The European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam Conceptual Design Report

Abstract

This conceptual design report provides a detailed account of the European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam (ESS$\nu$SB) feasibility study. This facility has been proposed after the measurements reported in 2012 of a relatively large value of the neutrino mixing angle ${\theta }_{13}$, which raised the possibility of observing potential CP violation in the leptonic sector with conventional neutrino beams. The measured value of ${\theta }_{13}$ also privileges the $2^{nd}$ oscillation maximum for the discovery of CP violation instead of the more typically studied $1^{st}$ maximum. The sensitivity at this $2^{nd}$ oscillation maximum is about three times higher than at the $1^{st}$ one, which implies a reduced influence of systematic errors. Working at the $2^{nd}$ oscillation maximum requires a very intense neutrino beam with an appropriate energy. The world's most intense pulsed spallation neutron source, the European Spallation Source (ESS), will have a proton linac operating at 5\,MW power, 2\,GeV kinetic energy and 14~Hz repetition rate (3~ms pulse duration, 4\% duty cycle) for neutron production. In this design study it is proposed to double the repetition rate and compress the beam pulses to the level of microseconds in order to provide an additional 5~MW proton beam for neutrino production. The physics performance has been evaluated for such a neutrino super beam, in conjunction with a megaton-scale underground water Cherenkov neutrino detector installed at a distance of 360--550\,km from ESS. The ESS proton linac upgrades, the accumulator ring required for proton-pulse compression, the target station design and optimisation, the near and far detector complexes, and the physics potential of the facility are all described in this report. The ESS linac will be operational by 2025, at which point the implementation of upgrades for the neutrino facility could begin.

216 pages

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• Particle Physics at the European Spallation Source
• European Spallation Source as a searching tool for an ultralight scalar field
• Capability of the proposed long-baseline experiments to probe large extra dimension
• The ESSnuSB design study: overview and future prospects
• Non-holomorphic modular flavor symmetry and odd weight polyharmonic Maaß form
• Decoherence in Neutrino Oscillation at the ESSnuSB Experiment
• Search for Hidden Neutrinos at the European Spallation Source: the SHiNESS experiment
• Searching for long-lived light neutralinos and axionlike particles at the SHiNESS experiment
• Model-independent search for T violation with T2HK and DUNE
• Constraining the isotropic CPT-odd coefficients of the Standard Model Extension by a combined DUNE and ESSnuSB analysis
• evortran: a modern Fortran package for genetic algorithms with applications from LHC data fitting to LISA signal reconstruction
• New physics particles mixing with mesons: production in the fragmentation chain
• Phase space of electron- and muon-neutrino and antineutrino scattering off nuclei
• Probing Long-Range Forces in Neutrino Oscillations at the ESSnuSB Experiment