Kinematic Lensing Inference I: Characterizing Shape Noise with Simulated Analyses

Abstract

The unknown intrinsic shape of source galaxies is one of the largest uncertainties of weak gravitational lensing (WL). It results in the so-called shape noise at the level of ${\sigma }_{\epsilon }^{\mathrm{WL}}\approx 0.26$, whereas the shear effect of interest is of order percent. Kinematic lensing (KL) is a new technique that combines photometric shape measurements with resolved spectroscopic observations to infer the intrinsic galaxy shape and directly estimate the gravitational shear. This paper presents a KL inference pipeline that jointly forward-models galaxy imaging and slit spectroscopy to extract the shear signal. We build a set of realistic mock observations and show that the KL inference pipeline can robustly recover the input shear. To quantify the shear measurement uncertainty for KL, we average the shape noise over a population of randomly oriented disc galaxies and estimate it to be ${\sigma }_{\epsilon }^{\mathrm{KL}}\approx 0.022-0.041$ depending on emission line signal-to-noise. This order of magnitude improvement over traditional WL makes a KL observational program feasible with existing spectroscopic instruments. To this end, we characterize the dependence of KL shape noise on observational factors and discuss implications for the survey strategy of future KL observations. In particular, we find that prioritizing quality spectra of low inclination galaxies is more advantageous than maximizing the overall number density.

References in corpus (58)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
• Wide-Field InfrarRed Survey Telescope-Astrophysics Focused Telescope Assets WFIRST-AFTA 2015 Report
• KiDS-1000 Cosmology: Cosmic shear constraints and comparison between two point statistics
• The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: Design, Observations, Data Reduction, and Redshifts
• Extragalactic Science, Cosmology and Galactic Archaeology with the Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS)
• Detection of weak gravitational lensing distortions of distant galaxies by cosmic dark matter at large scales
• Intrinsic alignment-lensing interference as a contaminant of cosmic shear
• Shapes and Shears, Stars and Smears: Optimal Measurements for Weak Lensing
• The effects of galaxy formation on the matter power spectrum: A challenge for precision cosmology
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmology from Cosmic Shear and Robustness to Data Calibration
• Intrinsic and Extrinsic Galaxy Alignment
• MEASURING GALAXY MASSES USING GALAXY-GALAXY GRAVITATIONAL LENSING
• An accurate halo model for fitting non-linear cosmological power spectra and baryonic feedback models
• Optical Rotation Curves and Linewidths for Tully-Fisher Applications
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmology from Cosmic Shear and Robustness to Modeling Uncertainty
• Shear calibration biases in weak lensing surveys
• Weak lensing for precision cosmology
• The DESI Experiment, a whitepaper for Snowmass 2013
• KiDS+VIKING-450: Cosmic shear tomography with optical+infrared data
• An atmospheric radiation model for Cerro Paranal. I. The optical spectral range
• 4MOST: Project overview and information for the First Call for Proposals
• Galaxy alignments: An overview
• Practical Weak Lensing Shear Measurement with Metacalibration
• KiDS+GAMA: Cosmology constraints from a joint analysis of cosmic shear, galaxy-galaxy lensing and angular clustering
• Beyond linear galaxy alignments
• An advanced scattered moonlight model for Cerro Paranal
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Weak Lensing Shape Catalogues
• Origins of weak lensing systematics, and requirements on future instrumentation (or knowledge of instrumentation)
• Quantifying baryon effects on the matter power spectrum and the weak lensing shear correlation
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Weak Lensing Shape Catalogue
• Evolution and Color-Dependence of the Galaxy Angular Correlation Function: 350,000 Galaxies in 5 Square Degrees
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Redshift Calibration of the Weak Lensing Source Galaxies
• Modelling baryonic feedback for survey cosmology
• The Third Gravitational Lensing Accuracy Testing (GREAT3) Challenge Handbook
• DYNAMO I: A Sample of Ha-Luminous Galaxies with Resolved Kinematics
• The impact of intrinsic alignment on current and future cosmic shear surveys
• Metacalibration: Direct Self-Calibration of Biases in Shear Measurement
• Catastrophic photometric redshift errors: weak lensing survey requirements
• The Assembly History of Disk Galaxies: I - The Tully-Fisher Relation to z~1.3 from Deep Exposures with DEIMOS
• Modeling baryonic physics in future weak lensing surveys
• Accounting for baryonic effects in cosmic shear tomography: Determining a minimal set of nuisance parameters using PCA
• Defining a weak lensing experiment in space
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Point-Spread Function Modeling
• Galaxy Dark Matter: Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing in the Hubble Deep Field
• Mitigating Shear-dependent Object Detection Biases with Metacalibration
• Unveiling Galaxy Bias via the Halo Model, KiDS and GAMA
• Accounting for Baryons in Cosmological Constraints from Cosmic Shear
• Bright galaxy sample in the Kilo-Degree Survey Data Release 4: selection, photometric redshifts, and physical properties
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Constraining Baryonic Physics in the Universe
• Instrumental response model and detrending for the Dark Energy Camera
• Detecting gravitational lensing cosmic shear from samples of several galaxies using two-dimensional spectral imaging
• A Technique for Weak Lensing with Velocity Maps: Eliminating Ellipticity Noise in HI Radio Observations
• Cosmic shear without shape noise
• Brighter-fatter effect in near-infrared detectors -- I. Theory of flat auto-correlations
• Brighter-fatter effect in near-infrared detectors -- II. Auto-correlation analysis of H4RG-10 flats
• The Tully-Fisher relation of galaxies at z~0.85 in the DEEP2 survey
• The first shear measurements from precision weak lensing

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Astrophysical systematics in Kinematic Lensing: quantifying an Intrinsic Alignment analog
• Kinematic Lensing Inference II: Cluster Lensing with $\mathcal{O}$(1) Galaxies
• Cosmic shear with one component and its application to future radio surveys
• Model independent approach for calculating galaxy rotation curves for low $S/N$ MaNGA galaxies