Has JWST already falsified dark-matter-driven galaxy formation?

Abstract

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) discovered several luminous high-redshift galaxy candidates with stellar masses of $M_{\ast }\gtrsim 10^9{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ at photometric redshifts $z_{\mathrm{phot}}\gtrsim 10$ which allows to constrain galaxy and structure formation models. For example, Adams et al. identified the candidate ID 1514 with ${\log }_{10}(M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })={9.8}_{-0.2}^{+0.2}$ located at $z_{\mathrm{phot}}=9.85_{-0.12}^{+0.18}$ and Naidu et al. found even more distant candidates labeled as GL-z11 and GL-z13 with ${\log }_{10}(M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })=9.4_{-0.3}^{+0.3}$ at $z_{\mathrm{phot}}=10.9_{-0.4}^{+0.5}$ and ${\log }_{10}(M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })=9.0_{-0.4}^{+0.3}$ at $z_{\mathrm{phot}}=13.1_{-0.7}^{+0.8}$, respectively. Assessing the computations of the IllustrisTNG (TNG50-1 and TNG100-1) and EAGLE projects, we investigate if the stellar mass buildup as predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm is consistent with these observations assuming that the early JWST calibration is correct and that the candidates are indeed located at $z\gtrsim 10$. Galaxies formed in the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm are by more than an order of magnitude less massive in stars than the observed galaxy candidates implying that the stellar mass buildup is more efficient in the early Universe than predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM models. This in turn would suggest that structure formation is more enhanced at $z\gtrsim 10$ than predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM framework. We show that different star formation histories could reduce the stellar masses of the galaxy candidates alleviating the tension. Finally, we calculate the galaxy-wide initial mass function (gwIMF) of the galaxy candidates assuming the integrated galaxy IMF theory. The gwIMF becomes top-heavy for metal-poor starforming galaxies decreasing therewith the stellar masses compared to an invariant canonical IMF.

Accepted for publication in ApJL, 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 tables

References in corpus (12)

• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• Evolution of asymptotic giant branch stars I. Updated synthetic TP-AGB models and their basic calibration
• An excess of massive stars in the local 30 Doradus starburst
• Very high redshift quasars and the rapid emergence of super-massive black holes
• Are sterile neutrinos consistent with clusters, the CMB and MOND?
• A first look at the SMACS0723 JWST ERO: spectroscopic redshifts, stellar masses and star-formation histories
• The failures of the standard model of cosmology require a new paradigm
• A massive blow for $\Lambda$CDM $-$ the high redshift, mass, and collision velocity of the interacting galaxy cluster El Gordo contradicts concordance cosmology
• The formation of exponential disk galaxies in MOND
• The formation of early-type galaxies through monolithic collapse of gas clouds in Milgromian gravity
• Constraints on the star formation histories of galaxies in the Local Cosmological Volume

Cited by in corpus (48)

• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• Efficient Formation of Massive Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn by Feedback-Free Starbursts
• Life beyond 30: probing the -20<M_UV<-17 luminosity function at 8<z<13 with the NIRCam parallel field of the MIRI Deep Survey
• Early Results from GLASS-JWST. XIX: A High Density of Bright Galaxies at $z\approx 10$ in the Abell 2744 Region
• Stochastic star formation in early galaxies: JWST implications
• The JWST-PRIMAL Legacy Survey. A JWST/NIRSpec reference sample for the physical properties and Lyman-$\alpha$ absorption and emission of $\sim 500$ galaxies at $z=5.5-13.4$
• Relaxing cosmological tensions with a sign switching cosmological constant: Improved results with Planck, BAO, and Pantheon data
• Dark energy in light of the early JWST observations: case for a negative cosmological constant?
• JWST early Universe observations and ΛCDM cosmology
• Primordial power spectrum in light of JWST observations of high redshift galaxies
• Negative cosmological constant in the dark energy sector: tests from JWST photometric and spectroscopic observations of high-redshift galaxies
• EPOCHS IV: SED Modelling Assumptions and their impact on the Stellar Mass Function at 6.5 < z < 13.5 using PEARLS and public JWST observations
• A double take on early and interacting dark energy from JWST
• The impact of an evolving stellar initial mass function on early galaxies and reionisation
• Strong constraints on the gravitational law from $Gaia$ DR3 wide binaries
• Seven wonders of Cosmic Dawn: JWST confirms a high abundance of galaxies and AGNs at z $\simeq$ 9-11 in the GLASS field
• The Cosmic Timeline Implied by the JWST High-redshift Galaxies
• A simultaneous solution to the Hubble tension and observed bulk flow within 250 $h^{-1}$ Mpc
• Modeling the JWST high-redshift galaxies with a general formation scenario and the consistency with the $\Lambda$CDM model
• Can Cosmological Simulations Reproduce the Spectroscopically Confirmed Galaxies Seen at $z\ge 10$?
• No Tension: JWST Galaxies at $z>10$ Consistent with Cosmological Simulations
• Synergising semi-analytical models and hydrodynamical simulations to interpret JWST data from the first billion years
• The effect of the environment-dependent stellar initial mass function on the photometric properties of star-forming galaxies
• Testing CCC+TL Cosmology with Observed BAO Features
• Hydrodynamical structure formation in Milgromian cosmology
• Compatibility of JWST results with exotic halos
• Low-Surface-Brightness Galaxies are missing in the observed Stellar Mass Function
• Enhanced Early Galaxy Formation in JWST from Axion Dark Matter?
• Modelling the star-formation activity and ionizing properties of high-redshift galaxies
• Quantifying the tension between cosmological models and JWST red candidate massive galaxies
• Beyond the first galaxies primordial black holes shine
• Pushing JWST to the extremes: search and scrutiny of bright galaxy candidates at z$\simeq$15-30
• The Impact of Early Massive Galaxy Formation on the Cosmic Microwave Background
• An empirical consistent redshift bias: A possible direct reproducible observation of Zwicky's TL theory
• Discord in Concordance Cosmology and Anomalously Massive Early Galaxies
• Effects of feedback-free starburst galaxies on the 21-cm signal and reionization history
• What is the nature of Little Red Dots and what is not, MIRI SMILES edition
• The formation of compact massive relic galaxies in MOND
• Can Dark Stars account for the star formation efficiency excess at very high redshifts?
• Can an Anti-de Sitter Vacuum in the Dark Energy Sector Explain JWST High-Redshift Galaxy and Reionization Observations?
• Challenges to a sharp change in $G$ as a solution to the Hubble tension
• Cosmological constraints on neutrino masses in light of JWST red and massive candidate galaxies
• A simple direct empirical observation of systematic bias of the redshift as a distance indicator
• The Lambda-CDM-NG cosmological model: A possible resolution of the Hubble tension
• Evolution of Size, Mass, and Density of Galaxies Since Cosmic Dawn
• Dark energy, spatial curvature, and star formation efficiency from JWST photometric and spectroscopic high-redshift galaxies
• Scaling relations of early-type galaxies in MOND
• Gas of thin tubes of massless scalar field as a possible model of unified dark fluid