Ionised gas outflows over the radio AGN life cycle

Abstract

Feedback from AGN is known to affect the host galaxy's evolution. In radio AGN, one manifestation of feedback is seen in gas outflows. However, it is still not well understood whether the effect of feedback evolves with the radio AGN life cycle. In this study, we investigate this link using the radio spectral shape as a proxy for the evolutionary stage of the AGN. We used [OIII] emission line spectra to trace the presence of outflows on the ionised gas. Using a sample of uniformly selected 129 radio AGN with $L_{\text{1.4GHz}}\approx 10^{23}-10^{26}$ W Hz${}^{-1}$, and a mean stacking analysis of the [OIII] profile, we conclude that the ionised gas outflow is linked to the radio spectral shape, and it evolves with the evolution of the radio source. We find that sources with a peak in their radio spectra (optically thick), on average, drive a broad outflow ($FWHM\approx 1330\pm 418$ km s${}^{-1}$) with a velocity $v_{\text{out}}\approx 240$ km s${}^{-1}$. However, we detect no outflow in the stacked [OIII] profile of sources without a peak in their radio spectrum. In addition, we find that individual outflow detections are kinematically more extreme in peaked than non-peaked sources. We conclude that radio jets are most effective at driving gas outflows when young, and the outflow is typically short lived. Our stacking analysis shows no significant dependence of the presence of ionised gas outflows on the radio morphology, 1.4 GHz luminosity, optical luminosity and Eddington ratio of these sources. We also identify candidate restarted AGN in our sample, whose [OIII] profiles suggest that they have more disturbed gas kinematics than their evolved counterparts, although the evidence for this is tentative. Our findings support the picture where the impact of AGN feedback changes as the source evolves, and young radio jets interact with the ambient medium, clearing a channel of gas as they expand.

