AC susceptometry of 2D van der Waals magnets enabled by the coherent control of quantum sensors

Abstract

Precision magnetometry is fundamental to the development of novel magnetic materials and devices. Recently, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has emerged as a promising probe for static magnetism in 2D van der Waals materials, capable of quantitative imaging with nanoscale spatial resolution. However, the dynamic character of magnetism, crucial for understanding the magnetic phase transition and achieving technological applications, has rarely been experimentally accessible in single 2D crystals. Here, we coherently control the NV center's spin precession to achieve ultra-sensitive, quantitative ac susceptometry of a 2D ferromagnet. Combining dc hysteresis with ac susceptibility measurements varying temperature, field, and frequency, we illuminate the formation, mobility, and consolidation of magnetic domain walls in few-layer CrBr3. We show that domain wall mobility is enhanced in ultrathin CrBr3, with minimal decrease for excitation frequencies exceeding hundreds of kilohertz, and is influenced by the domain morphology and local pinning of the flake. Our technique extends NV magnetometry to the multi-functional ac and dc magnetic characterization of wide-ranging spintronic materials at the nanoscale.

11 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (16)

• Magnetic 2D materials and heterostructures
• Probing magnetism in 2D materials at the nanoscale with single spin microscopy
• Direct photoluminescence probing of ferromagnetism in monolayer two-dimensional CrBr3
• Evolution of interlayer and intralayer magnetism in three atomically thin chromium trihalides
• Layer Hall effect in a 2D topological Axion antiferromagnet
• Spectroscopy of Surface-Induced Noise Using Shallow Spins in Diamond
• The nature of domain walls in ultrathin ferromagnets revealed by scanning nanomagnetometry
• Physical origin of giant excitonic and magneto-optical responses in two-dimensional ferromagnetic insulators
• Possible Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid State in 2D Materials with S=3/2
• A.C. susceptibility as a probe of low-frequency magnetic dynamics
• Subatomic movements of a domain wall in the Peierls potential
• Spin filtering in CrI${}_3$ tunnel junctions
• Measuring the defect structure orientation of a single NV- centre in diamond
• Accessing new magnetic regimes by tuning the ligand spin-orbit coupling in van der Waals magnets
• Quantum rescaling, domain metastability and hybrid domain-walls in two-dimensional CrI3 magnets
• Characterization of room-temperature in-plane magnetization in thin flakes of CrTe${}_2$ with a single spin magnetometer

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Wide Field Imaging of van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 by Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Spin Dynamics in van der Waals Magnetic Systems
• Quantum Imaging of Magnetic Phase Transitions and Spin Fluctuations in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Nanoflakes
• Visualizing bulk and edge photocurrent flow in anisotropic Weyl semimetals
• Tunneling current-controlled spin states in few-layer van der Waals magnets
• Local noise spectroscopy of Wigner crystals in two-dimensional materials
• Time-resolved diamond magnetic microscopy of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles
• Frustrated ferromagnetic transition in AB-stacked honeycomb bilayer
• Mapping AC Susceptibility with Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Enhanced Magnetization by Defect-Assisted Exciton Recombination in Atomically Thin CrCl${}_3$
• Nitrogen-Vacancy Magnetometry of Edge Magnetism in WS2 Flakes
• Probing GHz Spin Dynamics Across Magnetic Phase Transitions in CrCl3 Nanoflakes Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Microscopy