First measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters using neutrinos and antineutrinos by NOvA

Abstract

The NOvA experiment has made a $4.4\sigma$-significant observation of ${\bar{\nu }}_e$ appearance in a 2 GeV ${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }$ beam at a distance of 810 km. Using $12.33\times 10^{20}$ protons on target delivered to the Fermilab NuMI neutrino beamline, the experiment recorded 27 ${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }\to {\bar{\nu }}_e$ candidates with a background of 10.3 and 102 ${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }\to {\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }$ candidates. This new antineutrino data is combined with neutrino data to measure the oscillation parameters $|\Delta m_{32}^2|=2.48_{-0.06}^{+0.11}\times 10^{-3}$ eV${}^2/c^4$, ${\sin }^2{\theta }_{23}=0.56_{-0.03}^{+0.04}$ in the normal neutrino mass hierarchy and upper octant and excludes most values near ${\delta }_{\mathrm{CP}}=\pi /2$ for the inverted mass hierarchy by more than 3$\sigma$. The data favor the normal neutrino mass hierarchy by 1.9$\sigma$ and ${\theta }_{23}$ values in the upper octant by 1.6$\sigma$.

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