arXiv comment20 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

References in corpus (84)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• The Host Galaxies of AGN
• Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
• Observational Evidence of AGN Feedback
• LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray
• Theoretical Modeling of Starburst Galaxies
• The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III
• The Host Galaxies and Classification of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Improving the full spectrum fitting method: accurate convolution with Gauss-Hermite functions
• Revisiting the Scaling Relations of Black Hole Masses and Host Galaxy Properties
• Massive Molecular Outflows and Evidence for AGN Feedback from CO Observations
• Present-Day Growth of Black Holes and Bulges: the SDSS Perspective
• Observational evidence for AGN feedback in early-type galaxies
• Powerful Outflows and Feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei
• On the fundamental dichotomy in the local radio-AGN population: accretion, evolution, and host galaxy properties
• Mechanical Feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei in Galaxies, Groups, and Clusters
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey - I. Survey Description and Preliminary Data Release
• AGN wind scaling relations and the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies
• Quasar Feedback: More Bang for Your Buck
• Kiloparsec-scale outflows are prevalent among luminous AGN: outflows and feedback in the context of the overall AGN population
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey -- V. Second data release
• A relationship between AGN jet power and radio power
• Molecular line emission in NGC1068 imaged with ALMA. I An AGN-driven outflow in the dense molecular gas
• Cool Outflows in Galaxies and their Implications
• Fast Molecular Outflows in Luminous Galaxy Mergers: Evidence for Quasar Feedback from Herschel
• AGN outflows and feedback twenty years on
• The MOSDEF Survey: Electron Density and Ionization Parameter at $z\sim 2.3$
• A Comparison of Stellar and Gaseous Kinematics in the Nuclei of Active Galaxies
• Narrow-line region gas kinematics of 24,264 optically-selected AGN: the radio connection
• Outflows from AGN: Kinematics of the Narrow-Line and Coronal-Line Regions in Seyfert Galaxies
• Relativistic jet feedback III: feedback on gas disks
• Fast outflows in compact radio sources: evidence for AGN-induced feedback in the early stages of radio source evolution
• The fast molecular outflow in the Seyfert galaxy IC5063 as seen by ALMA
• Relativistic jet feedback in high-redshift galaxies I: Dynamics
• A Quick Look at the $3$GHz Radio Sky I. Source Statistics from the Very Large Array Sky Survey
• Relativistic Jet Feedback in Evolving Galaxies
• On the nature of Seyfert galaxies with high [OIII]5007 blueshifts
• The Prevalence of Gas Outflows in Type 2 AGNs
• A complete sample of GHz-Peaked-Spectrum radio sources and its radio properties
• ALMA observations of feeding and feedback in nearby Seyfert galaxies: an AGN-driven outflow in NGC 1433
• Extragalactic Peaked-Spectrum Radio Sources at Low Frequencies
• Prevalence of radio jets associated with galactic outflows and feedback from quasars
• Ionized outflows in local luminous AGN: what are the real densities and outflow rates?
• MAGNUM survey: Compact jets causing large turmoil in galaxies -- Enhanced line widths perpendicular to radio jets as tracers of jet-ISM interaction
• In search of dying radio sources in the local universe
• The co-evolution of the obscured quasar PKS1549-79 and its host galaxy: evidence for a high accretion rate and warm outflow
• Relativistic jet feedback II: Relationship to gigahertz peak spectrum and compact steep spectrum radio galaxies
• The HI absorption "Zoo"
• The interstellar and circumnuclear medium of active nuclei traced by HI 21-cm absorption
• Search and modelling of remnant radio galaxies in the LOFAR Lockman Hole field
• Quantifying the AGN-driven outflows in ULIRGs (QUADROS) I: VLT/Xshooter observations of 9 nearby objects
• Broadband Spectral Modeling of the Extreme Gigahertz-Peaked Spectrum Radio Source PKS B0008-421
• Kinematics and physical conditions of HI in nearby radio sources. The last survey of the old Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope
• Large-scale outflows in luminous QSOs revisited: The impact of beam smearing on AGN feedback efficiencies
• The Prevalence of Gas Outflows in Type 2 AGNs. II. 3D Biconical Outflow Models
• Delayed or no feedback? - Gas outflows in Type 2 AGNs. III
• AGN-driven outflows and the AGN feedback efficiency in young radio galaxies
• Compact radio sources and jet-driven AGN feedback in the early Universe: Constraints from integral-field spectroscopy
• ATLBS Extended Source Sample: The evolution in radio source morphology with flux density
• The life cycle of radio galaxies in the LOFAR Lockman Hole field
• VLBI observations of the CORALZ sample: young radio sources at low redshift
• Cold gas removal from the centre of a galaxy by a low-luminosity jet
• Duty cycle of the radio galaxy B2 0258+35
• Probing multi-phase outflows and AGN feedback in compact radio galaxies: the case of PKSB 1934-63
• Jet-driven galaxy-scale gas outflows in the hyper-luminous quasar 3C273
• Probing the gas content of radio galaxies through HI absorption stacking
• Extreme ionised outflows are more common when the radio emission is compact in AGN host galaxies
• Interaction of Jets with the ISM of Radio Galaxies
• Taking snapshots of the jet-ISM interplay: The case of PKS0023-26
• The peculiar radio galaxy 4C 35.06: a case for recurrent AGN activity?
• Feedback from low-luminosity radio galaxies: B2 0258+35
• ALMA observations of PKS 1549-79: a case of feeding and feedback in a young radio quasar
• Hubble Space Telescope Observations of [O~III] Emission in Nearby QSO2s: Physical Properties of the Ionised Outflows
• The best of both worlds: Combining LOFAR and Apertif to derive resolved radio spectral index images
• The MURALES survey. IV. Searching for nuclear outflows in 3C radio galaxies at z < 0.3 with MUSE observations
• Multi-frequency characterisation of remnant radio galaxies in the Lockman Hole field
• The parsec-scale HI outflows in powerful radio galaxies
• Unmasking the history of 3C 293 with LOFAR sub-arcsecond imaging
• MUSE 3D Spectroscopy and Kinematics of the gigahertz peaked spectrum Radio Galaxy PKS 1934-63: Interaction, Recently Triggered AGN and Star Formation
• Extragalactic Peaked-Spectrum Radio Sources at Low-Frequencies are Young Radio Galaxies
• Ionized Gas Outflows in Low Excitation Radio Galaxies Are Radiation Driven
• The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS). A parsec scale multi-phase outflow in the super-Eddington NLS1 Mrk 1044

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Ubiquitous radio emission in quasars: predominant AGN origin and a connection to jets, dust and winds
• The MEGARA view of outflows in LINERs
• Cosmic evolution of radio-excess AGNs in quiescent and star-forming galaxies across $0<z<4$
• Jet-Feedback on kpc scales: a review
• Comparing extragalactic megahertz-peaked spectrum and gigahertz-peaked spectrum sources
• Mapping AGN winds: a connection between radio-mode AGN and the AGN feedback cycle
• Feedback from low-to-moderate luminosity radio-AGN with MaNGA
• Connecting the radio AGN life cycle to feedback: Ionised gas is more disturbed in young radio AGN
• Exploring the links between quasar winds and radio emission along the Main Sequence at high redshift
• Narrow [O III] emission lines as a potential proxy for the evolutionary stage of quasars
• The Detection Rate of Associated \mgii\ Absorption Lines in Quasars Depends on Their Radio Emission
• NGC 6860, Mrk 915 and MCG -01-24-012. I. Spatial anti-correlation between cold molecular and ionized gas distributions in Seyfert galaxies