic Survey
• The massive multiple system HD 64315
• Apsidal motion in the massive binary HD152248
• 3D radiative transfer simulations of Eta Carinae's inner colliding winds - II: Ionization structure of helium at periastron
• An Interferometric and Spectroscopic Analysis of the Multiple Star System HD 193322
• Observational signatures of past mass-exchange episodes in massive binaries: The case of LSS 3074
• PN fast winds: Temporal structure and stellar rotation
• Spectroscopic study of the extremely young O-type triple system Herschel 36 A in the Hourglass Nebula. I. Orbital properties
• Star formation and evolution of blister-type H{\sc ii} region Sh2-112
• First orbital solution for the non-thermal emitter Cyg OB2 #9
• Super-Eddington Accretion in the Ultraluminous X-ray Source NGC1313 X-2: An Ephemeral Feast
• A very young component in the pre-eminent starburst region of the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Simulating ionization feedback from young massive stars: impact of numerical resolution
• First Views of a Nearby LIRG: Star Formation and Molecular Gas in IRAS 04296+2923
• The Arches cluster revisited. III. An addendum to the stellar census
• Escape from the Bermuda cluster: orphanization by multiple stellar ejections
• Modelling ripples in Orion with coupled dust dynamics and radiative transfer
• Mid- and far-infrared properties of Spitzer Galactic bubbles revealed by the AKARI all-sky surveys
• Origin of the Lyman excess in early-type stars
• A multi-wavelength interferometric study of the massive young stellar object IRAS 13481-6124
• HD 152246 - a new high-mass triple system and its basic properties
• Enhancement of CO(3-2)/CO(1-0) Ratios and Star Formation Efficiencies in Supergiant HII Regions
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Infrared-Excess Stellar Objects in the Young Supernova Remnant G54.1+0.3
• A Tale of Two Impostors: SN2002kg and SN1954J in NGC 2403
• A Survey for High-Mass Eclipsing Binaries
• The Distance of the Gamma-ray Binary 1FGL J1018.6-5856
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Dragonfish Association: The Galaxy's Most Luminosity OB Association
• Chandra grating spectroscopy of embedded wind shock X-ray emission from O stars shows low plasma temperatures and significant wind absorption
• Young Stellar Clusters Containing Massive Young Stellar Objects in the VVV Survey
• Beyond the Solar Circle $-$ Trends in Massive Star Formation Between the Inner and Outer Galaxy
• Modeling the ionizing spectra of H ii regions: individual stars versus stellar ensembles
• Detection of variable VHE gamma-ray emission from the extra-galactic gamma-ray binary LMC P3
• The BLAST View of the Star Forming Region in Aquila (ell=45deg,b=0deg)
• Multiplicity of northern bright O-type stars with optical long baseline interferometry
• Carbon line formation and spectroscopy in O-type stars
• Revealing the "missing" low-mass stars in the S254-S258 star forming region by deep X-ray imaging
• SDSS galaxies with double-peaked emission lines: double starbursts or AGNs?
• Deep Narrowband Photometry of the M101 Group: Strong-Line Abundances of 720 HII Regions
• The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula survey XX. The nature of the X-ray bright emission line star VFTS 399
• A wind-blown bubble in the Central Molecular Zone cloud G0.253+0.016
• The X-ray under-luminosity of the O-type supergiants HD16691 and HD14947 revealed by XMM-Newton
• Infrared dust bubble CS51 and its interaction with the surrounding interstellar medium
• Sub-arcsec Observations of NGC 7538 IRS 1: Continuum Distribution and Dynamics of Molecular Gas
• A global view on star formation: The GLOSTAR Galactic plane survey X. Galactic HII region catalog using radio recombination lines
• An Interacting O+O Supergiant Close Binary System: Cygnus OB2-5 (V729 Cyg)
• The physical environment around IRAS 17599-2148: infrared dark cloud and bipolar nebula
• Long-term XMM-Newton investigation of two particle-accelerating colliding-wind binaries in NGC6604: HD168112 and HD167971
• IRAS 15099-5856: Remarkable Mid-Infrared Source with Prominent Crystalline Silicate Emission Embedded in the Supernova Remnant MSH15-52
• New and revised parameters for several southern OB binaries
• Star formation in the S233 region
• On the massive young stellar object AFGL4176: High-spatial-resolution multi-wavelength observations and modeling
• Near-infrared spectroscopy of the massive stellar population of W51: evidence for multi-seeded star formation
• Accretion and outflow in the proplyd-like objects near Cygnus OB2
