Gluon transversity in polarized proton-deuteron Drell-Yan process

Abstract

Nucleon spin structure functions have been investigated mainly by longitudinally-polarized ones for finding the origin of the nucleon spin. Other types of spin structure functions are transversely-polarized ones. In particular, quark transversity distributions in the nucleons have very different properties from the longitudinally-polarized quark distribution functions, especially in scaling violation, because they are decoupled from the gluon transversity, due to the fact that they are helicity-flip (chiral-odd) distributions. Such studies are valuable for finding not only the origin of the nucleon spin but also a signature on physics beyond the standard model, because the electric dipole moment of the neutron is proportional to the transversity distributions. Now, there is experimental progress on the quark transversity distributions; however, there is no experimental information on gluon transversity. In fact, the gluon transversity does not exist for the spin-1/2 nucleon due to the helicity-conservation constraint. One needs a hadron with spin more than or equal to one, so that the helicity flip of two units is allowed. A stable spin-1 target is, for example, the deuteron for studying the gluon transversity. In this work, we propose a possibility for finding the gluon transversity at hadron-accelerator facilities, especially in the proton-deuteron Drell-Yan process with the linearly-polarized deuteron, by showing theoretical formalism and numerical results. We show the dependencies of the Drell-Yan cross section on the dimuon-mass squared $M_{\mu \mu }^2$, the dimuon transverse-momentum $q_T$, the dimuon rapidity $y$ in the center-of-momentum frame, and the magnitude of the gluon transversity ${\Delta }_{T}g$.

21 pages, 16 eps figure files, typos are corrected. Published in Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 054011

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Cited by in corpus (11)

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• Enhanced Tensor Polarization in Solid-State Targets
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• Inclusive and semi-inclusive production of spin-3/2 hadrons in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation
• Transversity generalized parton distributions in spin-3/2 particles
• Nucleon Structure from Basis Light-Front Quantization : Status and Prospects
• TMDs for spin-1 hadrons
• Novel relations for twist-3 tensor-polarized fragmentation functions in spin-1 hadrons
• Twist-3 contribution in the Drell-Yan process with tensor-polarized deuteron
• Twist-2 relation and sum rule for tensor-polarized parton distribution functions of spin-1 hadrons