Primordial black hole formation in the matter-dominated phase of the Universe

Abstract

We investigate primordial black hole formation in the matter-dominated phase of the Universe, where nonspherical effects in gravitational collapse play a crucial role. This is in contrast to the black hole formation in a radiation-dominated era. We apply the Zel'dovich approximation, Thorne's hoop conjecture, and Doroshkevich's probability distribution and subsequently derive the production probability ${\beta }_0$ of primordial black holes. The numerical result obtained is applicable even if the density fluctuation $\sigma$ at horizon entry is of the order of unity. For $\sigma \ll 1$, we find a semi-analytic formula ${\beta }_0\simeq 0.05556{\sigma }^5$, which is comparable with the Khlopov-Polnarev formula. We find that the production probability in the matter-dominated era is much larger than that in the radiation-dominated era for $\sigma \lesssim 0.05$, while they are comparable with each other for $\sigma \gtrsim 0.05$. We also discuss how $\sigma$ can be written in terms of primordial curvature perturbations.

12 pages, 1 figure, minor correction, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (8)

• Primordial black hole formation in the radiative era: investigation of the critical nature of the collapse
• Constraints on primordial black holes from Galactic gamma-ray background
• Curvature profiles as initial conditions for primordial black hole formation
• Observable Spectra of Induced Gravitational Waves from Inflation
• Separate Universes Do Not Constrain Primordial Black Hole Formation
• Generating Primordial Black Holes Via Hilltop-Type Inflation Models
• Brown-York mass and the hoop conjecture in non-spherical massive systems
• Highly distorted apparent horizons and the hoop conjecture

Cited by in corpus (101)

