The Mass of the Convective Zone in FGK Main Sequence Stars and the Effect of Accreted Planetary Material on Apparent Metallicity Determinations

Abstract

The mass of the outer convective zone in FGK main sequence stars decreases dramatically with stellar mass. Therefore, any contamination of a star's atmosphere by accreted planetary material should affect hotter stars much more than cool stars. If recent suggestions that high metal abundances in stars with planets are caused by planetesimal accretion are correct, then metallicity enhancements in earlier-type stars with planets should be very pronounced. No such trend is seen, however.

Submitted ApJ Letters March 26th; accepted April 30th. 12 pages, 2 figures

References in corpus (1)

• Stellar Pollution in the Solar Neighborhood

Cited by in corpus (126)

• Spectroscopic [Fe/H] for 98 extra-solar planet-host stars: Exploring the probability of planet formation
• Hot Stars with Hot Jupiters Have High Obliquities
• Obliquities of Hot Jupiter host stars: Evidence for tidal interactions and primordial misalignments
• Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets II. Physical Properties of ~1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog
• The Compositional Diversity of Extrasolar Terrestrial Planets: I. In-Situ Simulations
• Statistical properties of exoplanets II. Metallicity, orbital parameters, and space velocities
• Spectroscopic metallicities for planet-host stars: extending the samples
• A Study of the Shortest-Period Planets Found With Kepler
• Planet formation and migration
• Stellar Parameters and Metallicities of Stars Hosting Jovian and Neptunian Mass Planets: A Possible Dependence of Planetary Mass on Metallicity
• Abundances of refractory elements in the atmospheres of stars with extrasolar planets
• Metallic fingers and metallicity excess in exoplanets host stars : the accretion hypothesis revisited
• Elemental abundance differences in the 16 Cygni binary system: a signature of gas giant planet formation?
• Lithium in stars with exoplanets
• Li abundances in F stars: planets, rotation and galactic evolution
• Predictions for the frequency and orbital radii of massive extrasolar planets
• Stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 223 evolved stars with and without planets
• Parent Stars of Extrasolar Planets VII: New Abundance Analyses of 30 Systems
• Searching for the signatures of terrestrial planets in F-, G-type main-sequence stars
• Li depletion in solar analogues with exoplanets: Extending the sample
• Planet-Planet Eclipse and the Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect of a Multiple Transiting System: Joint Analysis of the Subaru Spectroscopy and the Kepler Photometry
• C, S, Zn and Cu abundances in planet-harbouring stars
• Abundance differences between components of wide binaries
• Metal-rich accretion and thermohaline instabilities in exoplanets-host stars: consequences on the light elements abundances
• A Critical Examination of Li Pollution and Giant Planet Consumption by a Host Star
• Abundances of Stars with Planets: Trends with Condensation Temperature
• Making the Earth: Combining Dynamics and Chemistry in the Solar System
• Oxygen abundances in planet-harbouring stars. Comparison of different abundance indicators
• The EBLM Project IV. Spectroscopic orbits of over 100 eclipsing M dwarfs masquerading as transiting hot-Jupiters
• A possible signature of terrestrial planet formation in the chemical composition of solar analogs
• Photospheric Abundances of Volatile and Refractory Elements in Planet-Harboring Stars
• Are falling planets spinning up their host stars?
• Prospecting in Ultracool Dwarfs: Measuring the Metallicities of Mid- and Late-M Dwarfs
• The Eccentricity-Mass Distribution of Exoplanets: Signatures of Different Formation Mechanisms?
• Heavy metal rules. I. Exoplanet incidence and metallicity
• Kronos & Krios: Evidence for accretion of a massive, rocky planetary system in a comoving pair of solar-type stars
• Orbital Orientations of Exoplanets: HAT-P-4b is Prograde and HAT-P-14b is Retrograde
• Planets in Stellar Clusters Extensive Search. III. A search for transiting planets in the metal-rich open cluster NGC 6791
• Chemical signatures of planets: beyond solar-twins
• Origins of Hot Jupiters from the Stellar Obliquity Distribution
• Are Stars with Planets Polluted?
• Planets in Stellar Clusters Extensive Search. I. Discovery of 47 Low-amplitude Variables in the Metal-rich Cluster NGC 6791 with Millimagnitude Image Subtraction Photometry
• The Curious Case of Elemental Abundance Differences in the Dual Hot Jupiter Hosts WASP-94AB
• Chemical composition of the Taurus-Auriga association
• Abundance ratios of volatile vs. refractory elements in planet-harbouring stars: hints of pollution?
• Abundance Differences Between Exoplanet Binary Host Stars XO-2N and XO-2S -- Dependence on Stellar Parameters
• The Sensitivity of Convection Zone Depth to Stellar Abundances: An Absolute Stellar Abundance Scale from Asteroseismology
• First Results from the CHEPS: Exoplanets and the Discovery of an Eccentric Brown Dwarf in the Desert
• The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. X. Differential abundances in the XO-2 planet hosting binary
• On the Possible Correlation Between the Orbital Periods of Extra-solar Planets and the Metallicity of the Host Stars
• Nitrogen abundances in Planet-harbouring stars
• Detailed Abundances of Planet-Hosting Wide Binaries. I. Did Planet Formation Imprint Chemical Signatures in the Atmospheres of HD 20782/81?
• Rotation and activity in the solar-metallicity open cluster NGC2516
• Planet accretion and the abundances of lithium isotopes
• Are beryllium abundances anomalous in stars with giant planets?
• WTS-2 b: a hot Jupiter orbiting near its tidal destruction radius around a K-dwarf
