Higher-order exchange interactions in two-dimensional magnets

Abstract

Magnetism in recently discovered van der Waals materials has opened new avenues in the study of fundamental spin interactions in truly two-dimensions. A paramount question is what effect higher-order interactions beyond bilinear Heisenberg exchange have on the magnetic properties of few-atom thick compounds. Here we demonstrate that biquadratic exchange interactions, which is the simplest and most natural form of non-Heisenberg coupling, assume a key role in the magnetic properties of layered magnets. Using a combination of nonperturbative analytical techniques, non-collinear first-principles methods and classical Monte Carlo calculations that incorporate higher-order exchange, we show that several quantities including magnetic anisotropies, spin-wave gaps and topological spin-excitations are intrinsically renormalized leading to further thermal stability of the layers. We develop a spin Hamiltonian that also contains antisymmetric exchanges (e.g. Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions) to successfully rationalize numerous observations currently under debate, such as the non-Ising character of several compounds despite a strong magnetic anisotropy, peculiarities of the magnon spectrum of 2D magnets, and the discrepancy between measured and calculated Curie temperatures. Our results lay the foundation of a universal higher-order exchange theory for novel 2D magnetic design strategies.

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Cited by in corpus (51)

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• Multistep magnetization switching in orthogonally twisted ferromagnetic monolayers
• Breaking through the Mermin-Wagner limit in 2D van der Waals magnets
• Magnetic field effect on topological spin excitations in CrI${}_3$
• Giant Biquadratic Exchange in 2D Magnets and its Role in Stabilizing Ferromagnetism of NiCl2 Monolayer
• Laser-induced topological spin switching in a 2D van der Waals magnet
• Layer-dependent mechanical properties and enhanced plasticity in the van der Waals chromium trihalide magnets
• Electron correlation effects on exchange interactions and spin excitations in 2D van der Waals materials
• Microscopic origin of magnetism in monolayer $3d$ transition metal dihalides
• Coexistence of Merons with Skyrmions in the Centrosymmetric van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe5GeTe2
• Spin Dynamics in van der Waals Magnetic Systems
• Coherent Helicity-Dependent Spin-Phonon Oscillations in the Ferromagnetic van der Waals Crystal CrI3
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• Magnetic imaging and domain nucleation in CrSBr down to the 2D limit
• Probing spin dynamics of ultra-thin van der Waals magnets via photon-magnon coupling
• Ultrafast laser-driven topological spin textures on a 2D magnet
• Complex Spin Hamiltonian Represented by Artificial Neural Network
• $\text{Ab initio}$ theory of magnetism in two-dimensional $1T$-TaS${}_2$
• Tunable topological magnon-polaron states and anomalous Hall phenomena in two-dimensional ferromagnetic insulators
• Nano-scale collinear multi-Q states driven by higher-order interactions
• Uniaxial pressure effects in the two-dimensional van-der-Waals ferromagnet CrI${}_3$
• Phase diagrams and excitations of anisotropic $S=1$ quantum magnets on the triangular lattice
• Topological magnon gap engineering in van der Waals CrI${}_3$ ferromagnets
• Magnons in antiferromagnetic bcc-Cr and Cr${}_2$O${}_3$ from time-dependent density functional theory
• When can localized spins interacting with conduction electrons in ferro- or antiferromagnets be described classically via the Landau-Lifshitz equation: Transition from quantum many-body entangled to quantum-classical nonequilibrium states
• Effect of biquadratic magnetic exchange interaction in the 2D antiferromagnets MPS_3 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni)
• A deep investigation of NiO and MnO through the first principle calculations and Monte Carlo simulations
• Strain-tunable magnetic and magnonic states in Ni-dihalide monolayers
• Phase diagram of a bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 model on the triangular lattice from density matrix renormalization group simulations
• Intrinsic Spin Nernst Effect and Chiral Edge Modes in van der Waals Ferromagnetic Insulators: Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya vs. Kitaev Interactions
• Lattice Distortions and Magnetic Interactions in Single-Layer VOCl
• Pseudo-spectral Landau-Lifshitz description of magnetization dynamics
• Helimagnetism in CrBr${}_2$ and CrIBr
• Field-induced antiferromagnetic correlations in a nanopatterned van der Waals ferromagnet: a potential artificial spin ice
• Topologically-driven three-spin chiral exchange interactions treated from first principles
• Computational studies on magnetism and ferroelectricity
• Contrasting magnetism in VPS3 and CrI3 monolayers with the common honeycomb S = 3/2 spin lattice
• Mechanical resonant sensing of spin texture dynamics in a two-dimensional antiferromagnet
• Controlling topology through targeted composite symmetry manipulation in magnetic systems
• Four-Spin Interactions as a Route to Multiple-Q Topological Magnetic Order
• Haldane phases and phase diagrams of the S = 3/2, 1 bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model on the orthogonal dimer chain
• Electronic excitations and spin interactions in chromium trihalides from embedded many-body wavefunctions
• RKKY quadratic and biquadratic spin-spin interactions in twisted bilayer graphene
• Kitaev interactions in the van der Waals antiferromagnet VBr3
• Angular-Dependent Thermal Hall Effect in a Honeycomb Magnet: Disentangling Kitaev and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interactions
• Thermally-induced mimicry of quantum cluster excitations and implications for the magnetic transition in FePSe${}_3$
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