Coexistence of Merons with Skyrmions in the Centrosymmetric van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe5GeTe2

Abstract

Fe${}_{5-x}$GeTe${}_2$ is a centrosymmetric, layered van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnet that displays Curie temperatures $T_c$ (270-330 K) that are within the useful range for spintronic applications. However, little is known about the interplay between its topological spin textures (e.g., merons, skyrmions) with technologically relevant transport properties such as the topological Hall effect (THE), or topological thermal transport. Here, we show via high-resolution Lorentz transmission electron microscopy that merons and anti-meron pairs coexist with Néel skyrmions in Fe${}_{5-x}$GeTe${}_2$ over a wide range of temperatures and probe their effects on thermal and electrical transport. We detect a THE, even at room $T$, that senses merons at higher $T$s as well as their coexistence with skyrmions as $T$ is lowered indicating an on-demand thermally driven formation of either type of spin texture. Remarkably, we also observe an unconventional THE in absence of Lorentz force and attribute it to the interaction between charge carriers and magnetic field-induced chiral spin textures. Our results expose Fe${}_{5-x}$GeTe${}_2$ as a promising candidate for the development of applications in skyrmionics/meronics due to the interplay between distinct but coexisting topological magnetic textures and unconventional transport of charge/heat carriers.

In press. Four figures in the main text. Includes SI file with 19 additional figures

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• Prediction of stable nanoscale skyrmions in monolayer Fe${}_5$GeTe${}_2$
• Topological magnon gap engineering in van der Waals CrI${}_3$ ferromagnets
• Anisotropic magnetization dynamics in Fe5GeTe2 at room temperature
• Engineering of a Layered Ferromagnet via Graphitization: An Overlooked Polymorph of GdAlSi
• Writing and detecting topological charges in exfoliated Fe${}_{5-x}$GeTe${}_2$
• Hole doping as an efficient route to increase the Curie temperature in monolayer CrI${}_3$
• Local Inversion Symmetry Breaking and Thermodynamic Evidence for Ferrimagnetism in Fe3GaTe2
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• Direct-Write Printed Contacts to Layered and 2D Materials
• Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Fe5GeTe2 epitaxial thin films
• Skyrmion Lattice Manipulation with Electric Currents and Thermal Gradients in MnSi
• A proposal for realizing Majorana fermions without external magnetic field in strongly correlated nanowires
• Spin-reorientation driven topological Hall effect in Fe4GeTe2
• Quenching the Non-Collinear Spin Order in High-Tc Layered Ferromagnet Fe5GeTe2
• Topological Hall Effect in Antiferromagnetic Co doped Fe${}_3$GaTe${}_2$