Bright galaxy sample in the Kilo-Degree Survey Data Release 4: selection, photometric redshifts, and physical properties

Abstract

We present a bright galaxy sample with accurate and precise photometric redshifts (photo-zs), selected using $ugriZYJH{K}_{\mathrm{s}}$ photometry from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) Data Release 4 (DR4). The highly pure and complete dataset is flux-limited at $r<20$ mag, covers $\sim 1000$ deg${}^2$, and contains about 1 million galaxies after artifact masking. We exploit the overlap with Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) spectroscopy as calibration to determine photo-zs with the supervised machine learning neural network algorithm implemented in the ANNz2 software. The photo-zs have mean error of $|⟨\delta z⟩|\sim 5\times 10^{-4}$ and low scatter (scaled mean absolute deviation of $\sim 0.018(1+z)$), both practically independent of the $r$-band magnitude and photo-z at $0.05<z_{\mathrm{phot}}<0.5$. Combined with the 9-band photometry, these allow us to estimate robust absolute magnitudes and stellar masses for the full sample. As a demonstration of the usefulness of these data we split the dataset into red and blue galaxies, use them as lenses and measure the weak gravitational lensing signal around them for five stellar mass bins. We fit a halo model to these high-precision measurements to constrain the stellar-mass--halo-mass relations for blue and red galaxies. We find that for high stellar mass ($M_{\star }>5\times 10^{11}{M}_{\odot }$), the red galaxies occupy dark matter halos that are much more massive than those occupied by blue galaxies with the same stellar mass. The data presented here are publicly released via the KiDS webpage at http://kids.strw.leidenuniv.nl/DR4/brightsample.php.

arXiv commentMatches the published version. Data available at http://kids.strw.leidenuniv.nl/DR4/brightsample.php

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