The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): The AGN Catalogue and its X-ray Spectral Properties

Abstract

Context: After the successful launch of the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission in July 2019, eROSITA, the soft X-ray instrument aboard SRG, performed scanning observations of a large contiguous field, namely the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS), ahead of the planned four-year all-sky survey. eFEDS yielded a large sample of X-ray sources with very rich multi-band photometric and spectroscopic coverage. Aims: We present here the eFEDS Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) catalog and the eROSITA X-ray spectral properties of the eFEDS sources. Methods: Using a Bayesian method, we perform a systematic X-ray spectral analysis for all eFEDS sources. The appropriate model is chosen based on the source classification and the spectral quality, and, in the case of AGN, including the possibility of intrinsic (rest-frame) absorption and/or soft excess emission. Hierarchical Bayesian modeling (HBM) is used to estimate the spectral parameter distribution of the sample. Results: X-ray spectral properties are presented for all eFEDS X-ray sources. There are 21952 candidate AGN, which comprise 79% of the eFEDS sample. Despite a large number of faint sources with low photon counts, our spectral fitting provides meaningful measurements of fluxes, luminosities, and spectral shapes for a majority of the sources. This AGN catalog is dominated by X-ray unobscured sources, with an obscured (logNH>21.5) fraction of 10% derived by HBM. The power-law slope of the catalog can be described by a Gaussian distribution of 1.94+-0.22. Above a photon counts threshold of 500, nine out of 50 AGN have soft excess detected. For the sources with blue UV to optical color (type-I AGN), the X-ray emission is well correlated with the UV emission with the usual anti-correlation between the X-ray to UV spectral slope α_{OX} and the UV luminosity.

Submitted to A&A for the Special Issue: The Early Data Release of eROSITA and Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC on the SRG Mission 24 pages, 23 figures

References in corpus (20)

• The 2.5 m Telescope of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• HI4PI: A full-sky HI survey based on EBHIS and GASS
• The Sixteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra
• The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG
• BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey - V. X-ray properties of the Swift/BAT 70-month AGN catalog
• The Chandra Deep Field-South Survey: 7 Ms Source Catalogs
• The SRG X-ray orbital observatory, its telescopes and first scientific results
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): The X-ray catalog
• unWISE: unblurred coadds of the WISE imaging
• Cosmic X-ray Surveys of Distant Active Galaxies: The Demographics, Physics, and Ecology of Growing Supermassive Black Holes
• CAIXA: a Catalogue of AGN In the XMM-Newton Archive I. Spectral analysis
• A statistical test for Nested Sampling algorithms
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): Catalog of galaxy clusters and groups
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): Identification and characterization of the counterparts to the point-like sources
• The final SDSS-IV/SPIDERS X-ray point source spectroscopic catalogue
• Extreme ultra-soft X-ray variability in an eROSITA observation of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H 0707-495
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): A multiwavelength view of WISE mid-infrared galaxies/active galactic nuclei
• Establishing the X-ray Source Detection Strategy for eROSITA with Simulations
• SDSS-IV/SPIDERS: A Catalogue of X-Ray Selected AGN Properties; Spectral Properties and Black Hole Mass Estimates for SPIDERS SDSS DR14 Type 1 AGN
• Relativistic accretion disk reflection in AGN X-ray spectra at z=0.5--4: a study of four \textit{Chandra} deep fields

Cited by in corpus (65)