• The environs of the ultracompact HII region G45.45+0.06
• SOFIA FEEDBACK Survey: The Pillars of Creation in [C II] and Molecular Lines
• Magnetorotational instability in decretion disks of critically rotating stars and the outer structure of Be and Be/X-ray disks
• Near-infrared photometry of Galactic planetary nebulae with the VVV Survey
• Angular Sizes and Effective Temperatures of O-type Stars from Optical Interferometry with the CHARA Array
• A study of the neglected Galactic HII region NGC 2579 and its companion ESO 370-9
• A Multi-wavelength study of 1WGA J1346.5-6255: a new $\gamma$ Cas analog unrelated to the background supernova remnant G309.2-00.6
• GSH 006-15+7: A local Galactic supershell featuring transition from HI emission to absorption
• The massive eclipsing LMC Wolf-Rayet binary BAT99-129. 1 Orbital parameters, hydrogen content and spectroscopic characteristics
• CO observations toward the isolated mid-infrared bubble S44: External triggering of O-star formation by a cloud-cloud collision
• APEX CO observations towards the photodissociation region of RCW120
• Emission Lines in the Near-infrared Spectra of the Infrared Quintuplet Stars in the Galactic Center
• Mid-Infrared diagnostics of metal-rich HII regions from VLT and Spitzer Spectroscopy of Young Massive Stars in W31
• Photoevaporation of Molecular Clouds in Regions of Massive Star Formation as Revealed Through H${}_2$ and Br$\gamma$ Emission
• Detection of [O III] at z~3: A Galaxy above the Main Sequence, Rapidly Assembling its Stellar Mass
• Runaway Massive Binaries and Cluster Ejection Scenarios
• Sagittarius B1 -- A Patchwork of H II Regions and PhotoDissociation Regions
• Hot subdwarf wind models with accurate abundances I. Hydrogen dominated stars HD 49798 and BD+18${}^{\circ }$2647
• Near-infrared study of the stellar population of Sh2-152
• Discovery of a young and massive stellar cluster: Spectrophotometric near-infrared study of Masgomas-1
• Chandra X-ray observation of the HII region Gum 31 in the Carina Nebula complex
• Near-Infrared Imaging Polarimetry of S106 Cluster-Forming Region with SIRPOL
• The multiplicity of massive stars in the Scorpius OB1 association through high-contrast imaging
• SOAR-OSIRIS observations of the Sh 2-307 HII region: Triggered star formation beyond the solar circle
• Swift/XRT orbital monitoring of the candidate supergiant fast X-ray transient IGR J17354-3255
• A Herschel and BIMA study of the sequential star formation near the W48A HII region
• A catalog of planetary nebula candidates in the Sculptor spiral galaxy NGC 300
• A multi-wavelength view of distinct accretion regimes in the pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2
• Infall, outflow, and turbulence in massive star-forming cores in the G333 giant molecular cloud
• Cold gas in hot star clusters: the wind from the red supergiant W26 in Westerlund 1
• And then they were two: detection of non-thermal radio emission from the bow shocks of two runaway stars
• Mid - infrared interferometry of massive young stellar objects II Evidence for a circumstellar disk surrounding the Kleinmann - Wright object
• IRAS 19520+2759: a 10^5 Lsun massive young stellar object driving a collimated outflow
• New self-consistent wind parameters fitting optical spectra of O-type stars observed with HERMES spectrograph
• Stellar feedback impact on the ionized gas kinematics in the dwarf galaxy Sextans A
• Variations on a theme -- the puzzling behaviour of Schulte 12
• Non-synchronous rotations in massive binary systems. HD93343 revisited
• Influence of X-ray radiation on the hot star wind ionization state and on the radiative force
• Massive open star clusters using the VVV survey IV. WR 62-2, a new very massive star in the core of the VVV CL041 cluster
• Finding the birthplace of HMXBs in the Galaxy using Gaia EDR3: kinematical age determination through orbit integration
• New X-ray detections of known Wolf-Rayet stars
• Spitzer observations of Bow Shocks and Outflows in RCW 38
• The Massive Binary System 9 Sgr Revisited: New Insights into Disentangling Methods
• The Initial Mass Function in the Extended Ultraviolet Disk of M83
• A VLT/FLAMES survey for massive binaries in Westerlund 1: VI. Properties of X-ray bright massive cluster members
• Stellar tracers of the Cygnus Arm. II: A young open cluster in Cam OB3
• Two-Dimensional Molecular Gas and ongoing star formation around H II region Sh2-104
• Zeta Oph and the weak-wind problem
• VLT/SPHERE deep insight of NGC 3603's core: Segregation or confusion?
