An Efficient Algorithm for Positioning Tiles in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Abstract

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will observe around 10^6 spectra from targets distributed over an area of about 10,000 square degrees, using a multi-object fiber spectrograph which can simultaneously observe 640 objects in a circular field-of-view (referred to as a ``tile'') 1.49 degrees in radius. No two fibers can be placed closer than 55'' during the same observation; multiple targets closer than this distance are said to ``collide.'' We present here a method of allocating fibers to desired targets given a set of tile centers which includes the effects of collisions and which is nearly optimally efficient and uniform. Because of large-scale structure in the galaxy distribution (which form the bulk of the SDSS targets), a naive covering the sky with equally-spaced tiles does not yield uniform sampling. Thus, we present a heuristic for perturbing the centers of the tiles from the equally-spaced distribution which provides more uniform completeness. For the SDSS sample, we can attain a sampling rate greater than 92% for all targets, and greater than 99% for the set of targets which do not collide with each other, with an efficiency greater than 90% (defined as the fraction of available fibers assigned to targets).

22 pages, including 8 figures, submitted to AJ

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• Spectroscopic Target Selection for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The Luminous Red Galaxy Sample
• Spectroscopic Target Selection in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The Quasar Sample
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• A Catalog of Very Isolated Galaxies from the SDSS Data Release 1
• The Environment of Active Galaxies in the SDSS-DR4
• RASS-SDSS Galaxy Cluster Survey. VI. The dependence of the cluster SFR on the cluster global properties
• Quantitative Morphology of Galaxies from the SDSS I: Luminosity in Bulges and Disks
• COS-Weak: Probing the CGM using analogs of weak Mg II absorbers at z < 0.3
• VLT+UVES Spectroscopy of the CaII LoBAL Quasar SDSS J030000.56+004828.0
• Eight New Quasar Lenses from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Search
• Detection of Intergalactic HeII Absorption at Redshift 3.5
• Discovery of Four Gravitationally Lensed Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Astrometric Redshifts for Quasars
• The High-Mass End of the Red Sequence at z~0.55 from SDSS-III/BOSS: completeness, bimodality and luminosity function
• Spectral Variability of Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. II: The C IV Line
• SDSSJ102111.02+491330.4: A Newly Discovered Gravitationally Lensed Quasar
• Broadband Optical Properties of Massive Galaxies: the Dispersion Around the Field Galaxy Color-Magnitude Relation Out to z~0.4
• The challenge of large and empty voids in the SDSS DR7 redshift survey
• The effect of FIR emission from SDSS galaxies on the SFD Galactic extinction map
• Semi-empirical analysis of Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies: IV. A nature via nurture scenario for galaxy evolution
• The Close Binary Fraction of Dwarf M Stars
• Towards Accurate Modelling of Galaxy Clustering on Small Scales: Testing the Standard $\Lambda \mathrm{CDM}$ + Halo Model
• Neutrino masses from clustering of red and blue galaxies: a test of astrophysical uncertainties
• The close pair fraction of BCGs since $z=0.5$: major mergers dominate recent BCG stellar mass growth
• Color Dependence in the Spatial Distribution of Satellite Galaxies
• The Optical Luminosity Function of Void Galaxies in the SDSS and ALFALFA Surveys
• Galaxy clustering and projected density profiles as traced by satellites in photometric surveys: Methodology and luminosity dependence
• Two New Gravitationally Lensed Double Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Tracing the Filamentary Structure of the Galaxy Distribution at z~0.8
• Large Scale Clustering of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasars: Impact of the Baryon Density and the Cosmological Constant
• Discovery of a Gravitationally Lensed Quasar from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: SDSS J133222.62+034739.9
• Fourier Phase Analysis of SDSS Galaxies
• Luminous Red Galaxy Population in Clusters at $0.2\le z\le 0.6$
• Dependence of Galaxy Shape on Environment in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Mass models and environment of the new quadruply lensed quasar SDSS J1330+1810
• Updated void catalogs of the SDSS DR7 main sample
• Probing the low-redshift star formation rate as a function of metallicity through the local environments of type II supernovae
• SDSS J1056+5516: A Triple AGN or an SMBH Recoil Candidate?
