Galaxy populations in groups and clusters: evidence for a characteristic stellar mass scale at $M_{\ast }\sim 10^{9.5}{M}_{\odot }$

Abstract

We use the most recent data release (DR9) of the DESI legacy imaging survey and SDSS galaxy groups to measure the conditional luminosity function (CLF) for groups with halo mass $M_{\mathrm{h}}\ge 10^{12}{M}_{\odot }$ and redshift $0.01\le z\le 0.08$, down to a limiting $r$-band magnitude of $M_{\mathrm{r}}=-10\sim -12$. For a given halo mass we measure the CLF for the total satellite population, as well as separately for the red and blue populations classified using the $(g-z)$ color. We find a clear faint-end upturn in the CLF of red satellites, with a slope $\alpha \approx -1.8$ which is almost independent of halo mass. This faint-end upturn is not seen for blue satellites and for the total population. Our stellar population synthesis modeling shows that the $(g-z)$ color provides a clean red/blue division, and that group galaxies in the red population defined by $(g-z)$ are all dominated by old stellar populations. The fraction of old galaxies as a function of galaxy luminosity shows a minimum at a luminosity $M_{\mathrm{r}}\sim -18$, corresponding to a stellar mass $M_{\ast }\sim 10^{9.5}{M}_{\odot }$. This mass scale is independent of halo mass and is comparable to the characteristic luminosity at which galaxies show a dichotomy in surface brightness and size, suggesting that the dichotomy in the old fraction and in galaxy structure may have a common origin. The rising of the old fraction at the faint end for Milky Way (MW)-sized halos found here is in good agreement with the quenched fraction measured both for the MW/M31 system and from the ELVES survey. We discuss the implications of our results for the formation and evolution of low-mass galaxies, and for the stellar mass functions of low-mass galaxies to be observed at high redshift.