• MEGARA-GTC Stellar Spectral Library (I)
• A rotating fast bipolar wind and disk system around the B[e]-type star MWC 922
• Multiple episodes of star formation in the CN15/16/17 molecular complex
• The Galactic HII Region Luminosity Function at Radio and Infrared Wavelengths
• The extreme O-type spectroscopic binary HD 93129A
• Similar but different: the varied landscape of Onfp/Oef stars variability
• Spitzer observations of extragalactic H II regions - III. NGC 6822 and the hot star, H II region connection
• Fundamental parameters of massive stars in multiple systems: The cases of HD17505A and HD206267A
• The Membership and Distance of the Open Cluster Collinder 419
• Helium Ionization in the Diffuse Ionized Gas surrounding UCHII regions
• CPD-64 2731: a massive spun-up and rejuvenated high-velocity runaway star
• The stellar population of the star forming region G61.48+0.09
• The Three body system delta Circini
• First VLT/X-shooter spectroscopy of early-type stars outside the Local Group
• X-ray emission from Westerlund 2 detected by SRG/ART-XC and Chandra: search for radiation of TeV leptons
• Extraplanar H II Regions in Spiral Galaxies. II. In Situ Star Formation in the Interstellar Thick Disk of NGC 4013
• The Carina High-contrast Imaging Project for massive Stars (CHIPS): II. O stars in Trumpler~14
• Non-thermal radio emission from O-type stars. V. 9 Sgr
• The long-period massive binary HD~54662 revisited
• Low-excitation blobs in the Magellanic Clouds
• An interferometric study of B star multiplicity
• Phase resolved X-ray spectroscopy of HDE228766: Probing the wind of an extreme Of+/WNLha star
• The nature of the line profile variability in the spectrum of the massive binary HD 152219
• BRITE photometry of the massive post-RLOF system HD149404
• The Massive Stellar Population in the Young Association LH 95 in the LMC
• Mid Infrared View of the High Mass Star Formation Region W51A
• X-ray, optical and infrared investigation of the candidate Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient IGR J18462-0223
• The winking eye of a very massive star: WR 21a revealed as an eclipsing binary by TESS
• Eclipsing high-mass binaries I. Light curves and system parameters for CPD-518946, PISMIS24-1 and HD319702
• Two Optical Counterpart Candidates of M82-X1 from HST Observations
• FIT{\it spec}: a new algorithm for the automated fit of synthetic stellar spectra for OB stars
• Ultra-compact Embedded Clusters in the Galactic Plane
• Probing the low-mass end of the companion mass function for O-type stars
• Investigation of the WR 11 field at decimeter wavelengths
• Hints about the multiplicity of WR 133 based on multiepoch radio observations
• An XMM-Newton view of the M17 nebula
• The Evolutionary State of the Massive Interacting Binary BD+36 4063
• Physical parameters of the O6.5V+B1V eclipsing binary system LS 1135
• Spectroscopic study of the variability of three northern Of+ supergiants
• A photometric and spectroscopic investigation of star formation in the very young open cluster NGC6383
• Unveiling the near-infrared structure of the massive-young stellar object NGC 3603 IRS 9A with sparse aperture masking and spectroastrometry
• On the nature of the single eclipse per 80d orbit of the H-rich luminous WN star WR22
• Analysis of absorption lines in the high resolution spectra of five hot post-AGB candidates
• Constraining the fundamental parameters of the O-type binary CPD-41degr7733
• Spectroscopic study of the O-type runaway supergiant HD 195592
• The massive eclipsing system ALS 1135 and variable stars in the field of the distant OB association Bochum 7
• OB Associations at the Upper End of the Milky Way Luminosity Function
• Variable dust formation by the colliding-wind Wolf-Rayet system HD 36402 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Detection of single-degenerate massive binaries with Gaia: The impact of blue supergiants, triples, mass precision, and high-precision parallax requirements
• Dusty Cradles in a Turbulent Nursery: The Sgr A East HII Region Complex at the Galactic Center
