Gravitational Waves from Newborn Accreting Millisecond Magnetars

Abstract

Two accretion columns have been argued to form over the surface of a newborn millisecond magnetar for an extremely high accretion rate $\gtrsim 1.8\times 10^{-2}{M}_{\odot }{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ that may occur in the core-collapse of a massive star. In this paper, we investigate the characteristics of these accretion columns and their gravitational wave (GW) radiation. For a typical millisecond magnetar (surface magnetic field strength $B\sim 10^{15}$ G and initial spin period $P\sim 1$ ms), we find (1) its accretion columns are cooled via neutrinos and can reach a height $\sim 1$ km over the stellar surface; (2) its column-induced characteristic GW strain is comparable to the sensitivities of the next generation ground-based GW detectors within a horizon $\sim 1$ Mpc; (3) the magnetar can survive only a few tens of seconds; (4) during the survival timescale, the height of the accretion columns increases rapidly to the peak and subsequently decreases slowly; (5) the column mass, characteristic GW strain, and maximum GW luminosity have simultaneous peaks in a similar rise-fall evolution. In addition, we find that the magnetar's spin evolution is dominated by the column accretion torque. A possible association with failed supernova is also discussed.

arXiv comment8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PRD

References in corpus (53)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• Neutron Star Structure and the Equation of State
• The Physics of Neutron Stars
• Progenitors of core-collapse supernovae
• Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Binary Black Hole Population Properties Inferred from the First and Second Observing Runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• Hyper-Accreting Black Holes and Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The death of massive stars - I. Observational constraints on the progenitors of type II-P supernovae
• Supernovae, Jets, and Collapsars
• Black Hole Formation in Failing Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Gamma-ray Burst Afterglow with Continuous Energy Injection: Signature of a Highly-Magnetized Millisecond Pulsar
• The Black Hole Mass Distribution in the Galaxy
• The Mass Distribution of Stellar-Mass Black Holes
• Signatures of magnetar central engines in short GRB lightcurves
• Short Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts with Extended Emission from Proto-Magnetar Spin-Down
• X-Ray Flares from Postmerger Millisecond Pulsars
• Asymmetric Supernovae, Pulsars, Magnetars, and Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The search for failed supernovae with the Large Binocular Telescope: confirmation of a disappearing star
• Swift observations of GRB 070110: an extraordinary X-ray afterglow powered by the central engine
• High Resolution Calculations of Merging Neutron Stars III: Gamma-Ray Bursts
• A Survey About Nothing: Monitoring a Million Supergiants for Failed Supernovae
• Search for post-merger gravitational waves from the remnant of the binary neutron star merger GW170817
• The Millisecond Magnetar Central Engine in short GRBs
• Remnant evolution after a carbon-oxygen white dwarf merger
• Fallback and Black Hole Production in Massive Stars
• Formation of Stable Magnetars from Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• A test of the millisecond magnetar central engine model of GRBs with Swift data
• The Search for Failed Supernovae with The Large Binocular Telescope: First Candidates
• Magnetized Relativistic Jets and Long-Duration GRBs from Magnetar Spindown during Core-Collapse Supernovae
• GRB afterglow plateaus and Gravitational Waves: multi-messenger signature of a millisecond magnetar?
• Relativistic Jets and Long-Duration Gamma-ray Bursts from the Birth of Magnetars
• Evolution towards and beyond accretion-induced collapse of massive white dwarfs and formation of millisecond pulsars
• Relativistic Wind Bubbles and Afterglow Signatures
• Observationally constraining gravitational wave emission from short gamma-ray burst remnants
• A long-lived remnant neutron star after GW170817 inferred from its associated kilonova
• Failed Supernovae Explain the Compact Remnant Mass Function
• Supernova Fallback onto Magnetars and Propeller-Powered Supernovae
• Empirical constraints on the origin of fast radio bursts: volumetric rates and host galaxy demographics as a test of millisecond magnetar connection
• The Search for Failed Supernovae with the Large Binocular Telescope: Constraints from 7 Years of Data
• Thermal Runaway During the Evolution of ONeMg Cores towards Accretion-Induced Collapse
• Signature of gravitational radiation in afterglow of short Gamma-Ray Bursts?
• Are gravitational waves from giant magnetar flares observable?
• Gravitational waves from pulsars: emission by the magnetic field induced distortion
• Spin Evolution of Millisecond Magnetars with Hyperaccreting Fallback Disks: Implications for Early Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Gravitational Waves from Fallback Accretion onto Neutron Stars
• Electromagnetic Emission from newly-born Magnetar Spin-Down by Gravitational-Wave and Magnetic Dipole Radiations
• Magnetar Asteroseismology with Long-Term Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational waves from post-merger radially-oscillating millisecond pulsars
• Of Mountains and Molehills : Gravitational Waves from Neutron Stars

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Magnetars from Neutron Star--White Dwarf Mergers: Application to Fast Radio Bursts
• Gravitational waves from mountains in newly born millisecond magnetars
• Constraining the ellipticity of new-born magnetar with the observational data of Long gamma-ray bursts
• Gravitational-wave evolution of newborn magnetars with different deformed structure
• Exploring the magnetic field of the ultraluminous X-ray pulsar NGC 4631 X-8