arXiv comment26 pages, 13 figures, accepted by ApJ

References in corpus (116)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Array Programming with NumPy
• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
• The Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Simulating the joint evolution of quasars, galaxies and their large-scale distribution
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Spectra and redshifts
• The Optical and Near-Infrared Properties of Galaxies: I. Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
• Overview of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
• Stellar mass-to-light ratios and the Tully-Fisher relation
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the stellar mass content of groups and clusters of galaxies
• K-corrections and filter transformations in the ultraviolet, optical, and near infrared
• Quantifying the bimodal color-magnitude distribution of galaxies
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• The Sixteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra
• NYU-VAGC: a galaxy catalog based on new public surveys
• From dwarf spheroidals to cDs: Simulating the galaxy population in a LCDM cosmology
• The size distribution of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Galaxy Groups in the SDSS DR4: I. The Catalogue and Basic Properties
• Resolving Cosmic Structure Formation with the Millennium-II Simulation
• Structure and Formation of Elliptical and Spheroidal Galaxies
• The Connection between Galaxies and their Dark Matter Halos
• The Universal Stellar Mass-Stellar Metallicity Relation for Dwarf Galaxies
• Properties of Galaxy Groups in the SDSS: I.-- The Dependence of Colour, Star Formation, and Morphology on Halo Mass
• Constraining Galaxy Formation and Cosmology with the Conditional Luminosity Function of Galaxies
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. VI. Isophotal Analysis and the Structure of Early-Type Galaxies
• Improved background subtraction for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey images
• Galaxy evolution in groups and clusters: star formation rates, red sequence fractions, and the persistent bimodality
• HST photometry of dwarf elliptical galaxies in Coma, and an explanation for the alleged structural dichotomy between dwarf and bright elliptical galaxies
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: public release of halo and galaxy catalogues
• The Importance of Satellite Quenching for the Build-Up of the Red Sequence of Present Day Galaxies
• A Halo-Based Galaxy Group Finder: Calibration and Application to the 2dFGRS
• A Stellar Mass Threshold for Quenching of Field Galaxies
• The evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function at redshifts z ~ 8-15 from deep JWST and ground-based near-infrared imaging
• The properties and luminosity function of extremely low luminosity galaxies
• The ACS Nearby Galaxy Survey Treasury VIII. The Global Star Formation Histories of 60 Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Volume
• Galaxy Groups in the SDSS DR4: III. the luminosity and stellar mass functions
• The Colours of Satellite Galaxies in Groups and Clusters
• Towards a Concordant Model of Halo Occupation Statistics
• Linking Early and Late Type Galaxies to their Dark Matter Haloes
• The SAGA Survey: I. Satellite Galaxy Populations Around Eight Milky Way Analogs
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Data Release 4 and the z < 0.1 total and z < 0.08 morphological galaxy stellar mass functions
• The Galaxy Content of SDSS Clusters and Groups
• Star formation and AGN activity in SDSS cluster galaxies
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: The nature, luminosity function and star formation history of dusty galaxies up to z~6
• Properties of Galaxy Groups in the SDSS: II.- AGN Feedback and Star Formation Truncation
• The SAGA Survey. II. Building a Statistical Sample of Satellite Systems around Milky Way-like Galaxies
• Galaxy assembly, stellar feedback and metal enrichment: the view from the GAEA model
• Measurement of Galaxy Cluster Sizes, Radial Profiles, and Luminosity Functions from SDSS Photometric Data
• The Luminosity Function of the Coma Cluster Core for -25<M_R<-11
• On the origin of the faint-end of the red sequence in high density environments
• Halo Model at Its Best: Constraints on Conditional Luminosity Functions from Measured Galaxy Statistics
• Satellite abundances around bright isolated galaxies
• The Mass Of The Coma Cluster From Weak Lensing In The Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Semi-Analytic Galaxies - I. Synthesis of environmental and star-forming regulation mechanisms
• Rapid Environmental Quenching of Satellite Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Group
• H-alpha Photometry of Abell 2390
• The influence of the environmental history on quenching star formation in a $\Lambda$CDM universe
• Galaxy formation in pre-processed dark halos
• The Hawaii K-Band Galaxy Survey. II. Bright K-band Imaging
• RASS-SDSS galaxy cluster survey. II. A unified picture of the Cluster Luminosity Function
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Obscured Star Formation Rate Density and Main Sequence of star-forming galaxies at z>4
• Spectroscopic Determination of the Faint End of the Luminosity Function in the Nearby Galaxy Clusters A2199 and Virgo
• The early-type dwarf galaxy population of the Hydra I cluster
• H${}_2$-based star formation laws in hierarchical models of galaxy formation
• Galaxy formation in the Planck cosmology - IV. Mass and environmental quenching, conformity and clustering
• Satellites and Haloes of Dwarf Galaxies
• Dwarf galaxy populations in present-day galaxy clusters: I. Abundances and red fractions
• The Physical Origins of The Morphology-Density Relation: Evidence for Gas Stripping from the SDSS
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS). XIII. The Luminosity and Mass Function of Galaxies in the Core of the Virgo Cluster and the Contribution from Disrupted Satellites
• A Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of Dwarf and Giant Galaxies in the Coma Cluster - IV. The Luminosity Function
• The galaxy luminosity function in groups and clusters: the faint-end upturn and the connection to the field luminosity function
• An Empirical Model for the Star Formation History in Dark Matter Halos
• The early-type dwarf galaxy population of the Centaurus cluster
• The Luminosity Function of Low-Redshift Abell Galaxy Clusters
• Evidence for Steep Luminosity Functions in Clusters of Galaxies
• The influence of environment on satellite galaxies in the GAEA semi-analytic model
• On the luminosity function of galaxies in groups in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Satellite Luminosity Functions of Galaxies in SDSS
• The clustering of galaxies as a function of their photometrically-estimated atomic gas content
• Galaxy Formation in Preheated Intergalactic Media
• On structure and kinematics of the Virgo cluster of galaxies
• Luminosity function of galaxies in groups in the SDSS DR7: the dependence on mass, environment and galaxy type
• Star Formation and Stellar Mass Assembly in Dark Matter Halos: From Giants to Dwarfs
• On Dwarf Galaxies as the Source of Intracluster Gas
• Nature versus nurture: what regulates star formation in satellite galaxies?
• Deep spectroscopic luminosity function of Abell 85: no evidence for a steep upturn of the faint-end slope
• The Incomplete Conditional Stellar Mass Function: Unveiling the Stellar Mass Functions of Galaxies at 0.1 < Z < 0.8 from BOSS Observations
• A comparative study of satellite galaxies in Milky Way-like galaxies from HSC, DECaLS and SDSS
• ELUCID. VI: Cosmic variance of galaxy distribution in the local Universe
• A deep view on the Virgo cluster core
• Gas depletion in cluster galaxies depends strongly on their internal structure
• The dwarf galaxy population in Abell 2218
• The Galaxy Population of Low-Redshift Abell Clusters
• Probing the galaxy-halo connection with total satellite luminosity
• The Luminosity Function of the NoSOCS Galaxy Cluster Sample
• The Galaxy Luminosity Functions down to M_R=-10 in the Coma Cluster
• The Morphological decomposition of Abell A868
• The luminosity function of galaxies to $M_{BgVriz}\sim -14$ in $z\sim 0.3$ clusters
• Conditional HI mass functions and the HI-to-halo mass relation in the local Universe
• The Variation of the Galaxy Luminosity Function with Group Properties
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly: luminosity and stellar mass functions in GAMA groups
• The galaxy population within the virial radius of the Perseus cluster
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Bayesian analysis of the star formation history of low-mass galaxies in the local Universe
• Galaxy Luminosity Function of Dynamically Young Abell 119 Cluster: Probing the Cluster Assembly
• Characteristic mass in galaxy quenching: environmental versus internal effects
• The faint end of the galaxy luminosity function in Abell 1689: a steep red faint end upturn at $z=0.18$
• The Galaxy Luminosity Functions down to M~-10 in the Hydra I Cluster
• GABE: Galaxy Assembly with Binary Evolution
• The Luminosity Function of Cluster Galaxies. III

Cited by in corpus (5)

• The Jiao Tong University Spectroscopic Telescope Project
• Impact of cosmic web on the properties of galaxies in IllustrisTNG simulations
• Satellite Content and Halo Mass of Galaxy Clusters: Comparison between Red-Sequence and Halo-based Optical Cluster Finders
• Gamma Analytical Modeling Evolution (GAME) I: The physical implications of deriving the stellar mass functions from z=0 to z=8
• Two categories of UV-upturn galaxies revealed by semi-analytic models