• Accretion disc by Roche lobe overflow in the supergiant fast X-ray transient IGR J08408-4503
• Stellar-wind feedback and magnetic fields around young compact star clusters: 3D MHD simulations
• Spectrum of the secondary component and new orbital elements of the massive triple star Delta Ori A
• Galatic HII region IRAS 17149$-$3916 -- A multiwavelength study
• A multi-wavelength analysis of the diffuse HII region G25.8700+0.1350
• X-ray emission from massive stars with magnetic fields
• Dust emission at 8-mic and 24-mic as Diagnostics of HII Region Radiative Transfer
• Distance and age of the massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1. II. The eclipsing binary W36
• The nature of the light variability of magnetic Of?p star HD 191612
• Dust Emission from Evolved and Unevolved HII Regions in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Detection of new O-type stars in the obscured stellar cluster Tr 16-SE in the Carina Nebula with KMOS
• X-Shooting ULLYSES: massive stars at low metallicity: XII. The clumped winds of O-type (super)giants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Effect of rotational mixing and metallicity on the hot star wind mass-loss rates
• Accurate fundamental parameters and distance to a massive early-type eclipsing binary in the Danks 2 cluster
• Detection of Deuterated Hydrocarbon Nanoparticles in the Whirlpool Galaxy, M51
• Unveiling the nature of IGR J16283-4838
• SCOTCH -- Search for Clandestine Optically Thick Compact HIIs
• A Detailed Far-Ultraviolet Spectral Atlas of O-Type Stars
• LIFELINE: The program for the simulation of the X-ray line profiles in massive colliding wind binaries
• A study of photoionized gas in two HII regions of the N44 complex in the LMC using MUSE observations
• Two compact HII regions at the remote outskirts of the Magellanic Clouds
• Multiwavelength study of the G345.5+1.5 region
• Massive stars in the young cluster VVV CL074
• Variable millimetre radiation from the colliding-wind binary Cyg OB2 #8A
• The Effective Temperatures of O-type Stars from UV spectroscopy
• The Orbit of NGC 5907 ULX-1
• SCOTCH Search for Clandestine Optically Thick Compact HII regions II
• The little-studied cluster Berkeley 90. III. Cluster parameters
• NLTE 1.5D Modeling of Red Giant Stars
• Masgomas-4: Physical characterization of a double-core obscured cluster with a massive and very young stellar population
• A new massive double-lined spectroscopic binary system: The Wolf-Rayet star WR 68a
• The distribution, kinematics and luminosities of extreme helium stars as probes of their origin and evolution
• Clustered Formation of Massive Stars within an Ionized Rotating Disk
• The nature of the compact HII region Sh 2-89 and its stellar content
• The embedded ring-like feature and star formation activities in G35.673-00.847
• Identifying two groups of massive stars aligned in the $l\sim 38^{\circ }$ Galactic direction
• A Comprehensive Study of the Young Cluster IRAS 05100+3723: Properties, Surrounding Interstellar Matter, and Associated Star Formation
• A Deep Census of Outlying Star Formation in the M101 Group
• A mid-infrared study of HII regions in the Magellanic Clouds: N88A and N160A
• The IACOB project XV. Updated calibrations of fundamental parameters of Galactic O-type stars
• Swift unveils the orbital period of IGR J18214-1318
• The O-type eclipsing binary SZ Cam revisited
• Spectroscopic and photometric analysis of the early-type spectroscopic binary HD 161853 in the centre of an H II region
• MIRIS Paα Galactic Plane Survey. I. Comparison with IPHAS Hα in l = 96°-116°
• The embedded clusters DBS 77, 78, 102, and 160-161 and their link with the interstellar medium
• Hot-star wind models with magnetically split line blanketing
• M1-78: a nitrogen-rich Galactic compact HII region beyond the Perseus arm
• Gaia-ESO Survey: massive stars in the Carina Nebula. II. The spectroscopic analysis of the O-star population
• G-0.02-0.07, the Compact HII Region Complex nearest to the Galactic Center with ALMA
• Are the O stars in WR+O binaries exceptionally rapid rotators?