• The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: First X-ray catalogues and data release of the western Galactic hemisphere
• BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey XXI: The Data Release 2 Overview
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): X-ray emission around star-forming and quiescent galaxies at $0.05<z<0.3$
• Gaia Data Release 3: Cross-match of Gaia sources with variable objects from the literature
• Testing AGN outflow and accretion models with CIV and HeII emission line demographics in z=2 quasars
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): A multiwavelength view of WISE mid-infrared galaxies/active galactic nuclei
• Establishing the X-ray Source Detection Strategy for eROSITA with Simulations
• The cosmic web of X-ray active galactic nuclei seen through the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS)
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): Complex absorption and soft excesses in hard X-ray--selected active galactic nuclei
• XXL-HSC: The link between AGN activity and star formation in the Early Universe ($z⩾3.5$)
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS). The stellar counterparts of eROSITA sources identified by machine learning and Bayesian algorithms
• Gaia Data Release 3: The first Gaia catalogue of variable AGN
• Mapping the Growth of Supermassive Black Holes as a Function of Galaxy Stellar Mass and Redshift
• Compact white-dwarf binaries in the combined SRG/eROSITA/SDSS eFEDS survey
• Detecting Galaxy Groups and AGNs populating the local Universe in the eROSITA era
• Dust and Power: Unravelling the merger - active galactic nucleus connection in the second half of cosmic history
• Testing the evolutionary pathways of galaxies and their supermassive black holes and the impact of feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei via large multiwavelength datasets
• A new discovery space opened by eROSITA: Ionised AGN outflows from X-ray selected samples
• Accretion properties of X-ray AGN: Evidence for radiation-regulated obscuration with redshift-dependent host galaxy contribution
• The LOFAR-eFEDS survey: The incidence of radio and X-ray AGN and the disk-jet connection
• X-ray emission from a rapidly accreting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy at z=6.56
• eRASSt J074426.3+291606: prompt accretion disc formation in a 'faint and slow' tidal disruption event
• X-ray luminosity-star formation rate scaling relation: Constraints from the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS)
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): The variability catalogue and multi-epoch comparison
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): A complete census of X-ray properties of Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam weak lensing shear-selected clusters in the eFEDS footprint
• Detecting clusters and groups of galaxies populating the local Universe in large optical spectroscopic surveys
• X-Ray Bright Active Galactic Nuclei in Local Dwarf Galaxies: Insights from eROSITA
• Systematic evaluation of variability detection methods for eROSITA
• The spatial clustering of ROSAT all-sky survey Active Galactic Nuclei: V. The evolution of broad-line AGN clustering properties in the last 6 Gyr
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): The first archetypal Quasar in the feedback phase discovered by eROSITA
• The first look at Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies with eROSITA
• The hot gas mass fraction in halos. From Milky Way-like groups to massive clusters
• Discovery of two promising isolated neutron star candidates in the SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): the hard X-ray selected sample
• Probing supermassive black hole growth and its dependence on stellar mass and star-formation rate in low-redshift galaxies
• Average X-ray properties of galaxy groups. From Milky Way-like halos to massive clusters
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): SDSS spectroscopic observations of X-ray sources
• eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): eFEDS X-ray view of WERGS Radio Galaxies selected by the Subaru/HSC and VLA/FIRST survey
• The Average Soft X-ray Spectra of eROSITA Active Galactic Nuclei
• Measuring the X-ray luminosities of DESI groups from eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey: I. X-ray luminosity -- halo mass scaling relation
• eRO-ExTra: eROSITA extragalactic non-AGN X-ray transients and variables in eRASS1 and eRASS2
• The perils of stacking optically selected groups in eROSITA data. The Magneticum perspective
• Euclid preparation. Observational expectations for redshift z<7 active galactic nuclei in the Euclid Wide and Deep surveys
• A UV to X-ray view of soft excess in type 1 AGNs: I. sample selection and spectral profile
• WISE2MBH: A scaling-based algorithm for probing supermassive black hole masses through WISE catalogues
• The first X-ray look at SMSS J114447.77-430859.3: the most luminous quasar in the last 9 Gyr
• X-ray selected broad absorption line quasars in SDSS-V: BALs and non-BALs span the same range of X-ray properties
• The global energetics of radio AGN kinetic feedback in the local universe
• X-Ray Redshifts of Obscured Chandra Source Catalog AGN
• The eROSITA view on the halo mass-temperature relation: From low-mass groups to massive clusters
• Winds of change: the nuclear and galaxy-scale outflows and the X-ray variability of 2MASS 0918+2117
• Characterisation of the X-ray point source variability in the eROSITA south ecliptic pole field
• The Dawn of Black Holes
• The eROSITA extragalactic CalPV serendipitous catalog
• A new Bowen Fluorescence Flare and Extreme Coronal Line Emitter discovered by SRG/eROSITA
• The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: Hard X-ray selected Active Galactic Nuclei
• BASS XLV: Quantifying AGN Selection Effects in the Chandra COSMOS-Legacy Survey with BASS
• Reconstructing AGN X-ray spectral parameter distributions with Bayesian methods I: Spectral analysis
• Unlocking AGN Variability with Custom ZTF Photometry for High-Fidelity Light Curves and Robust Selection
• Harnessing the XMM-Newton data: X-ray spectral modelling of 4XMM-DR11 detections and 4XMM-DR11s sources
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): X-ray stacking analysis of Subaru's optically selected clusters spanning low richness regime
• The X-ray$-$UV Luminosity Relation of eROSITA Quasars
• The X-ray statistical properties of dust-obscured galaxies detected by eROSITA
• The Drivers of the Decline in Supermassive Black Hole Growth at $z<2$
• Dynamically close galaxy pairs from the unWISE survey: Testing the merger-AGN-star formation connection