Direct detection of induced magnetic moment and efficient spin-to-charge conversion in graphene/ferromagnetic structures

Abstract

This article shows that the spin-to-charge current conversion in single-layer graphene (SLG) by means of the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect (IREE) is made possible with the integration of this remarkable 2D-material with the unique ferrimagnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet (YIG = $Y_{3}F{e}_5{O}_{12}$) as well as with the ferromagnetic metal permalloy (Py = $N{i}_{81}S{b}_{19}$). By means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) techniques, we show that the carbon atoms of the SLG acquires an induced magnetic moment due to the proximity effect with the magnetic layer. The spin currents are generated in the magnetic layer by spin pumping from microwave driven ferromagnetic resonance and are detected by a dc voltage along the graphene layer, at room temperature. The spin-to-charge current conversion, occurring at the graphene layer, is explained by the extrinsic spin-orbit interaction (SOI) induced by the proximity effect with the ferromagnetic layer. The results obtained for the SLG/YIG and SLG/Py systems confirm very similar values for the IREE parameter, which are larger than the values reported in previous studies for SLG. We also report systematic investigations of the electronic and magnetic properties of the SLG/YIG by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).

Main text: 12 pages and 6 figures, Supplemental Material: 4 pages and 4 figures

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• Planar Hall effect induced spin rectification effect and its strong impact on spin pumping measurements
• Efficient spin-to-charge interconversion in Weyl semimetal TaP at room temperature
• Theory of inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect induced by spin pumping into a two-dimensional electron gas
• Giant and anisotropic enhancement of spin-charge conversion in double Rashba interface graphene-based quantum system
• Lévy flight for electrons in graphene in the presence of regions with enhanced spin-orbit coupling
• Theory of the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect induced by thermal spin injection
• Unraveling the Spin-to-Charge Current Conversion Mechanism and Charge Transfer Dynamics at Interface of Graphene/WS${}_2$ Heterostructures at Room Temperature
• Dynamical Majorana Ising spin response in a topological superconductor-magnet hybrid by microwave irradiation
• Determining the Proximity Effect Induced Magnetic Moment in Graphene by Polarized Neutron Reflectivity and X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism
• Spin Pumping into two-dimensional systems