Kinematical Fluctuations Vary with Galaxy Surface Mass Density
arXiv:2403.03257 · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acffca
Abstract
The Galaxy inner parts are generally considered to be optically symmetric, as well as kinematically symmetric for most massive early-type galaxies. At the lower-mass end, many galaxies contain lots of small patches in their velocity maps, causing their kinematics to be nonsmooth in small scales and far from symmetry. These small patches can easily be mistaken for measurement uncertainties and have not been well discussed. We used the comparison of observations and numerical simulations to demonstrate the small patches existence beyond uncertainties. For the first time we have found that the fluctuation degrees have an approximate inverse loglinear relation with the galaxy stellar surface mass densities. This tight relation among galaxies that do not show obvious optical asymmetry that traces environmental perturbations indicates that stellar motion in galaxies has inherent asymmetry besides external environment influences. The degree of the kinetic asymmetry is closely related to and constrained by the intrinsic properties of the host galaxy.
13 pages,10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
References in corpus (42)
- SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
- Array Programming with NumPy
- Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
- emcee: The MCMC Hammer
- The NumPy array: a structure for efficient numerical computation
- The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
- The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
- Parametric Recovery of Line-of-Sight Velocity Distributions from Absorption-Line Spectra of Galaxies via Penalized Likelihood
- Detailed Decomposition of Galaxy Images. II. Beyond Axisymmetric Models
- Improving the full spectrum fitting method: accurate convolution with Gauss-Hermite functions
- The SAURON project - IV. The mass-to-light ratio, the virial mass estimator and the fundamental plane of elliptical and lenticular galaxies
- First Results from the TNG50 Simulation: Galactic outflows driven by supernovae and black hole feedback
- First Results from the TNG50 Simulation: The evolution of stellar and gaseous disks across cosmic time
- The Relationship Between Stellar Light Distributions of Galaxies and their Formation Histories
- A New Non-Parametric Approach to Galaxy Morphological Classification
- The Atlas3D project - XV. Benchmark for early-type galaxies scaling relations from 260 dynamical models: mass-to-light ratio, dark matter, Fundamental Plane and Mass Plane
- How do galaxies populate Dark Matter halos?
- Kinemetry: a generalisation of photometry to the higher moments of the line-of-sight velocity distribution
- Measuring the inclination and mass-to-light ratio of axisymmetric galaxies via anisotropic Jeans models of stellar kinematics
- Efficient Multi-Gaussian Expansion of galaxies
- The Asymmetry of Galaxies: Physical Morphology for Nearby and High Redshift Galaxies
- Structure and Kinematics of Early-Type Galaxies from Integral-Field Spectroscopy
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: instrument specification and target selection
- NON-AXISYMMETRIC STRUCTURES IN THE STELLAR DISKS OF GALAXIES
- The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey: The Galaxy Population Detected by ALFALFA
- Kinemetry of SINS High-Redshift Star-Forming Galaxies: Distinguishing Rotating Disks from Major Mergers
- The SAURON project - XII. Kinematic substructures in early-type galaxies: evidence for disks in fast rotators
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: the link between angular momentum and optical morphology
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Revisiting Galaxy Classification Through High-Order Stellar Kinematics
- The ATLAS3D project - XVII. Linking photometric and kinematic signatures of stellar discs in early-type galaxies
- The fraction of dark matter within galaxies from the IllustrisTNG simulations
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: the third and final data release
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: The cluster redshift survey, target selection and cluster properties
- The kinematics of ionized gas in Lyman-Break Analogs at z ~ 0.2
- Integral Field Spectroscopy of 2.0<z<2.7 Sub-mm Galaxies; gas morphologies and kinematics
- Stellar Photometric Structures of the Host Galaxies of Nearby Type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei
- Lopsidedness in Early Type Disk Galaxies
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: stellar population and structural trends across the Fundamental Plane
- SDSS--IV MaNGA : The Inner Density Slopes of nearby galaxies
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Asymmetry in Gas Kinematics and its links to Stellar Mass and Star Formation
- SDSS-IV MaNGA: Kinematic Asymmetry as An Indicator of Galaxy Interaction in Paired Galaxies
- The SAMI Galaxy Survey: gas content and interaction as the drivers of kinematic asymmetry