Rise of the Titans: Gas Excitation and Feedback in a Binary Hyper-Luminous Dusty Starburst Galaxy at z~6

Abstract

We report new observations toward the hyper-luminous dusty starbursting major merger ADFS-27 (z=5.655), using ATCA and ALMA. We detect CO 2-1, 8-7, 9-8, 10-9 and H2O(321-221) emission, and a P-Cygni-shaped OH+(11-01) absorption/emission feature. We also tentatively detect H2O(321-312) and OH+(12-01) emission and CH+(1-0) absorption. We find a total cold molecular mass of M_gas = (2.1+/-0.2) x 10^11 (alpha_CO/1.0) Msun. We also find that the excitation of the star-forming gas is overall moderate for a z>5 dusty starburst, which is consistent with its moderate dust temperature. A high density, high kinetic temperature gas component embedded in the gas reservoir is required to fully explain the CO line ladder. This component is likely associated with the "maximum starburst" nuclei in the two merging galaxies, which are separated by only (140+/-13) km/s along the line of sight and 9.0 kpc in projection. The kinematic structure of both components is consistent with galaxy disks, but this interpretation remains limited by the spatial resolution of the current data. The OH+ features are only detected towards the northern component, which is also the one that is more enshrouded in dust and thus remains undetected up to 1.6 um even in our sensitive new HST/WFC3 imaging. The absorption component of the OH+ line is blueshifted and peaks near the CO and continuum emission peak while the emission is redshifted and peaks offset by 1.7 kpc from the CO and continuum emission peak, suggesting that the gas is associated with a massive molecular outflow from the intensely star-forming nucleus that supplies 125 Msun/yr of enriched gas to its halo.

arXiv comment20 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables; to appear in the Astrophysical Journal (accepted November 29, 2020)

References in corpus (53)

• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• Infrared Emission from Interstellar Dust. IV. The Silicate-Graphite-PAH Model in the Post-Spitzer Era
• CIGALE: a python Code Investigating GALaxy Emission
• UV Luminosity Functions at redshifts z~4 to z~10: 10000 Galaxies from HST Legacy Fields
• The COSMOS2015 Catalog: Exploring the 1<z<6 Universe with half a million galaxies
• Cool Gas in High Redshift Galaxies
• Analysis of galaxy SEDs from far-UV to far-IR with CIGALE: Studying a SINGS test sample
• Very High Gas Fractions and Extended Gas Reservoirs in z=1.5 Disk Galaxies
• The Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey: HerMES
• Submillimeter Galaxies at z~2: Evidence for Major Mergers & Constraints on Lifetimes, IMF and CO-H2 Conversion Factor
• A Dust-Obscured Massive Maximum-Starburst Galaxy at a Redshift of 6.34
• The Evolving Interstellar Medium of Star Forming Galaxies Since z=2 as Probed by Their Infrared Spectral Energy Distributions
• Star Formation and Dust Attenuation Properties in Galaxies from a Statistical UV-to-FIR Analysis
• An interferometric CO survey of luminous submm galaxies
• The Australia Telescope Compact Array Broadband Backend (CABB)
• Tracing the molecular gas in distant submillimetre galaxies via CO(1-0) imaging with the EVLA
• HerMES: The SPIRE confusion limit
• The Intense Starburst HDF850.1 in a Galaxy Overdensity at z=5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field
• Observations of Arp 220 using Herschel-SPIRE: An Unprecedented View of the Molecular Gas in an Extreme Star Formation Environment
• Highly-excited CO emission in APM08279+5255 at z=3.9
• ALMA Imaging of Gas and Dust in a Galaxy Protocluster at Redshift 5.3: [CII] Emission in "Typical" Galaxies and Dusty Starbursts ~1 Billion Years after the Big Bang
• High-redshift star formation in the ALMA era
• Hyperluminous Infrared Galaxies
• Herschel-ATLAS: a binary HyLIRG pinpointing a cluster of starbursting proto-ellipticals
• A Massive Molecular Gas Reservoir in the z=5.3 Submillimeter Galaxy AzTEC-3
• Luminous Infrared Galaxies with the Submillimeter Array: I. Survey Overview and the Central Gas to Dust Ratio
• Herschel/PACS spectroscopy of NGC 4418 and Arp 220: H2O, H2^{18}O, OH, ^{18}OH, O I, HCN and NH3
• CO(1-0) in z >/~ 4 Quasar Host Galaxies: No Evidence for Extended Molecular Gas Reservoirs
• Extended Cold Molecular Gas Reservoirs in z~3.4 Submillimeter Galaxies
• The kiloparsec-scale star formation law at redshift 4: wide-spread, highly efficient star formation in the dust-obscured starburst galaxy GN20
• The rapid assembly of an elliptical galaxy of 400 billion solar masses at a redshift of 2.3
• The Complete Redshift Distribution of Dusty Star-forming Galaxies from the SPT-SZ Survey
• HerMES: Candidate High-Redshift Galaxies Discovered with Herschel/SPIRE
• Witnessing the birth of the red sequence: ALMA high-resolution imaging of [CII] and dust in two interacting ultra-red starbursts at z = 4.425
• ALMA Characterises the Dust Temperature of z ~ 5.5 Star-Forming Galaxies
• Large turbulent reservoirs of cold molecular gas around high-redshift starburst galaxies
• Rise of the Titans: A Dusty, Hyper-Luminous "870 micron Riser" Galaxy at z~6
• An ALMA survey of the brightest sub-millimetre sources in the SCUBA-2 COSMOS field
• Herschel observations of water vapour in Markarian 231
• Hidden in plain sight: a massive, dusty starburst in a galaxy protocluster at z=5.7 in the COSMOS field
• ALMA Reveals Weak [NII] Emission in "Typical" Galaxies and Intense Starbursts at z=5-6
• COLDz: A High Space Density of Massive Dusty Starburst Galaxies ~1 Billion Years after the Big Bang
• Multiple CO lines in SMM J16359+6612 -- Further evidence for a merger
• High-resolution [C II] imaging of HDF850.1 reveals a merging galaxy at z=5.185
• Low star formation efficiency in typical galaxies at z=5-6
• Observational and theoretical constraints on the formation and early evolution of the first dust grains in galaxies at 5 < z < 10
• Local starburst galaxies and their descendants
• (Sub)millimetre interferometric imaging of a sample of COSMOS/AzTEC submillimetre galaxies III. Environments
• Constraints on the Cosmic-Ray Ionization Rate in the $z\sim 2.3$ Lensed Galaxies SMM J2135$-$0102 and SDP 17b from Observations of OH${}^{+}$ and H${}_2$O${}^{+}$
• A non-corotating gas component in an extreme starburst at z=4.3
• Imaging the environment of a z = 6.3 submillimeter galaxy with SCUBA-2

Cited by in corpus (14)

• A population of red candidate massive galaxies ~600 Myr after the Big Bang
• A massive quiescent galaxy at redshift 4.658
• Photodissociation and X-Ray Dominated Regions
• Microwave Background Temperature at a Redshift of 6.34 from H2O Absorption
• The interstellar medium distribution, gas kinematics, and system dynamics of the far-infrared luminous quasar SDSS J2310+1855 at $z=6.0$
• The GADOT Galaxy Survey: Dense Gas and Feedback in Herschel-Selected Starburst Galaxies at Redshifts 2 to 6
• Big Three Dragons: Molecular Gas in a Bright Lyman-Break Galaxy at $z=7.15$
• Unveiling the warm dense ISM in $z>6$ quasar host galaxies via water vapor emission
• IR characteristic emission and dust properties of star-forming galaxies at 4.5 $<$ z $<$ 6.2
• COALAS III: The ATCA CO(1-0) look at the growth and death of H$\alpha$ emitters in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16
• Do Unusually Cold Starburst Galaxies Exist? A Case Study
• Direct detection of cool molecular gas in a star-forming galaxy at $z=7.31$
• Resolved Neutral Outflow from a Lensed Dusty Star Forming Galaxy at z=2.09
• Kiloparsec-scale imaging of the CO(1-0)-traced cold molecular gas reservoir in a z~3.4 submillimeter galaxy