• Wolf-Rayet Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: the metallicity dependence of the initial mass function
• Galaxy Zoo: Multi-Mergers and the Millennium Simulation
• Halo Occupation Distribution Modeling of Green Valley Galaxies
• Cross-Correlation of the Extragalactic Gamma-ray Background with Luminous Red Galaxies
• Evolution of the Galaxy Luminosity Function at z < 0.3
• Oxygen abundance in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Mergers of luminous early-type galaxies in the local universe and gravitational wave background
• Narrow absorption line variability in repeat quasar observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Interacting galaxies: co-rotating and counter-rotating systems with tidal tails
• SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Analysis of Potential Systematics in Fitting of Baryon Acoustic Feature
• Lensing Probabilities for Spectroscopically Selected Galaxy-Galaxy Strong Lenses
• Candidate spectroscopic binaries in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Targeting supermassive black hole binaries and gravitational wave sources for the pulsar timing array
• The Galaxy Cross-Correlation Function as a Probe of the Spatial Distribution of Galactic Satellites
• A Sample of Candidate Radio Stars in FIRST and SDSS
• A New Quadruply Lensed Quasar: SDSSJ125107.57+293540.5
• RESOLVE and ECO: The Halo Mass-Dependent Shape of Galaxy Stellar and Baryonic Mass Functions
• Caught in the Act: Discovery of a Physical Quasar Triplet
• Measurement of $H(z)$ and $D_A(z)$ from the two-dimensional power spectrum of Sloan Digital Sky Survey luminous red galaxies
• Fiber Assignment in Next-generation Wide-field Spectrographs
• The Transparency of Galaxy Clusters
• Pattern recognition in the ALFALFA.70 and Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: A catalog of $\sim$ 500,000 HI gas fraction estimates based on artificial neural networks
• The Evolution of Post-Starburst Galaxies from $z\sim 1$ to the Present
• A Direct Measurement of the Mean Occupation Function of Quasars: Breaking Degeneracies between Halo Occupation Distribution Models
• Probing Spectroscopic Variability of Galaxies & Narrow-Line Active Galactic Nuclei in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Robust automatic photometry of local galaxies from SDSS Dissecting the color magnitude relation with color profiles
• Comparing cosmic web classifiers using information theory
• Fundamental Plane of BOSS galaxies: Correlations with galaxy properties, density field and impact on RSD measurements
• The Galaxy Population In Voids: Are All Voids The Same?
• The Effect of Minor and Major Mergers on the Evolution of Low Excitation Radio Galaxies
• Maturing Satellite Kinematics into a Competitive Probe of the Galaxy-Halo Connection
• Morphological Classification of Galaxies by Shapelet Decomposition in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II: Multiwavelength Classification
• Exploring Relations Between BCG \& Cluster Properties in the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources Survey from $0.05<z<0.3$
• Critical Examinations of QSO Redshift Periodicities and Associations with Galaxies in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data
• Stellar mass as the "glocal" driver of galaxies' stellar population properties
• Counts-in-Cylinders in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with Comparisons to N-body Simulations
• Quasars probing quasars X: The quasar pair spectral database
• The Effect of Variability on the Estimation of Quasar Black Hole Masses
• Discovery of Four Doubly Imaged Quasar Lenses from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Are galaxies with AGN a transition population?
• Extreme Variability in a Broad Absorption Line Quasar
• RSD measurements from BOSS galaxy power spectrum using the halo perturbation theory model
• The Tiling Algorithm for the 6dF Galaxy Survey
• The role of stellar mass and environment for cluster blue fraction, AGN fraction and star-formation indicators from a targeted analysis of Abell 1691
• Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei III: Discovery of Late-Stage Galaxy Mergers with The Hubble Space Telescope
• Forward Modeling of Spectroscopic Galaxy Surveys: Application to SDSS
• Nature and completeness of galaxies detected in the Two Micron All Sky Survey
• Full forward model of galaxy clustering statistics with AbacusSummit lightcones
• A Lyman-alpha-only AGN from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Measuring the luminosity and virial black hole mass dependence of quasar-galaxy clustering at z ~ 0.8
• A Direct Measurement of the High-Mass End of the Velocity Dispersion Function at $z\sim 0.55$ from SDSS-III/BOSS
• The formation of bulges and black holes: lessons from a census of active galaxies in the SDSS
• Can AGN and galaxy clusters explain the surface brightness fluctuations of the cosmic X-ray background?
