Study of Complex Nitrogen and Oxygen-bearing Molecules toward the High-mass Protostar IRAS 18089$-$1732

Abstract

The observation of oxygen (O)- and nitrogen (N)-bearing molecules gives an idea about the complex prebiotic chemistry in the interstellar medium (ISM). In this article, we present the identification of the rotational emission lines of N-bearing molecules ethyl cyanide (C${}_2$H${}_5$CN), cyanoacetylene (HC${}_3$N), and O-bearing molecules methyl formate (CH${}_3$OCHO) towards high-mass protostar IRAS 18089$-$1732 using the Atacama Compact Array (ACA). We also detected the emission lines of both N- and O-bearing molecule formamide (NH${}_2$CHO) in the envelope of IRAS 18089$-$1732. We have detected the $v$ = 0 and 1 states rotational emission lines of CH${}_3$OCHO. We also detected the two vibrationally excited states of HC${}_3$N ($v$7 = 1 and $v$7 = 2). The estimated fractional abundances of C${}_2$H${}_5$CN, HC${}_3$N ($v$7 = 1), HC${}_3$N ($v$7 = 2), and NH${}_2$CHO towards the IRAS 18089$-$1732 are (1.40$\pm$0.5)$\times$10${}^{-10}$, (7.5$\pm$0.7)$\times$10${}^{-11}$, (3.1$\pm$0.4)$\times$10${}^{-11}$, and (6.25$\pm$0.82)$\times$10${}^{-11}$. Similarly, the estimated fractional abundances of CH${}_3$OCHO ($v$ = 0) and CH${}_3$OCHO ($v$ = 1) are (1.90$\pm$0.9)$\times$10${}^{-9}$ and (8.90$\pm$0.8)$\times$10${}^{-10}$, respectively. We also created the integrated emission maps of the detected molecules, and the observed molecules may have originated from the extended envelope of the protostar. We show that C${}_2$H${}_5$CN and HC${}_3$N are most probably formed via the subsequential hydrogenation of the CH${}_2$CHCN and the reaction between C${}_2$H${}_2$ and CN on the grain surface of IRAS 18089$-$1732. We found that NH${}_2$CHO is probably produced due to the reaction between NH${}_2$ and H${}_2$CO in the gas phase. Similarly, CH${}_3$OCHO is possibly created via the reaction between radical CH${}_3$O and radical HCO on the grain surface of IRAS 18089$-$1732.

Published in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics

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• Digging into the Massive Protostar S255IR NIRS3: A Study of Nitrogen-Bearing Molecules and Their Prebiotic Chemistry