• The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N@TNG V. A comprehensive analysis of the XO-2 stellar and planetary systems
• Chemical evidence for planetary ingestion in a quarter of Sun-like stars
• High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Planetary Host HD 13189: Highly-Evolved and Metal-Poor
• Measurements of the Isotopic Ratio 6Li/7Li in Stars with Planets
• A Nearly Polar Orbit for the Extrasolar Hot Jupiter WASP-79b
• A Search for ${}^6$Li in Lithium-Poor Stars with Planets
• Kinematics of planet-host stars and their relation with dynamical streams in the solar neighbourhood
• Metallicity of low-mass stars in Orion
• Detailed Abundances of Stars with Small Planets Discovered by Kepler I: The First Sample
• A Keck/HIRES Doppler Search for Planets Orbiting Metal-Poor Dwarfs. I. Testing Giant Planet Formation and Migration Scenarios
• The Photoeccentric Effect and Proto-Hot Jupiters II. KOI-1474.01, a candidate eccentric planet perturbed by an unseen companion
• Beryllium abundances in stars hosting giant planets
• Using a Hipparcos derived HR diagram to limit the metallicity scatter of stars in the Hyades -- Are Stars Polluted?
• Dependence of Small Planet Frequency on Stellar Metallicity Hidden by Their Prevalence
• The Diversity of Planetary Systems Architectures: Contrasting Theory with Observations
• The Close Companion Mass-Ratio Distribution of Intermediate-Mass Stars
• Differential abundances of open clusters and their tidal tails: chemical tagging and chemical homogeneity
• WASP-117b: a 10-day-period Saturn in an eccentric and misaligned orbit
• Detailed chemical compositions of planet hosting stars: I. Exploration of possible planet signatures
• The Magellan PFS Planet Search Program: Radial Velocity and Stellar Abundance Analyses of the 360 AU, Metal-Poor Binary "Twins" HD 133131A & B
• Spots on Am stars
• Secular orbital evolution of planetary systems and the dearth of close-in planets around fast rotators
• Detailed chemical compositions of the wide binary HD 80606/80607: revised stellar properties and constraints on planet formation
• Planet Detectability in the Alpha Centauri System
• Stellar Evolution with Enriched Surface Convection Zones I. General Effects of Planet Consumption
• On the Rotation of Post-T Tauri Stars in Associations
• Lithium abundances in exoplanet-host stars : modelling
• At least one in a dozen stars exhibits evidence of planetary ingestion
• Planet Engulfment Detections are Rare According to Observations and Stellar Modeling
• Spectroscopic abundance analysis of dwarfs in young open cluster IC 4665
• Chemical Composition of the Planet-Harboring Star TrES-1
• Chemical abundances for the transiting planet host stars OGLE-TR-10, 56, 111, 113, 132 and TrES-1. Abundances in different galactic populations
• Protostellar Cloud Fragmentation and Inward Migration by Disk Capture as the Origin of Massive Exoplanets
• Detailed elemental abundances of binary stars: Searching for signatures of planet formation and atomic diffusion
• Planet Engulfment Signatures in Twin Stars
• The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XII. A giant planet orbiting the metal-poor star HD171028
• Spin-orbit alignments for Three Transiting Hot Jupiters: WASP-103b, WASP-87b, & WASP-66b
• Asteroseismology of exoplanets hosts stars : tests of internal metallicity
• Galactic chemical evolution of exoplanet host stars: Are high-mass planetary systems young?
• Disruption of a planet spiralling into its host star
• The Orbital Architecture of Qatar-6: A Fully Aligned 3-Body System?
• A search for planets in the metal-enriched binary HD 219542
• Three Hot-Jupiters on the upper edge of the mass-radius distribution: WASP-177, WASP-181 and WASP-183
• Elemental Abundances of the Super-Neptune WASP-107b's Host Star Using High-resolution, Near-infrared Spectroscopy
• On the rotational behavior of parent stars of extrasolar planets
• Detailed Abundances of Planet-Hosting Wide Binaries. II. HD80606 + HD80607
• A Link Between the Semi-Major Axis of Extrasolar Gas Giant Planets and Stellar Metallicity
• The Invisible Majority? Evolution and Detection of Outer Planetary Systems without Gas Giants
• Detection and Characterization of Extrasolar Planets through Doppler Spectroscopy
• The peculiar chemical pattern of the WASP-160 binary system: signatures of planetary formation and evolution?
• The impact of tidal friction evolution on the orbital decay of ultra-short period planets
• A detailed study of Lithium in 107 CHEPS dwarf stars
• Extent of pollution in planet-bearing stars
• Looking For Timing Variations in the Transits of 16 Exoplanets
• Direct Spectral Detection: An Efficient Method to Detect and Characterize Binary Systems
• Revealing a main-sequence star that consumed a planet with JWST
• Interpreting the M22 Spike Events
• Investigating three Sirius-like systems with SPHERE
• Assessing the processes behind planet engulfment and its imprints
• Modeling stellar abundance patterns resulting from the addition of earthlike planetary material
• Ba-enhanced dwarf and subgiant stars in the LAMOST Galactic surveys
• The Aligned Orbit of a Hot Jupiter around the M Dwarf TOI-4201
• Simulations of starspot anomalies within TESS exoplanetary transit light curves -- II
• Tidally-induced migration of TESS gas giants orbiting M dwarfs
• Field Blue Stragglers and Related Mass Transfer Issues
• 6^Li in the atmosphere of GJ 117
• True spin-orbit obliquities distribution: data-driven confirmation of no clustering of misaligned planets
• The Power of Principled Bayesian Methods in the Study of Stellar Evolution
• Evidence for the Late Arrival of Hot Jupiters in Systems with High Host-star Obliquities
• Detailed Abundances of Planet-Hosting Open Clusters. The Praesepe (Beehive) Cluster