• Radio observations of evaporating objects in the Cygnus OB2 region
• Studying a precessing jet of a massive young stellar object within a chemically rich region
• Long-term optical variability of the Be/X-ray binary GRO J2058+42
• New insight into the massive eccentric binary HD 165052: self-consistent orbital solution, apsidal motion, and fundamental parameters
• Search for non-thermal X-ray emission in the colliding wind binary Cyg OB2 #8A
• Multiwavelength Observations of the Runaway Binary HD 15137
• Strong Variability in AzV 493, an Extreme Oe-Type Star in the SMC
• On the central ionizing star of G23.96+0.15 and near-IR spectral classification of O stars
• JVLA Observations of IC342: Probing Star Formation in the Nucleus
• Sh2-205: I. The surrounding interstellar medium
• Detections of massive stars in the cluster MCM2005b77, in the star-forming regions GRS G331.34$-$00.36 (S62) and GRS G337.92$-$00.48 (S36)
• Physical characterization of S169: A prototypical IR bubble associated with the massive star-forming region IRAS12326-6245
• Gaseous nebulae and massive stars in the giant HI ring in Leo
• Turbulent Pressure Heats Gas and Suppresses Star Formation in Galactic Bar Molecular Clouds
• HII region G46.5-0.2: the interplay between ionizing radiation, molecular gas and star formation
• Thermal emission from bow shocks. III. Variable diffuse X-ray emission from stellar-wind bow shocks driven by dynamical instabilities
• Period change of massive binaries from combined photometric and spectroscopic data in Cygnus OB2
• Fundamental parameters of the massive eclipsing binary HM1 8
• High Angular Resolution Imaging Spectroscopy of the Galactic Ultra-Compact HII Region K3-50A
• SOFIA FIFI-LS spectroscopy of DR21 Main: energetics of the spatially-resolved outflow from a high-mass protostar
• The colliding-wind binary HD 168112
• Search strategies for supermassive stars in young clusters and application to nearby galaxies
• NANTEN 12CO (J=1-0) observations around the star WR 55
• Study of the molecular and ionized gas in a possible precursor of an ultra-compact HII region
• The outer orbit of the high-mass stellar triple system Herschel 36 determined with the VLTI
• Towards a consistent model of the hot quadruple system HD 93206 = QZ Carinae - I. Observations and their initial analyses
• Gas dynamics in the star forming region G18.148$-$0.283: Is it a manifestation of two colliding molecular clouds?
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Ultracompact \ion{H}{2} regions in W51A with NIFS/ALTAIR
• Radial velocities from far red spectra of Carina Arm O and early B stars
• The highly ionized, high velocity gas in NGC 6231
• Spatial distribution and clustering properties of the young stellar populations in the Carina Nebula complex and Car OB1
• A First Look at the X-ray Population of the Young Massive Cluster VVV CL077
• Radio study of the colliding wind binary HD93129A near periastron and its surroundings
• Sapaki: Galactic O3If* star possibly born in isolation
• A multi-wavelength study of Galactic H II regions with extended emission
• Investigating the physical conditions in extended system hosting mid-infrared bubble N14
• Properties of dwarf stars in Cygnus OB2
• Investigation of the nature of the wind interaction in HD93205 based on multi-epoch X-ray observations
• Massive Stars in Molecular Clouds Rich in High-energy Sources: The Bridge of G332.809-0.132 and CS 78 in NGC 6334
• SIGNALS of Giant HII Regions: A Spatially Resolved Analysis of NGC 604
• MONOS: Multiplicity Of Northern O-type Spectroscopic systems. III. New orbits and Gaia TESS analysis for 10 SB2E systems
• Micro-turbulence across the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Observational constrains for stars in the MW
• ngVLA Synthetic Observations of Ionized Gas in Massive Protostars
• The feedback of massive stars on interstellar astrochemical processes
• Investigating star-formation activity towards the southern HII region RCW 42
• WR 63: A multiple system (O+O)+WR ?
• Stellar feedback and triggered star formation in the prototypical bubble RCW 120
• A Survey for hot Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae I. Methods and First Results
• Apsidal motion and proximity effects in the massive binary BD+60 497
• Wind structure of late B supergiants I. Multi-line analyses of near-surface and wind structure in HD 199 478 (B8 Iae)
• Assessing the stellar population and the environment of an HII region on the far side of the Galaxy
• Kinematics and Feedback in H II regions in the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy IC 10
• A VLA Census of the Galactic H II Region Population
• New mass estimates for massive binary systems: a probabilistic approach using polarimetric radiative transfer
• Astrophysical parameters of LS 437 and the nature of X0726-260
• MIRIS Paα Galactic Plane Survey. II. The Catalog of Paα Emission-line Sources
• Study of Massive OBA Stars with X-ray Emission
• Joint Survey Processing II: Stellar Proper Motions in the COSMOS Field, from Hubble Space Telescope ACS and Subaru Telescope HSC Observations
• Unveiling accretion in the massive YSO G033.3891. Spatial and kinematic constraints from the CO bandhead emission
• SDSS-V LVM: Verifying what, and where, the 'Galactic Center' Lobe is
• Novel application to estimate the mass-loss and the dust-formation rates in O-type gamma-ray binaries using near-infrared photometry
• The Stellar Content of Obscured Galactic Giant HII Regions. VI: W51A