Gate-controlled Magnetotransport and Electrostatic Modulation of Magnetism in 2D magnetic semiconductor CrPS${}_4$

Abstract

Using field-effect transistors (FETs) to explore atomically thin magnetic semiconductors with transport measurements is difficult, because the very narrow bands of most 2D magnetic semiconductors cause carrier localization, preventing transistor operation. Here, we show that exfoliated layers of CrPS${}_4$ -- a 2D layered antiferromagnetic semiconductor whose bandwidth approaches 1 eV -- allow the realization of FETs that operate properly down to cryogenic temperature. Using these devices, we perform conductance measurements as a function of temperature and magnetic field, to determine the full magnetic phase diagram, which includes a spin-flop and a spin-flip phase. We find that the magnetoconductance depends strongly on gate voltage, reaching values as high as 5000 % near the threshold for electron conduction. The gate voltage also allows the magnetic states to be tuned, despite the relatively large thickness of the CrPS${}_4$ multilayers employed in our study. Our results show the need to employ 2D magnetic semiconductors with sufficiently large bandwidth to realize properly functioning transistors, and identify a candidate material to realize a fully gate-tunable half-metallic conductor.

Accepted for publication in Advanced Materials

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• Configurable antiferromagnetic domains and lateral exchange bias in atomically thin CrPS4
• Fundamentals and applications of Van der Waals magnets in magnon spintronics
• Anomalous Tunneling Magnetoresistance Oscillation and Electrically Tunable Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Few-layer CrPS4
• Electrical tuning of the magnetic properties of 2D magnets: the case of ${\mathrm{Cr}}_2{\mathrm{Ge}}_2{\mathrm{Te}}_6$
• Brightened Optical Transition as Indicator of Multiferroicity in a Layered Antiferromagnet
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• Magnetically Modulated Electrical Switching in an Antiferromagnetic Transistor
• Controlling the Magnetic Properties of the van der Waals Multiferroic Crystals Co${}_{1-x}$Ni${}_x$I${}_2$
• Optical Spin Sensing and Metamagnetic Phase Control in the 2D Van der Waals Magnet Yb3+-Doped CrPS4
• Tunable linear and nonlinear anomalous Hall transport in two-dimensional CrPS${}_4$
• Spin-flip optical excitations in van der Waals antiferromagnet CrPS${}_4$
• Room Temperature Anisotropic Photoresponse in Low-Symmetry van der Waals Semiconductor CrPS${}_4$