Lattice simulations of the QCD chiral transition at real baryon density

Abstract

State-of-the-art lattice QCD studies of hot and dense strongly interacting matter currently rely on extrapolation from zero or imaginary chemical potentials. The ill-posedness of numerical analytic continuation puts severe limitations on the reliability of such methods. Here we use the more direct sign reweighting method to perform lattice QCD simulation of the QCD chiral transition at finite real baryon density on phenomenologically relevant lattices. This method does not require analytic continuation and avoids the overlap problem associated with generic reweighting schemes, so has only statistical but no uncontrolled systematic uncertainties for a fixed lattice setup. This opens up a new window to study hot and dense strongly interacting matter from first principles. We perform simulations up to a baryochemical potential-temperature ratio of ${\mu }_B/T=2.5$ covering most of the RHIC Beam Energy Scan range in the chemical potential. We also clarify the connection of the approach to the more traditional phase reweighting method.

11 pages, 6 figures

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Chiral spin symmetry and the QCD phase diagram
• Lattice Constraints on the QCD Chiral Phase Transition at Finite Temperature and Baryon Density
• Equation of state of a hot-and-dense quark gluon plasma: lattice simulations at real ${\mu }_B$ vs. extrapolations
• Exponential reduction of the sign problem at finite density in the 2+1D XY model via contour deformations
• Pileup Correction on Higher-order Cumulants with Unfolding Approach
• Vector interaction bounds in NJL-like models from LQCD estimated curvature of the chiral crossover line
• Phase structure of heavy dense lattice QCD and the three-state Potts model
• Resummed lattice QCD equation of state at finite baryon density: strangeness neutrality and beyond