Multiwavelength study of the G345.5+1.5 region

Abstract

Star-forming regions are usually studied in the context of Galactic surveys, but dedicated observations are sometimes needed when the study reaches beyond the survey area. Here, we studied the G345.5+1.5 region, which is located slightly above the Galactic plane, to understand its star formation properties. We combined the LABOCA and ${}^{12}$CO(4$-$3) transition line observations complemented with the Hi-GAL and $Spitzer$-GLIMPSE surveys to study the star formation toward this region. We used the Clumpfind algorithm to extract the clumps from the 870$\mu$m and ${}^{12}$CO(4$-$3) data. Radio emission at 36cm was used to estimate the number of HII regions and to remove the contamination from the free-free emission at 870$\mu$m. We employed color-color diagrams and spectral energy distribution slopes to distinguish between prestellar and protostellar clumps. We studied the boundedness of the clumps through the virial parameter. Finally, we estimated the star formation efficiency and star formation rate of the region and used the Schmidt-Kennicutt diagram to compare its ability to form stars. Of the 13 radio sources that we found using the MGPS-2 catalog, 7 are found to be associated with HII regions corresponding to late-B or early-O stars. We found 45 870$\mu$m clumps, and 107 ${}^{12}$CO clumps. More than 50\% of the clumps are protostellar and bounded and are able to host star formation. High SFR and SFR density values are associated with the region, with an SFE of a few percent. With submillimeter, CO transition, and short-wavelength infrared observations, our study reveals a population of massive stars, protostellar and bound starless clumps, toward G345.5+1.5. This region is therefore actively forming stars, and its location in the starburst quadrant of the Schmidt-Kennicutt diagram is comparable to other star-forming regions found within the Galactic plane.

arXiv comment20 pages - 15 figures

References in corpus (70)

• The Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the Herschel Space Observatory
• The Herschel-SPIRE instrument and its in-flight performance
• The CO-to-H2 Conversion Factor
• The Initial Mass Function of Stars: Evidence for Uniformity in Variable Systems
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of High Mass Star Forming Regions: the Structure and Kinematics of the Milky Way
• GLIMPSE: I. A SIRTF Legacy Project to Map the Inner Galaxy
• A new calibration of stellar parameters of Galactic O stars
• The Formation of Massive Stars from Turbulent Cores
• Cold Dark Clouds: The Initial Conditions for Star Formation
• The Wavelength Dependence of Interstellar Extinction from 1.25 to 8.0 microns Using GLIMPSE Data
• Clouds, filaments and protostars: the Herschel Hi-GAL Milky Way
• Characterizing interstellar filaments with Herschel in IC5146
• Global survey of star clusters in the Milky Way II. The catalogue of basic parameters
• MAMBO Mapping of Spitzer c2d Small Clouds and Cores
• Hi-GAL: the Herschel infrared Galactic Plane Survey
• Herschel view of the Taurus B211/3 filament and striations: Evidence of filamentary growth?
• The WISE Catalog of Galactic HII Regions
• The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Northern Sky Survey
• Outflow Feedback Regulated Massive Star Formation in Parsec-Scale Cluster Forming Clumps
• The Aao/Ukst Supercosmos H-alpha Survey (SHS)
• Low Virial Parameters in Molecular Clouds: Implications for High Mass Star Formation and Magnetic Fields
• The Red MSX Source Survey: the Massive Young Stellar Population of our Galaxy
• ATLASGAL - Compact source catalogue: 330 < l < 21 degrees
• The Molonglo Galactic Plane Survey (MGPS-2): Compact Source Catalogue
• The Nature of the Dense Core Population in the Pipe Nebula: Thermal Cores Under Pressure
• The Green Bank Telescope HII Region Discovery Survey II. The Source Catalog
• The ATLASGAL survey: a catalog of dust condensations in the Galactic plane
• From Massive Protostars to a Giant HII Region: Submillimeter Imaging of the Galactic Mini-starburst W43
• Star Formation in Massive Clusters via the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe and the Spitzer Glimpse Survey
• The Dynamics of Massive Starless Cores with ALMA
• Star formation around RCW 120, the perfect bubble
• Probing the initial conditions of high-mass star formation. II. Fragmentation, stability, and chemistry
• Source extraction and photometry for the far-infrared and sub-millimeter continuum in the presence of complex backgrounds
• CO outflows from high-mass Class 0 protostars in Cygnus-X
• The Earliest Phases of Star Formation (EPoS): A Herschel Key Program - The precursors to high-mass stars and clusters
• The Dust Properties of Bubble HII Regions as seen by Herschel
• Low-velocity shocks traced by extended SiO emission along the W43 ridges: witnessing the formation of young massive clusters
• The dangers of being trigger--happy
• ATLASGAL - Kinematic distances and the dense gas mass distribution of the inner Galaxy
• VLT K-band spectroscopy of massive young stellar objects in (ultra-)compact HII regions
• The earliest phases of high-mass star formation, as seen in NGC 6334 by \emph{Herschel}
• Massive stars in massive clusters IV: Disruption of clouds by momentum-driven winds
• Feedback in Clouds II: UV Photoionisation and the first supernova in a massive cloud
• Dense Cores in Perseus: The Influence of Stellar Content and Cluster Environment
• Interstellar matter and star formation in W5-E - A Herschel view
• ALMA survey of massive cluster progenitors from ATLASGAL. Limited fragmentation at the early evolutionary stage of massive clumps
• Testing Larson's relationships in massive clumps
• The ATLASGAL survey: distribution of cold dust in the Galactic plane. Combination with Planck data
• Dense core properties in the Infrared Dark cloud G14.225-0.506 revealed by ALMA
• The W43-MM1 mini-starburst ridge, a test for star formation efficiency models
• Herschel Observations of the W3 GMC: Clues to the Formation of Clusters of High-Mass Stars
• Star formation towards the Galactic HII region RCW120
• The scaling relations and star formation laws of ministarburst complexes
• The JCMT and Herschel Gould Belt Surveys: A comparison of SCUBA-2 and Herschel data of dense cores in the Taurus dark cloud L1495
• Distance biases in the estimation of the physical properties of Hi-GAL compact sources-I. Clump properties and the identification of high-mass star forming candidates
• Spatial distribution of star formation related to ionized regions throughout the inner Galactic plane
• Slow ionized wind and rotating disklike system associated with the high-mass young stellar object G345.4938+01.4677
• ATLASGAL - Ammonia observations towards the southern Galactic Plane
• Herschel observations of the Galactic HII region RCW 79
• ALMA observations of RCW 120 Fragmentation at 0.01pc scale
• The Effects of Protostellar Jet Feedback on Turbulent Collapse
• Lack of high-mass prestellar cores in the starless MDCs of NGC6334
• The Three-mm Ultimate Mopra Milky Way Survey. II. Cloud and Star Formation Near the Filamentary Ministarburst RCW 106
• The QUaD Galactic Plane Survey II: A Compact Source Catalog
• Massive star formation in the GMC G345.5+1.0: Spatial distribution of the dust emission
• An analysis of star formation with Herschel in the Hi-GAL Survey. II. The tips of the Galactic bar
• The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: Evidence for radiative heating and contamination in the W40 complex
• The segregation of starless and protostellar clumps in the Hi-GAL l=224deg region
• G345.45+1.50: An expanding ring-like structure with massive star formation
• Large-scale CO (J=4-3) Mapping toward the Orion-A Giant Molecular Cloud

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Bird's eye view of molecular clouds in the Milky Way: I. Column density and star formation from sub-pc to kpc scales
• Characterization of dense Planck clumps observed with Herschel and SCUBA-2