• SSGSS: The Spitzer-SDSS-GALEX Spectroscopic Survey
• Void Galaxy Distribution: A Challenge for $\Lambda$CDM
• Using GAMA to probe the impact of small-scale galaxy physics on nonlinear redshift-space distortions
• Source Matching in the SDSS and RASS: Which Galaxies are Really X-ray Sources?
• Determining the large-scale environmental dependence of gas-phase metallicity in dwarf galaxies
• SDSS J133401.39+331534.3: A New Subarcsecond Gravitationally Lensed Quasar
• Probabilistic fibre-to-target assignment algorithm for multi-object spectroscopic surveys
• Impact of tidal environment on galaxy clustering in GAMA
• Relativistic Effects on Galaxy Redshift Samples due to Target Selection
• Effect of observational holes in fractal analysis of galaxy survey masks
• Influence of the Void Environment on Chemical Abundances in Dwarf Galaxies and Implications for Connecting Star Formation and Halo Mass
• The quasar-galaxy cross SDSS J1320+1644: A probable large-separation lensed quasar
• VLT + UVES Spectroscopy of the Low-Ionization Intrinsic Absorber in SDSS J001130.56+005550.7
• Ca II and Na I Quasar Absorption-Line Systems in an Emission-Selected Sample of SDSS DR7 Galaxy/Quasar Projections: I. Sample Selection
• Classifying Radio Emitters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Spectroscopy and Diagnostics
• BASILISK: Bayesian Hierarchical Inference of the Galaxy-Halo Connection using Satellite Kinematics--I. Method and Validation
• Multiplicity functions of quasars: Predictions from the MassiveBlackII simulation
• Current star formation in early-type galaxies and the K+A phenomenon
• Large-scale environmental dependence of the abundance ratio of nitrogen to oxygen in blue, star-forming galaxies fainter than L*
• An optimised tiling pattern for multi-object spectroscopic surveys: application to the 4MOST survey
• Completeness - I. Revised, reviewed and revived
• What can we learn from higher multipole power spectra of galaxy distribution in redshift space?
• The Galactic extinction and reddening from the South Galactic Cap U-band Sky Survey: u band galaxy number counts and $u-r$ color distribution
• Red sequence modal colour gradients across intermediate X-ray luminosity galaxy clusters
• Total and dark mass from observations of galaxy centers with Machine Learning
• MaNGA AGN dwarf galaxies (MAD). III. The role of mergers and environment in active galactic nucleus activity in dwarf galaxies
• SDSS Pre-Burst Observations of Recent Gamma-Ray Burst Fields
• Optimal target assignment for massive spectroscopic surveys
• Elliptical Galaxies with Emission Lines from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Dependence of the ratio of total to visible mass on observable properties of SDSS MaNGA galaxies
• Interactions of galaxies outside clusters and massive groups
• SDSSJ103913.70+533029.7: A Super Star Cluster in the Outskirts of a Galaxy Merger
• Kinematics of MgII Absorbers from the Redshift-space Distortion Around Massive Quiescent Galaxies
• BASILISK II. Improved Constraints on the Galaxy-Halo Connection from Satellite Kinematics in SDSS
• Keck/Deimos Spectroscopy of a GALEX UV Selecte Sample from the Medium Imaging Survey
• Star formation properties of galaxy cluster A1767
• Particle Physics in the Sky and Astrophysics Underground: Connecting the Universe's Largest and Smallest Scales
• Using the large scale quasar clustering to constrain flat quintessential universes
• Extreme variability quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Dark Energy Survey
• Reclassification of the nearest quasar pair candidate: SDSS J15244+3032 - RXS J15244+3032
• Probing possible effects of circumgalactic media on the metal content of galaxies through the mass-metallicity relationship
• The Manticore Project II: Bayesian digital twins of cosmic structure across the SDSS and BOSS volumes
• Revisiting dual AGN candidates with spatially resolved LBT spectroscopy -- The impact of spillover light contamination