Probing primordial black holes with anisotropies in stochastic gravitational-wave background

Abstract

Primordial black holes, if considered to constitute a significant fraction of cold dark matter, trace the inhomogeneous large-scale structure of the Universe. Consequently, the stochastic gravitational-wave background, originating from incoherent superposition of unresolved signals emitted by primordial black hole binaries, is expected to display anisotropies across the sky. In this work, we investigate the angular correlations of such anisotropies for the first time and demonstrate their difference from the analogous signal produced by astrophysical black hole binaries. We carefully evaluate the associated uncertainties due to shot-noise and cosmic variance, and demonstrate that the studied signal in the low-frequency regime can be differentiated from the signal of astrophysical origin. Our results are particularly promising in the stellar mass-range, where the identification of the merger origin has been particularly challenging.

Version accepted for publication in PRD, 10 pages, 6 figures

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• Bayesian Implications for the Primordial Black Holes from NANOGrav's Pulsar-Timing Data Using the Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves
• Complete analysis of the background and anisotropies of scalar-induced gravitational waves: primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$ considered
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• Searching for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds with constellations of space-based interferometers
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• Fundamental Physics and Cosmology with TianQin
• Measuring the anisotropies in astrophysical and cosmological gravitational-wave backgrounds with Taiji and LISA networks
• Gravitational Wave Probe of Primordial Black Hole Origin via Superradiance
• Scalar-induced gravitational waves in spatially covariant gravity
• Study of primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$ with the cross-correlations between the scalar-induced gravitational waves and the cosmic microwave background