The Carnegie Supernova Project-I: Correlation Between Type Ia Supernovae and Their Host Galaxies from Optical to Near-Infrared Bands

Abstract

We present optical and near-infrared ($ugriYJH$) photometry of host galaxies of Type Ia supernovae (SN~Ia) observed by the \textit{Carnegie Supernova Project-I}. We determine host galaxy stellar masses and, for the first time, study their correlation with SN~Ia standardized luminosity across optical and near-infrared ($uBgVriYJH$) bands. In the individual bands, we find that SNe~Ia are more luminous in more massive hosts with luminosity offsets ranging between $-0.07\pm 0.03$ mag to $-0.15\pm 0.04$ mag after light-curve standardization. The slope of the SN~Ia Hubble residual-host mass relation is negative across all $uBgVriYJH$ bands with values ranging between $-0.036\pm 0.025$ mag/dex to $-0.097\pm 0.027$ mag/dex -- implying that SNe~Ia in more massive galaxies are brighter than expected. The near-constant observed correlations across optical and near-infrared bands indicate that dust may not play a significant role in the observed luminosity offset--host mass correlation. We measure projected separations between SNe~Ia and their host centers, and find that SNe~Ia that explode beyond a projected 10 kpc have a $30\%\mathrm{to}50\%$ reduction of the dispersion in Hubble residuals across all bands -- making them a more uniform subset of SNe~Ia. Dust in host galaxies, peculiar velocities of nearby SN~Ia, or a combination of both may drive this result as the color excesses of SNe~Ia beyond 10 kpc are found to be generally lower than those interior, but there is also a diminishing trend of the dispersion as we exclude nearby events. We do not find that SN~Ia average luminosity varies significantly when they are grouped in various host morphological types. Host galaxy data from this work will be useful, in conjunction with future high-redshift samples, in constraining cosmological parameters.

Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (9)

• Some Aspects of Measurement Error in Linear Regression of Astronomical Data
• Improved Dark Energy Constraints from ~100 New CfA Supernova Type Ia Light Curves
• Determining the Type, Redshift, and Age of a Supernova Spectrum
• The Carnegie Supernova Project: Intrinsic Colors of Type Ia Supernovae
• The Carnegie Supernova Project I: Third Photometry Data Release of Low-Redshift Type Ia Supernovae and Other White Dwarf Explosions
• Type Ia Supernova Properties as a Function of the Distance to the Host Galaxy in the SDSS-II SN Survey
• Distances with <4% Precision from Type Ia Supernovae in Young Star-Forming Environments
• The influence of Host Galaxies in Type Ia Supernova Cosmology
• Cosmological Inference from Host-Selected Type Ia Supernova Samples

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Measurements of the Hubble Constant: Tensions in Perspective
• Further evidence that galaxy age drives observed type Ia supernova luminosity differences
• Supernovae and their host galaxies -- VII. The diversity of Type Ia supernova progenitors
• Constraining the SN Ia Host Galaxy Dust Law Distribution and Mass Step: Hierarchical BayeSN Analysis of Optical and Near-Infrared Light Curves
• Spectroscopic Studies of Type Ia Supernovae Using LSTM Neural Networks
• The Fast X-ray Transient XRT 210423 and its Host Galaxy
• Using 1991T/1999aa-like Type Ia Supernovae as Standardizable Candles
• Aperture-corrected spectroscopic type Ia supernova host galaxy properties
• Testing the Homogeneity of Type Ia Supernovae in the Near-Infrared for Accurate Distance Estimations
• On the relationship between Type Ia supernova luminosity and host-galaxy properties
• Carnegie Supernova Project: kinky $i$-band light-curves of Type Ia supernovae
• Stellar Populations in type Ia supernova host galaxies at intermediate-high redshift: Star formation and metallicity enrichment histories