Observation of coherent $\varphi$(1020) meson photoproduction in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}$ = 5.36 TeV

Abstract

The first observation of coherent $\varphi$(1020) meson photoproduction off heavy nuclei is presented using ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.36 TeV. The data were collected by the CMS experiment and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.62 $\mu$b${}^{-1}$. The $\varphi$(1020) meson signals are reconstructed via the K${}^{+}$K${}^{-}$ decay channel. The production cross section is presented as a function of the $\varphi$(1020) meson rapidity in the range 0.3 $<$ $|y|$ $<$ 1.0, probing gluons that carry a fraction of the nucleon momentum ($x$) around $10^{-4}$. The observed cross section exhibits little dependence on rapidity and is significantly suppressed, by a factor of $\sim$5, compared to a baseline model that treats a nucleus as a collection of free nucleons. Theoretical models that incorporate the nuclear shadowing effect generally provide a better description of the $\varphi$(1020) data than those incorporating gluon saturation. This study establishes a powerful new tool for exploring nuclear effects and nuclear gluonic structure in the small-$x$ regime at a unique energy scale bridging the perturbative and nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics domains.

arXiv commentReplaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-24-009 (CMS Public Pages)

References in corpus (53)

• Operator expansion for high-energy scattering
• Small-x F_2 Structure Function of a Nucleus Including Multiple Pomeron Exchanges
• Saturation Effects in Deep Inelastic Scattering at low $Q^2$ and its Implications on Diffraction
• The Color Glass Condensate
• Unitarization of the BFKL Pomeron on a Nucleus
• Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker
• Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
• The Physics of Ultraperipheral Collisions at the LHC
• Exclusive diffractive processes at HERA within the dipole picture
• Performance of the CMS muon detector and muon reconstruction with proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Saturation and BFKL dynamics in the HERA data at small x
• Exclusive Vector Meson Production in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• A Modification of the Saturation Model: DGLAP evolution
• STARlight: A Monte Carlo simulation program for ultra-peripheral collisions of relativistic ions
• Measurement of the Inclusive W and Z Production Cross Sections in pp Collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
• Electron and photon reconstruction and identification with the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC
• Charmonium and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ pair photoproduction at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$=2.76 TeV
• Analysis of combined HERA data in the Impact-Parameter dependent Saturation model
• Coherent J/$\psi$ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV
• Study of the inclusive production of charged pions, kaons, and protons in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.76, and 7 TeV
• Exclusive J/$\psi$ photoproduction off protons in ultra-peripheral p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Photoproduction of J/psi and of high mass e+e- in ultra-peripheral Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
• Coherent J/psi photoproduction in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV with the CMS experiment
• Photonuclear and Two-photon Interactions at High-Energy Nuclear Colliders
• Measurement of Elastic $\varphi$ Photoproduction at HERA
• Small-x Physics: From HERA to LHC and beyond
• Coherent J/$\psi$ photoproduction at forward rapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Coherent photoproduction of vector mesons in heavy ion ultraperipheral collisions: Update for run 2 at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Collider Physics at HERA
• Multiplicity and rapidity dependence of strange hadron production in pp, pPb, and PbPb collisions at the LHC
• Coherent $J/\psi$ and ${\psi }^{\prime }$ photoproduction at midrapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Tomography of Ultra-relativistic Nuclei with Polarized Photon-gluon Collisions
• Coherent diffractive photoproduction of ${\rho }^0$ mesons on gold nuclei at RHIC
• Disentangling coherent and incoherent quasielastic $J/\psi$ photoproduction on nuclei by neutron tagging in ultraperipheral ion collisions at the LHC
• Color dipole predictions for the exclusive vector meson photoproduction in $pp/pPb/PbPb$ collisions at Run 2 LHC energies
• Measurement of exclusive ${\rm Y}$ photoproduction from protons in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Coherent ${\rho }^0$ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{{\text{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV
• Measurement of exclusive ${\rho }^0$(770) photoproduction in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Observation of forward neutron multiplicity dependence of dimuon acoplanarity in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Probing small Bjorken-$x$ nuclear gluonic structure via coherent J/$\psi$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Energy dependence of coherent photonuclear production of J/$\psi$ mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$=5.02 TeV
• Coherent photoproduction of ${\rho }^0$ vector mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Study of exclusive photoproduction of charmonium in ultra-peripheral lead-lead collisions
• First measurement of coherent $\varphi$-meson photoproduction on deuteron at low energies
• First measurement of coherent ${\rho }^0$ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{{\mathbf{s}}_{\mathbf{NN}}}=5.44$ TeV
• Study of coherent $J/\psi$ production in lead-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5TeV$
• Observation of strong nuclear suppression in exclusive $J/\psi$ photoproduction in Au$+$Au ultra-peripheral collisions at RHIC
• Finite-size effects on small-$x$ evolution and saturation in proton and nuclear targets
• A phenomenological analysis of the nonperturbative QCD contributions for the photon wave function
• Photoproduction of K${}^{+}$K${}^{-}$ pairs in ultra-peripheral collisions
• Probing gluon fluctuations in nuclei with the first energy-dependent measurement of incoherent J/$\psi$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions
• Investigating exclusive ${\rho }^0$ photoproduction within the Regge phenomenology approach
• Light vector meson photoproduction in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions at the LHC within the Reggeometric Pomeron approach