Can Dark Stars account for the star formation efficiency excess at very high redshifts?

Abstract

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has recently conducted observations of massive galaxies at high redshifts, revealing a notable anomaly in their star formation efficiency (SFE). Motivated by the recent identification of three $\sim 10^6{M}_{\odot }$ dark star candidates, we investigate whether dark stars can be the origin of the SFE excess. It turns out that the excess can be reproduced by a group of dark stars with $M\gtrsim 10^3{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$, because of their domination in generating primary UV radiation in high-redshift galaxies. The genesis of these dark stars is attributed to the capture of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) within a mass range of tens of GeV to a few TeV. However, if the top-heavy initial mass function of dark stars holds up to $\sim 10^5{M}_{\odot }$, the relic black holes stemming from their collapse would be too abundant to be consistent with the current observations of Massive Compact Halo Objects (MACHOs). We thus suggest that just a small fraction of SFE excess may be contributed by the very massive dark stars and the majority likely originated from other reasons such as the Population III stars in view of their rather similar UV radiation efficiencies.

Minor revisions made following helpful comments from Fabio Iocco and Luca Visinelli, match the ApJ version

References in corpus (50)

• Array Programming with NumPy
• The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
• Cosmic Star Formation History
• A population of red candidate massive galaxies ~600 Myr after the Big Bang
• A Comprehensive Study on Galaxies at z~9-16 Found in the Early JWST Data: UV Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star-Formation History at the Pre-Reionization Epoch
• CEERS Key Paper I: An Early Look into the First 500 Myr of Galaxy Formation with JWST
• Two Remarkably Luminous Galaxy Candidates at $z\approx 10-12$ Revealed by JWST
• The evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function at redshifts z ~ 8-15 from deep JWST and ground-based near-infrared imaging
• New Determinations of the UV Luminosity Functions from z~9 to z~2 show a remarkable consistency with halo growth and a constant star formation efficiency
• The halo mass function from the dark ages through the present day
• Stress Testing $\Lambda$CDM with High-redshift Galaxy Candidates
• Efficient Formation of Massive Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn by Feedback-Free Starbursts
• The origins of massive black holes
• Understanding caustic crossings in giant arcs: characteristic scales, event rates, and constraints on compact dark matter
• A lack of evolution in the very bright-end of the galaxy luminosity function from z = 8-10
• JADES NIRSpec Initial Data Release for the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Redshifts and Line Fluxes of Distant Galaxies from the Deepest JWST Cycle 1 NIRSpec Multi-Object Spectroscopy
• GeV excess in the Milky Way: The Role of Diffuse Galactic gamma ray Emission template
• A Simple Technique for Predicting High-Redshift Galaxy Evolution
• Evolution of the UV LF from z~15 to z~8 Using New JWST NIRCam Medium-Band Observations over the HUDF/XDF
• Life beyond 30: probing the -20<M_UV<-17 luminosity function at 8<z<13 with the NIRCam parallel field of the MIRI Deep Survey
• Extreme Value Statistics of the Halo and Stellar Mass Distributions at High Redshift: are JWST Results in Tension with ΛCDM?
• UV Luminosity Density Results at z>8 from the First JWST/NIRCam Fields: Limitations of Early Data Sets and the Need for Spectroscopy
• A Lower Bound of Star Formation Activity in Ultra-high Redshift Galaxies Detected with JWST: Implications for Stellar Populations and Radiation Sources
• Are the ultra-high-redshift galaxies at z > 10 surprising in the context of standard galaxy formation models?
• A Search for H-Dropout Lyman Break Galaxies at z~12-16
• Dark energy in light of the early JWST observations: case for a negative cosmological constant?
• Has JWST already falsified dark-matter-driven galaxy formation?
• Feedback-Free Starbursts at Cosmic Dawn: Observable Predictions for JWST
• The nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic string loops and the abundant high redshift massive galaxies
• Inert Higgs Dark Matter for CDF-II W-boson Mass and Detection Prospects
• Negative cosmological constant in the dark energy sector: tests from JWST photometric and spectroscopic observations of high-redshift galaxies
• Physical Characterization of Early Galaxies in the Webb's First Deep Field SMACS J0723.3-7323
• Rapidly growing primordial black holes as seeds of the massive high-redshift JWST Galaxies
• Early Structure Formation from Cosmic String Loops in Light of Early JWST Observations
• Supermassive Dark Star candidates seen by JWST?
• Explaining the GeV antiproton/$\gamma -$ray excesses and W-boson mass anomaly in an inert two Higgs doublet model
• Dark stars: Implications and constraints from cosmic reionization and extragalactic background radiation
• Modeling the JWST high-redshift galaxies with a general formation scenario and the consistency with the $\Lambda$CDM model
• Fuzzy Dark Matter as a Solution to Reconcile the Stellar Mass Density of High-z Massive Galaxies and Reionization History
• Constraints on Dark Matter from Dynamical Heating of Stars in Ultrafaint Dwarfs. Part 1: MACHOs and Primordial Black Holes
• Dark Stars Powered by Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Compatibility of JWST results with exotic halos
• Black Holes in our Galactic Halo: Compatibility with FGST and PAMELA Data and Constraints on the First Stars
• The Effect of Dark Matter on the First Stars: A New Phase of Stellar Evolution
• Enhanced Early Galaxy Formation in JWST from Axion Dark Matter?
• The Quest for the Nature of the Dark Matter: The Need of a New Paradigm
• Quantifying the tension between cosmological models and JWST red candidate massive galaxies
• Constraint on dark matter annihilation with dark star formation using Fermi extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray background data
• Detectability of Supermassive Dark Stars with the Roman Space Telescope
• Reionization in the Light of Dark Stars

Cited by in corpus (3)

• CEERS: Forging the First Dust Grains in the Universe? A Population of Galaxies with spectroscopically-derived Extremely Low Dust Attenuation (GELDA) at 4.0<z<11.4
• Stringent constraint on the CCC+TL cosmology with $H(z)$ Measurements
• Dark energy, spatial curvature, and star formation efficiency from JWST photometric and spectroscopic high-redshift galaxies