• Constraints on Primordial Black Holes
• Primordial Black Holes - Perspectives in Gravitational Wave Astronomy -
• Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Recent Developments
• Primordial Black Holes as a dark matter candidate
• Steepest growth of the power spectrum and primordial black holes
• Primordial Black Holes as Generators of Cosmic Structures
• Primordial Black Holes from $\alpha$-attractors
• Spins of primordial black holes formed in the matter-dominated phase of the Universe
• Primordial Black Holes from Inflaton Fragmentation into Oscillons
• Double inflation as a single origin of primordial black holes for all dark matter and LIGO observations
• PBH abundance from random Gaussian curvature perturbations and a local density threshold
• Primordial black holes from the preheating instability
• Limits on primordial black holes from $\mu$ distortions in cosmic microwave background
• Planck Constraint on Relic Primordial Black Holes
• Primordial black holes from inflaton and spectator field perturbations in a matter-dominated era
• Exploring Evaporating Primordial Black Holes with Gravitational Waves
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• Hunt for Light Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves
• PBH formation from spherically symmetric hydrodynamical perturbations: a review
• Primordial Black Holes from Supercooled Phase Transitions
• Primordial Black Holes
• Primordial black hole constraints with Hawking radiation -- a review
• Precision Calculation of Dark Radiation from Spinning Primordial Black Holes and Early Matter Dominated Eras
• Primordial black holes from single-field inflation: a fine-tuning audit
• Primordial Gravitational Wave Signals in Modified Cosmologies
• Simulations of PBH formation at the QCD epoch and comparison with the GWTC-3 catalog
• A Preferred Mass Range for Primordial Black Hole Formation and Black Holes as Dark Matter Revisited
• Baryogenesis, Primordial Black Holes and MHz-GHz Gravitational Waves
• Effect of Inhomogeneity on Primordial Black Hole Formation in the Matter Dominated Era
• PBH remnants as dark matter produced in thermal, matter and runaway-quintessence post-inflationary scenarios
• Primordial Black Hole Formation During Slow Reheating After Inflation
• Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes in the Early Universe: Mass and Spin Distributions
• Threshold of Primordial Black Hole Formation in Nonspherical Collapse
• Features of the inflaton potential and the power spectrum of cosmological perturbations
• Gas Heating from Spinning and Non-Spinning Evaporating Primordial Black Holes
• Primordial Gravitational Waves From Black Hole Evaporation in Standard and Non-Standard Cosmologies
• Spectrum oscillations from features in the potential of single-field inflation
• Primordial Black Hole Archaeology with Gravitational Waves from Cosmic Strings
• Gravitational Waves from Density Perturbations in an Early Matter Domination Era
• Detuning primordial black hole dark matter with early matter domination and axion monodromy
• Primordial black hole dark matter from inflation: the reverse engineering approach
• Primordial black holes and gravitational waves in nonstandard cosmologies
• Formation of Relativistic Axion Stars
• Constraining primordial black holes as dark matter at JUNO
• Simultaneously probing the sound speed and equation of state of the early Universe with pulsar timing arrays
• Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter and LIGO/Virgo Merger Rate from Inflation with Running Spectral Indices: Formation in the Matter- and/or Radiation-Dominated Universe
• Implications of the NANOGrav result on primordial gravitational waves in nonstandard cosmologies
• Primordial black hole formation with full numerical relativity
• Primordial Black Holes With Multi-Modal Mass Spectra
• Reconstruction of Primordial Power Spectrum of curvature perturbation from the merger rate of Primordial Black Hole Binaries
• Gravitational Collapse in the Post-Inflationary Universe
• 21-cm constraints on spinning primordial black holes
• Solving peak theory in the presence of local non-gaussianities
• Primordial Black Holes in Matter-Dominated Eras: the Role of Accretion
• Extreme scenarios: the tightest possible constraints on the power spectrum due to primordial black holes
• Primordial Black Holes and the String Swampland
• Primordial Black Holes from CDM Isocurvature Perturbations
• Collapse threshold for a cosmological Klein Gordon field
• Primordial Black Holes from Conformal Higgs
• Constraints on the curvature power spectrum from primordial black hole evaporation
• A new mechanism for primordial black hole formation during reheating
• Primordial black holes and induced gravitational waves from logarithmic non-Gaussianity
• Probing primordial black holes with anisotropies in stochastic gravitational-wave background
• Clustering of primordial black holes formed in a matter-dominated epoch
• NANOGrav Hints on Planet-Mass Primordial Black Holes
• Unraveling the early universe's equation of state and primordial black hole production with PTA, BBN, and CMB observations
• Threshold of Primordial Black Hole Formation against Velocity Dispersion in Matter-Dominated Era
• The effect of multiple features on the power spectrum in two-field inflation
• GW200105 and GW200115 are compatible with a scenario of primordial black hole binary coalescences
• Mass bound for primordial black hole from trans-Planckian censorship conjecture
• Connecting the Extremes: A Story of Supermassive Black Holes and Ultralight Dark Matter
• Enhanced Detectability of Spinning Primordial Black Holes
• Do we need fine-tuning to create primordial black holes?
• Axion Poltergeist
• Primordial Black Hole Formation in Non-Standard Post-Inflationary Epochs
• Primordial black holes: constraints, potential evidence and prospects
• Large Primordial Fluctuations in Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions
• PBH assisted search for QCD axion dark matter
• Complex Scalar Field Reheating and Primordial Black Hole production
• Production of PBHs from inflaton structure
• 3D Simulation of Spindle Gravitational Collapse of a Collisionless Particle System
• A new bound on the low reheating temperature with dark matter
• Non-spherical effects on the mass function of Primordial Black Holes
• The History of Primordial Black Holes
• Constraining the impact of standard model phase transitions on primordial black holes
• Solar Mass Primordial Black Holes in Moduli Dominated Universe
• Induced gravitational waves and baryon asymmetry fluctuations from primordial black hole formation
• Spins of primordial black holes formed with a soft equation of state
• The properties of primordially-seeded black holes and their hosts in the first billion years: implications for JWST
• Hunting Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter in Lyman-$\alpha$ Forest
• Simulations of Ellipsoidal Primordial Black Hole Formation
• Black hole formation from the gravitational collapse of a non-spherical network of structures
• Gravitational waves from rapid structure formation on microscopic scales before matter-radiation equality
• Constraints on primordial black holes for nonstandard cosmologies
• Revisiting primordial black holes formation from preheating instabilities: the case of Starobinsky inflation
• Gravitational waves from primordial black hole dominance: The effect of inflaton decay rate
• The Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from Primordial Gravitational Atoms
• Simulation of Primordial Black Holes with large negative non-Gaussianity
• Primordial black holes and uncertainties in the choice of the window function
• A Faster Growth of Perturbations in an Early Matter Dominated Epoch: Primordial Black Holes and Gravitational Waves
• Primordial Black Holes: A Review of Formation and Evolution