On the application of dimensionality reduction and clustering algorithms for the classification of kinematic morphologies of galaxies

Abstract

The morphological classification of galaxies is considered a relevant issue and can be approached from different points of view. The increasing growth in the size and accuracy of astronomical data sets brings with it the need for the use of automatic methods to perform these classifications. The aim of this work is to propose and evaluate a method for automatic unsupervised classification of kinematic morphologies of galaxies that yields a meaningful clustering and captures the variations of the fundamental properties of galaxies. We obtain kinematic maps for a sample of 2064 galaxies from the largest simulation of the EAGLE project that mimics integral field spectroscopy (IFS) images. These maps are the input of a dimensionality reduction algorithm followed by a clustering algorithm. We analyse the variation of physical and observational parameters among the clusters obtained from the application of this procedure to different inputs. The inputs studied in this paper are (a) line-of-sight velocity maps for the whole sample of galaxies observed at fixed inclinations, (b) line-of-sight velocity, dispersion, and flux maps together for the whole sample of galaxies observed at fixed inclinations, (c) line-of-sight velocity, dispersion, and flux maps together for two separate subsamples of edge-on galaxies with similar amount of rotation, and (d) line-of-sight velocity, dispersion, and flux maps together for galaxies from different observation angles mixed. The application of the method to solely line-of-sight velocity maps achieves a clear division between slow rotators (SRs) and fast rotators (FRs) and can differentiate rotation orientation. By adding the dispersion and flux information at the input, low rotation edge-on galaxies are separated according to their shapes. Abridged.

arXiv comment20 pages, 14 figures. Accepted in A&A

References in corpus (89)

• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
• Modeling feedback from stars and black holes in galaxy mergers
• Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results
• Overview of the SDSS-IV MaNGA Survey: Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory
• GADGET: A code for collisionless and gasdynamical cosmological simulations
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• Adaptive spatial binning of integral-field spectroscopic data using Voronoi tessellations
• CALIFA, the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey: I. Survey presentation
• Substructures in hydrodynamical cluster simulations
• The effect of photo-ionization on the cooling rates of enriched, astrophysical plasmas
• A universal angular momentum profile for galactic halos
• The Relationship Between Stellar Light Distributions of Galaxies and their Formation Histories
• A New Non-Parametric Approach to Galaxy Morphological Classification
• The SAURON project -- IX. A kinematic classification for early-type galaxies
• The ATLAS3D project - III. A census of the stellar angular momentum within the effective radius of early-type galaxies: unveiling the distribution of Fast and Slow Rotators
• On the relation between the Schmidt and Kennicutt-Schmidt star formation laws and its implications for numerical simulations
• The SAURON project. I. The panoramic integral-field spectrograph
• Simulating galactic outflows with thermal supernova feedback
• Measuring the inclination and mass-to-light ratio of axisymmetric galaxies via anisotropic Jeans models of stellar kinematics
• Structure and Kinematics of Early-Type Galaxies from Integral-Field Spectroscopy
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: instrument specification and target selection
• The Horizon-AGN simulation: morphological diversity of galaxies promoted by AGN feedback
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: public release of halo and galaxy catalogues
• The Evolution of Galaxy Structure over Cosmic Time
• A New Approach to Galaxy Morphology: I. Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release
• Data Mining and Machine Learning in Astronomy
• A Revised Parallel-Sequence Morphological Classification of Galaxies: Structure and Formation of S0 and Spheroidal Galaxies
• The Structure of Classical Bulges And Pseudobulges: The Link Between Pseudobulges And Sersic Index
• The ATLAS${}^{3D}$ project - XXV: Two-dimensional kinematic analysis of simulated galaxies and the cosmological origin of fast and slow rotators
• The impact of angular momentum on black hole accretion rates in simulations of galaxy formation
• Effects of Supernova Feedback on the Formation of Galaxy Disks
• The Hydrangea simulations: galaxy formation in and around massive clusters
• The Atlas3D Project - VI. Simulations of binary galaxy mergers and the link with Fast Rotators, Slow Rotators, and Kinematically Distinct Cores
• Chemical signatures of formation processes in the stellar populations of simulated galaxies
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Stellar angular momentum of about 2300 galaxies: unveiling the bimodality of massive galaxy properties
• Intrinsic alignments of galaxies in the Horizon-AGN cosmological hydrodynamical simulation
• The Atlas3D project - XXIV. The intrinsic shape distribution of early-type galaxies
• Specific Angular Momentum of Disc Merger Remnants and the ${\lambda }_R$-Parameter
• Testing Feedback-Modified Dark Matter Haloes with Galaxy Rotation Curves: Estimation of Halo Parameters and Consistency with $\Lambda$CDM
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Global stellar population and gradients for about 2000 early-type and spiral galaxies on the mass-size plane
• The MASSIVE Survey - V. Spatially-Resolved Stellar Angular Momentum, Velocity Dispersion, and Higher Moments of the 41 Most Massive Local Early-Type Galaxies
• Galaxies, Human Eyes and Artificial Neural Networks
• Big Universe, Big Data: Machine Learning and Image Analysis for Astronomy
• The relation between galaxy morphology and colour in the EAGLE simulation
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: mass as the driver of the kinematic morphology - density relation in clusters
• The Origin and Evolution of Fast and Slow Rotators in the Illustris Simulation
• The connection between mass, environment and slow rotation in simulated galaxies
• Kinematics of Simulated Galaxies I: Connecting Dynamical and Morphological Properties of Early-Type Galaxies at Different Redshifts
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Data Release Two with absorption-line physics value-added products
• An automatic taxonomy of galaxy morphology using unsupervised machine learning
• Automatic unsupervised classification of all SDSS/DR7 galaxy spectra
• Dimensionality Reduction of SDSS Spectra with Variational Autoencoders
• The Internal Ultraviolet-to-Optical Color Dispersion: Quantifying the Morphological K-Correction
• The oxygen abundance gradients in the gas discs of galaxies in the EAGLE simulation
• Beyond the Hubble Sequence -- Exploring Galaxy Morphology with Unsupervised Machine Learning
• Impact of Lyman alpha pressure on metal-poor dwarf galaxies
• The growth of disks and bulges during hierarchical galaxy formation. I: fast evolution vs secular processes
• Dark Matter Halo Structure in CDM Hydrodynamical Simulations
• The MASSIVE Survey - X. Misalignment between Kinematic and Photometric Axes and Intrinsic Shapes of Massive Early-Type Galaxies
• The diverse nature and formation paths of slow rotator galaxies in the EAGLE simulations
• The gas metallicity gradient and the star formation activity of disc galaxies
• Analysis of Star Formation in Galaxy-like Objects
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: the intrinsic shape of kinematically selected galaxies
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: a statistical approach to an optimal classification of stellar kinematics in galaxy surveys
• The stellar metallicity gradients in galaxy discs in a cosmological scenario
• MegaMorph: classifying galaxy morphology using multi-wavelength Sérsic profile fits
• Automated unsupervised classification of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey stellar spectra using k-means clustering
• Quantifying Non-parametric Structure of High-redshift Galaxies with Deep Learning
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Uncovering the Angular Momentum Content of Central and Satellite Early-type Galaxies
• Kinematic analysis of EAGLE simulations: Evolution of ${\lambda }_{Re}$ and its connection with mergers and gas accretion
• Baryons Shaping Dark Matter Haloes
• Galaxy classification: deep learning on the OTELO and COSMOS databases
• Capturing the physics of MaNGA galaxies with self-supervised Machine Learning
• SimSpin -- Constructing mock IFS kinematic data cubes
• A numerical twist on the observational spin parameter, ${\lambda }_R$
• Prospects for Recovering Galaxy Intrinsic Shapes from Projected Quantities
• The OTELO survey. I. Description, data reduction, and multi-wavelength catalogue
• The assembly of spheroid-dominated galaxies in the EAGLE simulation
• Eigengalaxies: describing galaxy morphology using principal components in image space
• Dark Matter Response to Galaxy Assembly History
• The mass-size plane of EAGLE galaxies
• Deprojecting Sersic Profiles for Arbitrary Triaxial Shapes: Robust Measures of Intrinsic and Projected Galaxy Sizes
• A tool for the morphological classification of galaxies: the concentration index
• The role of AGN on the structure, kinematics and evolution of ETGs in the Horizon simulations
• Star Formation Enhancement in Barred Disk Galaxies in Interacting Galaxy Clusters
• Field spheroid-dominated galaxies in a Λ-CDM Universe

Cited by in corpus (2)

• The GAPS Programme at TNG XLII. A characterisation study of the multi-planet system around the 400 Myr-old star HD 63433 (TOI-1726)
• Identifying highly magnetized white dwarfs: A dimensionality reduction framework for estimating magnetic fields