Concerning Colour: The Effect of Environment on Type Ia Supernova Colour in the Dark Energy Survey

Abstract

Recent analyses have found intriguing correlations between the colour ($c$) of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and the size of their 'mass-step', the relationship between SN Ia host galaxy stellar mass ($M_{\mathrm{stellar}}$) and SN Ia Hubble residual, and suggest that the cause of this relationship is dust. Using 675 photometrically-classified SNe Ia from the Dark Energy Survey 5-year sample, we study the differences in Hubble residual for a variety of global host galaxy and local environmental properties for SN Ia subsamples split by their colour. We find a $3\sigma$ difference in the mass-step when comparing blue ($c<0$) and red ($c>0$) SNe. We observe the lowest r.m.s. scatter ($\sim 0.14$ mag) in the Hubble residual for blue SNe in low mass/blue environments, suggesting that this is the most homogeneous sample for cosmological analyses. By fitting for $c$-dependent relationships between Hubble residuals and $M_{\mathrm{stellar}}$, approximating existing dust models, we remove the mass-step from the data and find tentative $\sim 2\sigma$ residual steps in rest-frame galaxy $U-R$ colour. This indicates that dust modelling based on $M_{\mathrm{stellar}}$ may not fully explain the remaining dispersion in SN Ia luminosity. Instead, accounting for a $c$-dependent relationship between Hubble residuals and global $U-R$, results in $\le 1\sigma$ residual steps in $M_{\mathrm{stellar}}$ and local $U-R$, suggesting that $U-R$ provides different information about the environment of SNe Ia compared to $M_{\mathrm{stellar}}$, and motivating the inclusion of galaxy $U-R$ colour in SN Ia distance bias correction.

19 pages, 8 figures. Published in MNRAS

References in corpus (31)

• The Pantheon+ Analysis: Cosmological Constraints
• The Pantheon+ Analysis: The Full Dataset and Light-Curve Release
• Improved Dark Energy Constraints from ~100 New CfA Supernova Type Ia Light Curves
• Improved Distances to Type Ia Supernovae with Multicolor Light Curve Shapes: MLCS2k2
• Rates and properties of type Ia supernovae as a function of mass and star-formation in their host galaxies
• CfA3: 185 Type Ia Supernova Light Curves from the CfA
• SNLS3: Constraints on Dark Energy Combining the Supernova Legacy Survey Three Year Data with Other Probes
• Improved Distances to Type Ia Supernovae with Two Spectroscopic Subclasses
• Reconstructing the Subsurface Three-Dimensional Magnetic Structure of A Solar Active Region Using SDO/HMI Observations
• Correcting Type Ia Supernova Distances for Selection Biases and Contamination in Photometrically Identified Samples
• SiFTO: An Empirical Method for Fitting SNe Ia Light Curves
• Ages of Type Ia Supernovae Over Cosmic Time
• OzDES multifibre spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey: Three year results and first data release
• OzDES multi-object fibre spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey: Results and second data release
• A unified explanation for the supernova rate-galaxy mass dependency based on supernovae discovered in Sloan galaxy spectra
• Think Global, Act Local: The Influence of Environment Age and Host Mass on Type Ia Supernova Light Curves
• Metallicity as a source of dispersion in the SNIa bolometric light curve luminosity-width relationship
• The Carnegie Supernova Project-I: Correlation Between Type Ia Supernovae and Their Host Galaxies from Optical to Near-Infrared Bands
• Pégase.3: A code for modeling the UV-to-IR/submm spectral and chemical evolution of galaxies with dust
• Cosmological Results from the RAISIN Survey: Using Type Ia Supernovae in the Near Infrared as a Novel Path to Measure the Dark Energy Equation of State
• Distances with <4% Precision from Type Ia Supernovae in Young Star-Forming Environments
• A galaxy-driven model of type Ia supernova luminosity variations
• The influence of Host Galaxies in Type Ia Supernova Cosmology
• 4MOST Consortium Survey 10: The Time-Domain Extragalactic Survey (TiDES)
• The Dark Energy Survey 5-year photometrically identified Type Ia Supernovae
• Measuring Cosmological Parameters with Type Ia Supernovae in redMaGiC galaxies
• Host Galaxy Mass Combined with Local Stellar Age Improve Type Ia Supernovae Distances
• The influence of host galaxy morphology on the properties of Type Ia supernovae from the JLA compilation
• Constraining R${}_V$ Variation Using Highly Reddened Type Ia Supernovae from the Pantheon+ Sample
• Aperture-corrected spectroscopic type Ia supernova host galaxy properties
• The Pantheon+ Analysis: Forward-Modeling the Dust and Intrinsic Colour Distributions of Type Ia Supernovae, and Quantifying their Impact on Cosmological Inferences

Cited by in corpus (20)

• The Dark Energy Survey: Cosmology Results With ~1500 New High-redshift Type Ia Supernovae Using The Full 5-year Dataset
• Further evidence that galaxy age drives observed type Ia supernova luminosity differences
• ZTF SN Ia DR2: Colour standardisation of Type Ia Supernovae and its dependence on environment
• ZTF SN Ia DR2: Environmental dependencies of stretch and luminosity of a volume limited sample of 1,000 Type Ia Supernovae
• The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Cosmological Analysis and Systematic Uncertainties
• ZTF SN Ia DR2: Study of Type Ia Supernova lightcurve fits
• Using Rest-Frame Optical and NIR Data from the RAISIN Survey to Explore the Redshift Evolution of Dust Laws in SN Ia Host Galaxies
• A Spectroscopic Model of the Type Ia Supernova--Host Galaxy Mass Correlation from SALT3
• An archival search for type Ia supernova siblings
• ZTF SN Ia DR2: Evidence of Changing Dust Distributions With Redshift Using Type Ia Supernovae
• BayeSN and SALT: A Comparison of Dust Inference Across SN Ia Light-curve Models with DES5YR
• Stretch to stretch, dust to dust: lower-value local $H_0$ measurement from two-population modelling of type Ia supernovae
• ZTF SN Ia DR2 follow-up: Exploring the origin of the Type Ia supernova host galaxy step through Si II velocities
• Dark Energy Survey: DESI-Independent Angular BAO Measurement
• ZTF SN Ia DR2: Exploring SN Ia properties in the vicinity of under-dense environments
• Characterising the Standardisation Properties of Type Ia Supernovae in the z band with Hierarchical Bayesian Modelling
• ZTF SN Ia DR2: Impact of the galaxy cluster environment on the stretch distribution of Type Ia supernovae
• CIGaRS I: Combined simulation-based inference from type Ia supernovae and host photometry
• Active galactic nuclei are not responsible for systematics in the empirical properties of type Ia supernovae
• Training Custom Light Curve Models of SN Ia Sub-Populations Selected According to Host Galaxy Properties